SIST EN 13121-1:2021
(Main)GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground - Part 1: Raw materials - Specification conditions and acceptance criteria
GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground - Part 1: Raw materials - Specification conditions and acceptance criteria
This document gives requirements for specification and acceptance conditions of raw materials for GRP tanks and vessels with or without lining for storage or processing of fluids, factory made or site built, non-pressurised or pressurised, for use above ground.
Tanks and vessels for storage or processing of food, raw materials for food and potable water additionally have to be in compliance with relevant EU directives and applicable national standards and regulations.
Oberirdische GFK-Tanks und -Behälter - Teil 1: Ausgangsmaterialien - Spezifikations- und Abnahmebedingungen
Dieses Dokument enthält die Anforderungen an die Spezifikation und Annahme von Ausgangsmaterialien für GFK-Tanks und -Behälter mit oder ohne Auskleidung, werksmäßig hergestellt oder standortgefertigt, zur oberirdischen Lagerung oder Behandlung von Fluiden, drucklos oder druckbeaufschlagt. In Verbindung mit den Bedingungen für die Herstellung der drucktragenden Werkstoffe nach EN 13121 3:2016 stellen die Spezifikations- und Annahmebedingungen für die Ausgangsmaterialien sicher, dass der Tank oder Behälter geeignet ist, die Anforderungen an seine Auslegung zu erfüllen, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Anforderungen an seine chemisch/thermische Widerstandsfähigkeit sowie an die Aufnahme des Drucks und der Lasten.
ANMERKUNG Tanks und Behälter für die Lagerung oder Verarbeitung von Lebensmitteln, Rohmaterialien für Lebensmittel und Trinkwasser werden zusätzlich die Anforderungen der relevanten EG-Richtlinien und anzuwendenden nationalen Normen und Vorschriften erfüllen.
Réservoirs et récipients en PRV pour applications hors sol - Partie 1 : Matières premières - Specifications et Criteres d'acceptation
Le présent document définit les exigences relatives aux conditions de spécification et aux conditions de réception des matières premières destinées à la fabrication des réservoirs et récipients en PRV avec ou sans revêtement, destinés au stockage ou au traitement de fluides, fabriqués en usine ou sur site, avec ou sans pression, implantés hors sol.
NOTE Les réservoirs et récipients pour le stockage ou le traitement de denrées alimentaires, de matières premières pour les denrées alimentaires et d’eau potable vont en outre être en conformité avec les Directives UE correspondantes et les normes nationales et réglementations applicables.
Nadzemni rezervoarji in posode iz umetnih mas, ojačanih s steklenimi vlakni - 1. del: Osnovni materiali - Specifikacije in kriteriji sprejemljivosti
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13121-1:2021
01-december-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 13121-1:2003
Nadzemni rezervoarji in posode iz umetnih mas, ojačanih s steklenimi vlakni - 1.
del: Osnovni materiali - Specifikacije in kriteriji sprejemljivosti
GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground - Part 1: Raw materials - Specification
conditions and acceptance criteria
Oberirdische GFK-Tanks und -Behälter - Teil 1: Ausgangsmaterialien - Spezifikations-
und Abnahmebedingungen
Réservoirs et récipients en PRV pour applications hors sol - Partie 1 : Matières
premières - Specifications et Criteres d'acceptation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13121-1:2021
ICS:
23.020.10 Nepremične posode in Stationary containers and
rezervoarji tanks
SIST EN 13121-1:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 13121-1:2021
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SIST EN 13121-1:2021
EN 13121-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 23.020.10 Supersedes EN 13121-1:2003
English Version
GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground - Part 1: Raw
materials - Specification conditions and acceptance criteria
Réservoirs et récipients en PRV pour applications hors Oberirdische GFK-Tanks und -Behälter - Teil 1:
sol - Partie 1 : Matières premières - Conditions de Ausgangsmaterialien - Spezifikations- und
spécification et critères d'acceptation Abnahmebedingungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 July 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13121-1:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 13121-1:2021
EN 13121-1:2021 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Terms and definitions . 8
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations . 8
4 Thermosetting resins . 9
4.1 General . 9
4.2 Unsaturated polyester resins . 11
4.3 Vinylester resins . 11
4.4 Vinylester urethane resins . 11
4.5 Epoxy resins . 11
4.6 Furane resins . 11
4.7 Phenolic resins . 11
4.8 Characterization of thermosetting resins in the uncured state . 11
4.9 Characterization of thermosetting resins in the cured state . 13
5 Curing agents for unsaturated polyester and vinylester resins . 13
5.1 General . 13
5.2 Initiators . 13
5.3 Accelerators, organometallic . 13
5.4 Promotors . 13
5.5 Inhibitors . 14
5.6 Acetyl acetone . 14
6 Reinforcing materials . 14
6.1 General . 14
6.2 Surface nonwovens . 14
6.3 Chopped strand mats . 14
6.4 Continuous strand mats . 14
6.5 Fabrics/Woven roving . 15
6.6 Rovings for winding and for chopping applications . 15
7 Additives . 15
7.1 General . 15
7.2 Thixotropic agents . 15
7.3 Conductive fillers . 15
7.4 Fire retardants . 15
7.5 Paraffin wax . 16
7.6 Aggregates and fillers . 16
7.7 Ultraviolet absorbers . 16
7.8 Pigments . 16
7.9 Surface active agents . 16
8 Thermoplastic lining materials . 16
8.1 General . 16
8.2 Mechanical and thermal properties . 17
8.3 Welding consumables . 19
8.4 Dimensional stability . 19
9 Material conformance documentation . 19
9.1 General . 19
2
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SIST EN 13121-1:2021
EN 13121-1:2021 (E)
9.2 Unsaturated polyester, vinylester and vinylester urethane resins . 19
9.3 Epoxy resins and hardeners . 20
9.4 Furane and phenolic resins . 20
9.5 Curing agents and additives . 20
9.6 Surface nonwovens . 20
9.7 Chopped strand mats . 20
9.8 Woven fabrics/Woven roving fabrics . 20
9.9 Rovings for winding and for chopping applications . 21
9.10 Thermoplastic linings . 21
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU aimed to be covered . 22
3
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SIST EN 13121-1:2021
EN 13121-1:2021 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 13121-1:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 210 “GRP tanks and
vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2022, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by March 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 13121-1:2003.
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s) /
Regulation(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of
this document.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania,
Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
4
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SIST EN 13121-1:2021
EN 13121-1:2021 (E)
Introduction
EN 13121 consists of the following parts under the general title “GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground”:
— Part 1 — Raw materials – Specification conditions and acceptance criteria
— Part 2 — Composite materials – Chemical resistance
— Part 3 — Design and workmanship
— Part 4 — Delivery, installation and maintenance
These four Parts together define the responsibilities of the tank or vessel manufacturers, the materials
manufacturers or suppliers and the purchasers.
The design and manufacture of GRP tanks and vessels involve a number of different materials such as resins,
plastics and reinforcing fibres and a number of different manufacturing methods. It is implicit that tanks and
vessels conforming to this document should be made only by manufacturers and operators who are competent
and suitably equipped to fulfil all requirements, using materials manufactured by competent and experienced
material manufacturers.
Part 1 of this series specifies the requirements for specification conditions and acceptance conditions for raw
materials — resins, curing agents, thermoplastic linings, reinforcing materials and additives — in terms of
both material technical properties and the manufacturing process. These requirements are necessary in order
to establish the chemical resistance properties determined in Part 2 and the mechanical, thermal and design
properties determined in Part 3. Together with the workmanship principles determined in Part 3,
specification conditions and acceptance conditions for raw materials ensure that the tank or vessel will be
able to meet its design requirements, particularly in terms of its chemical/thermal resistance and pressure
and load supporting requirements. Part 4 of this series specifies requirements for delivery, handling and
installation and recommendations for maintenance of GRP tanks and vessels.
5
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SIST EN 13121-1:2021
EN 13121-1:2021 (E)
1 Scope
This document gives requirements for specification and acceptance conditions of raw materials for GRP tanks
and vessels with or without lining for storage or processing of fluids, factory made or site built, non-
pressurized or pressurized, for use above ground. Together with the workmanship for the production of the
pressure-bearing materials principles determined in EN 13121-3:2016, specification conditions and
acceptance conditions for raw materials ensure that the tank or vessel will be able to meet its design
requirements, particularly in terms of its chemical/thermal resistance and pressure and load supporting
requirements.
NOTE Tanks and vessels for storage or processing of food, raw materials for food and potable water additionally will
be in compliance with relevant EU directives and applicable national standards and regulations.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 59:2016, Glass reinforced plastics - Determination of indentation hardness by means of a Barcol hardness
tester
EN 10204:2004, Metallic products - Types of inspection documents
EN 13121-2:2003, GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground - Part 2: Composite materials - Chemical
resistance
EN 13121-3:2016, GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground - Part 3: Design and workmanship
EN ISO 75-2:2013, Plastics - Determination of temperature of deflection under load - Part 2: Plastics and ebonite
(ISO 75-2:2013)
EN ISO 178:2019, Plastics - Determination of flexural properties (ISO 178:2019)
EN ISO 306:2013, Plastics - Thermoplastic materials - Determination of Vicat softening temperature (VST) (ISO
306:2013)
EN ISO 472:2013, Plastics - Vocabulary (ISO 472:2013)
EN ISO 527-2:2012, Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and
extrusion plastics (ISO 527-2:2012)
EN ISO 868:2003, Plastics and ebonite - Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore
hardness) (ISO 868:2003)
EN ISO 1133-1:2011, Plastics - Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and melt volume-flow rate
(MVR) of thermoplastics - Part 1: Standard method (ISO 1133-1:2011)
EN ISO 1133-2:2011, Plastics - Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and melt volume-flow rate
(MVR) of thermoplastics - Part 2: Method for materials sensitive to time-temperature history and/or moisture
(ISO 1133-2:2011)
EN ISO 21306-1:2019, Plastics - Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) moulding and extrusion materials -
Part 1: Designation system and basis for specifications (ISO 21306-1:2019)
EN ISO 1183-1:2019, Plastics - Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics - Part 1: Immersion
method, liquid pycnometer method and titration method (ISO 1183-1:2019, Corrected version 2019-05)
6
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SIST EN 13121-1:2021
EN 13121-1:2021 (E)
EN ISO 1183-2:2019, Plastics - Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics - Part 2: Density
gradient column method (ISO 1183-2:2019)
EN ISO 1183-3:1999, Plastics - Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics - Part 3: Gas
pyknometer method (ISO 1183-3:1999)
EN ISO 1675:1998, Plastics - Liquid resins - Determination of density by the pyknometer method (ISO 1675:1985)
EN ISO 1889:2009, Reinforcement yarns - Determination of linear density (ISO 1889:2009)
EN ISO 2078:1994, Textile glass - Yarns - Designation (ISO 2078:1993)
EN ISO 2114:2000, Plastics (polyester resins) and paints and varnishes (binders) - Determination of partial acid
value and total acid value (ISO 2114:2000)
EN ISO 2535:2002, Plastics - Unsaturated polyester resins - Measurement of gel time at ambient temperature
(ISO 2535:2001)
EN ISO 2554:1998, Plastics - Unsaturated polyester resins - Determination of hydroxyl value (ISO 2554:1997)
EN ISO 2555:2018, Plastics - Resins in the liquid state or as emulsions or dispersions - Determination of apparent
viscosity using a single cylinder type rotational viscometer method (ISO 2555:2018)
EN ISO 2592:2017, Petroleum and related products - Determination of flash and fire points - Cleveland open cup
method (ISO 2592:2017)
EN ISO 3001:1999, Plastics - Epoxy compounds - Determination of epoxy equivalent (ISO 3001:1999)
EN ISO 3219:1994, Plastics - Polymers/resins in the liquid state or as emulsions or dispersions - Determination
of viscosity using a rotational viscometer with defined shear rate (ISO 3219:1993)
EN ISO 3251:2019, Paints, varnishes and plastics - Determination of non-volatile-matter content (ISO
3251:2019)
EN ISO 3344:1997, Reinforcement products - Determination of moisture content (ISO 3344:1997)
EN ISO 6271:2015, Clear liquids - Estimation of colour by the platinum-cobalt colour scale (ISO 6271:2015)
EN ISO 9092:2019, Nonwovens - Vocabulary (ISO 9092:2019)
EN ISO 9702:1998, Plastics - Amine epoxide hardeners - Determination of primary, secondary and tertiary amine
group nitrogen content (ISO 9702:1996)
EN ISO 9771:1997, Plastics - Phenolic resins - Determination of the pseudo-adiabatic temperature rise of liquid
resols when cured under acid conditions (ISO 9771:1995)
EN ISO 11357-2:2020, Plastics - Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) - Part 2: Determination of glass
transition temperature and step height (ISO 11357-2:2020)
ISO 1887:2014, Textile glass — Determination of combustible-matter content
ISO 2113:1996, Reinforcement fibres — Woven fabrics — Basis for a specification
ISO 2211:1973, Liquid chemical products — Measurement of colour in Hazen units (platinum-cobalt scale)
ISO 2559:2011, Textile glass — Mats (made from chopped or continuous strands) — Designation and basis for
specifications
7
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SIST EN 13121-1:2021
EN 13121-1:2021 (E)
ISO 2797:2017, Textile glass — Rovings — Basis for a specification
ISO 3374:2000, Reinforcement products — Mats and fabrics — Determination of mass per unit area
ISO 9073-1:1989, Textiles — Test methods for nonwovens — Part 1: Determination of mass per unit area
ISO 9073-2:1995, Textiles — Test methods for nonwovens — Part 2: Determination of thickness
ISO 9073-3:1989, Textiles — Test methods for nonwovens — Part 3: Determination of tensile strength and
elongation
ISO 11359-2:1999, Plastics — Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) — Part 2: Determination of coefficient of
linear thermal expansion and glass transition temperature
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document the terms and definitions given in EN 13121-3:2016 and EN ISO 472:2013
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the symbols and abbreviations given in Table 1 apply.
Table 1 — Symbols and abbreviations
Symbol/abbreviation Unit Abbreviation
HDT °C Heat deflection temperature
MFR g/10 min Melt flow rate
T °C Glass transition temperature
g
ε % Elongation at break in tension
t
σ MPa Flexural strength
f
σ MPa Tensile strength
t
ShD — Shore Hardness D
ρ g/ml Density
E MPa Modulus of elasticity in tension
t
E MPa Modulus of elasticity in flexure
f
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SIST EN 13121-1:2021
EN 13121-1:2021 (E)
4 Thermosetting resins
4.1 General
The resins used for GRP tanks or vessels are liquid or liquefiable, thermosetting in nature and cure by
polymerisation (polyaddition or polycondensation) with curing agents (initiators, accelerators/promotors).
The production procedure and cure schedule of thermosetting resin laminates shall be in accordance with the
resin manufacturer's recommendations. Most thermosetting resins require an elevated temperature post cure
to enhance chemical and thermal resistance.
Most unsaturated polyester resins and vinyl ester resins may be classified in accordance with Table 2.
In order for a specific resin to be given a classification according to Table 2, the resin manufacturer shall state
that the specific resin conforms with the property requirements given in Table 2 and meets the chemical
resistance requirements given in EN 13121-2:2003.
When required, flammability and electrical conductivity shall be taken into account.
9
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SIST EN 13121-1:2021
EN 13121-1:2021 (E)
Table 2 — Classification scheme for UP- and VE-resins
Content
Resin Resin
of styrene σ ε σ
Type of glycols Type of acids HDT
t t f
group type
d
mass-%
°C MPa % MPa
max. min. min. min. min.
Orthophthalic acid
a, b
1A UP 45 60 60 2,0 90
Standard glycols
Ethylenedicarbonxylic acids
Orthophthalic acid
a, b
1B UP 45 90 50 1,5 75
Standard glycols
Ethylenedicarbonxylic acids
Isophthalic acid, HET acid
a, b
2A UP 50 60 60 2,0 90
Standard glycols
Ethylenedicarbonxylic acids
Isophthalic acid, HET acid
a
2B UP 50 90 50 1,5 75
Standard glycols
Ethylenedicarbonxylic acids
Terephthalic acid
a
3 UP 50 110 75 3,0 120
Standard glycols
Ethylenedicarbonxylic acids
Neopentyl and halogenated neopentyl
Isophthalic acid
c
glycol (min. 80 mol-%) and a diol with at Orthophthalic acid
4 UP 55 90 65 3,0 110
−
least one secondary OH group Ethylenedicarboxylic acids
c Terephthalic acids
(max. 20 mol-%)
Orthophthalic acid
5 UP Bis (hydroxymethyl)-tricyclodecan 45 90 50 1,5 100
Ethylenedicarbonxylic acids
Dipropoxy-Bisphenol A and halogenated
6 UP Ethylenedicarbonxylic acids 55 110 60 2,0 110
Bisphenol A (min. 90 mol-%)
Epoxidised Bisphenol A and halogenated
7A VE Methacrylic acid 55 90 75 4,0 130
Bisphenol A
Dialkoxy — Bisphenol A and halogenated
7B VEU Bisphenol A (min. 90 ml-%), Alkoxy Ethylenedicarboxylic acids 50 105 75 3,5 130
(meth)acrylate
8 VE Epoxidised-Novolak Methacrylic acid 50 120 75 2,5 130
a
Ethylene-, 1,2-propylene-, diethylene-, dipropylene-, neopentylglycol, 1,3-butanediol 1,4-butanediol and corresponding halogenated glycols
b
May also contain cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons.
c
Related to the sum of the diol components.
d
This table refers to and is conclusive for resins dissolved in styrene. The application of alternative monomers requires separate evaluation.
10
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SIST EN 13121-1:2021
EN 13121-1:2021 (E)
4.2 Unsaturated polyester resins
Unsaturated polyester resins (UP) are thermosetting resins consisting of polyester molecules, dissolved in a
reactive monomer (e.g. styrene) capable of copolymerisation with the polyester. The polyester molecules are
built from polyhydric alcohols (polyols) and polyvalent carboxylic acids (e.g. ethylene dicarboxylic acids like
fumaric acid and/or maleic acid) and cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons (e.g. dicyclopentadiene) by a
polymerisation reaction. At least one of the acids is unsaturated (in UP-resins usually maleic and/or fumaric
acid is used).
4.3 Vinylester resins
Vinylester resins (VE) are thermosetting resins consisting of phenyl- and/or phenylene derivatives (e.g.
glycidylether from bisphenol A or novolak) and ester terminated with acrylic- and/or methacrylic acid.
The vinylester molecules are built up by reaction of an epoxide with (meth)acrylic acid.
The vinylester molecules are dissolved in a reactive monomer (e.g. styrene) capable of copolymerisation with
the unsaturated vinylester molecules.
4.4 Vinylester urethane resins
Vinylester urethane resins (VEU) are thermosetting resins consisting of phenyl- and/or phenylene derivates
(e.g. dialkoxy-bisphenol A), fumaric/maleic acid, diisocyanate derivates and terminated with alkoxy-
(meth)acrylate.
The vinylester urethane molecules are built up by the reaction of a diisocyanate derivate with alkoxy-
(meth)acrylate and the condensation product of dialkoxy-bisphenol A with fumaric/maleic acid.
The vinylester urethane molecules are dissolved in a reactive monomer (e.g. styrene) capable of
copolymerisation with the unsaturated vinylester molecules.
4.5 Epoxy resins
Epoxy resins (EP) are low to medium molecular weight polymers containing the oxirane (epoxide) reactive
group. Crosslinking occurs at these sites through addition of amines, Lewis acids/bases and anhydrides.
The epoxy resin system is characterized by the type of epoxy resin (e.g. diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A,
diglycidyl ether of bisphenol F), the type of curing agent [e.g. (cyclo)aliphatic or aromatic amine, anhydride]
and, if used, the type of viscosity modifier (e.g. “reactive-” or “non-reactive diluent”).
4.6 Furane resins
Furane resins (FU) are prepolymers of furfuryl alcohol dissolved in monomeric furfuryl alcohol. They
polymerise via a condensation reaction on addition of an acid catalyst (typically para-toluene sulphonic acid
or phosphoric acid), water being liberated.
4.7 Phenolic resins
Phenolic resins (PF) are the reaction product of phenol and an aldehyde, typically formaldehyde. They
polymerize by a condensation reaction on addition of an acid catalyst (typically para-toluene sulphonic acid
or phosphoric acid), water being liberated (
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 13121-1:2019
01-maj-2019
Nadzemni rezervoarji iz armiranega poliestra - 1. del: Osnovni material - Zahteve za
specifikacije in prevzemni pogoji/merila
GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground - Part 1: Raw materials - Specification
conditions and acceptance criteria
Oberirdische GFK-Tanks und -Behälter - Teil 1: Ausgangsmaterialien - Spezifikations-
und Abnahmebedingungen
Réservoirs et récipients en PRV pour applications hors sol - Partie 1 : Matières
premières - Specifications et Criteres d'acceptation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 13121-1
ICS:
23.020.10 1HSUHPLþQHSRVRGHLQ Stationary containers and
UH]HUYRDUML tanks
oSIST prEN 13121-1:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 13121-1:2019
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oSIST prEN 13121-1:2019
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 13121-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2019
ICS 23.020.10 Will supersede EN 13121-1:2003
English Version
GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground - Part 1: Raw
materials - Specification conditions and acceptance criteria
Réservoirs et récipients en PRV pour applications hors Oberirdische GFK-Tanks und -Behälter - Teil 1:
sol - Partie 1 : Matières premières - Specifications et Ausgangsmaterialien - Spezifikations- und
Criteres d'acceptation Abnahmebedingungen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 210.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 13121-1:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 13121-1:2019
prEN 13121-1:2019 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Terms and definitions . 8
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations . 8
4 Thermosetting resins . 8
4.1 General . 8
4.2 Unsaturated polyester resins . 10
4.3 Vinylester resins . 10
4.4 Vinylester urethane resins . 10
4.5 Epoxy resins . 10
4.6 Furane resins . 10
4.7 Phenolic resins . 10
4.8 Characterisation of thermosetting resins in the uncured state . 10
4.9 Characterisation of thermosetting resins in the cured state . 11
5 Curing agents for unsaturated polyester and vinylester resins . 12
5.1 General . 12
5.2 Initiators . 12
5.3 Accelerators, organometallic . 12
5.4 Promotors . 12
5.5 Inhibitors . 12
5.6 Acetyl acetone . 12
6 Reinforcing materials . 12
6.1 General . 12
6.2 Surface nonwovens . 13
6.3 Chopped strand mats . 13
6.4 Continuous strand mats . 13
6.5 Woven fabrics/Woven roving fabrics . 13
6.6 Rovings for winding and for chopping applications . 13
7 Additives . 14
7.1 General . 14
7.2 Thixotropic agents . 14
7.3 Conductive fillers . 14
7.4 Fire retardants . 14
7.5 Paraffin wax . 14
7.6 Aggregates and fillers . 14
7.7 Ultra-violet absorbers . 14
7.8 Pigments . 14
7.9 Surface active agents . 15
8 Thermoplastic lining materials . 15
8.1 General . 15
8.2 Mechanical and thermal properties . 15
8.3 Welding consumables . 17
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8.4 Dimensional stability . 17
9 Material conformance documentation . 17
9.1 General . 17
9.2 Unsaturated polyester, vinylester and vinylester urethane resins . 17
9.3 Epoxy resins and hardeners . 17
9.4 Furane and phenolic resins . 18
9.5 Curing agents and additives . 18
9.6 Surface nonwovens . 18
9.7 Chopped strand mats . 18
9.8 Woven fabrics/Woven roving fabrics . 18
9.9 Rovings for winding and for chopping applications . 19
9.10 Thermoplastic linings . 19
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU aimed to be covered . 20
Bibliography . 21
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European foreword
This document (prEN 13121-1:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 210 “GRP tanks
and vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 13121-1:2003.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
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Introduction
EN 13121 consists of the following parts under the general title "GRP tanks and vessels for use above
ground":
— Part 1 — Raw materials – Specification conditions and acceptance criteria
— Part 2 — Composite materials – Chemical resistance
— Part 3 — Design and workmanship
— Part 4 — Delivery, installation and maintenance
These four Parts together define the responsibilities of the tank or vessel manufacturers, the materials
manufacturers or suppliers and the purchasers.
The design and manufacture of GRP tanks and vessels involve a number of different materials such as resins,
plastics and reinforcing fibres and a number of different manufacturing methods. It is implicit that tanks and
vessels conforming to this document should be made only by manufacturers and operators who are
competent and suitably equipped to fulfil all requirements, using materials manufactured by competent and
experienced material manufacturers.
Part 1 of this series specifies the requirements for specification conditions and acceptance conditions for
raw materials — resins, curing agents, thermoplastic linings, reinforcing materials and additives — in terms
of both material technical properties and the manufacturing process. These requirements are necessary in
order to establish the chemical resistance properties determined in Part 2 and the mechanical, thermal and
design properties determined in Part 3. Together with the workmanship principles determined in Part 3,
specification conditions and acceptance conditions for raw materials ensure that the tank or vessel will be
able to meet its design requirements, particularly in terms of its chemical/thermal resistance and pressure
and load supporting requirements. Part 4 of this series specifies requirements for delivery, handling and
installation and recommendations for maintenance of GRP tanks and vessels.
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1 Scope
This document gives requirements for specification and acceptance conditions of raw materials for GRP
tanks and vessels with or without lining for storage or processing of fluids, factory made or site built, non-
pressurised or pressurised, for use above ground.
NOTE Tanks and vessels for storage or processing of food, raw materials for food and potable water additionally
will be in compliance with relevant EU directives and applicable national standards and regulations.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 59, Glass reinforced plastics — Determination of indentation hardness by means of a Barcol hardness tester
EN 10204:2004, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents
EN 13121-2:1999, GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground — Part 2: Composite materials — Chemical
resistance
EN 13121-3:2016, GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground — Part 3: Design and workmanship
EN 29092, Textiles — Nonwovens — Definition
EN ISO 75-2, Plastics — Determination of temperature of deflection under load — Part 2: Plastics and ebonite
(ISO 75-2)
EN ISO 178, Plastics — Determination of flexural properties (ISO 178)
EN ISO 306, Plastics — Thermoplastic materials — Determination of Vicat softening temperature (VST) (ISO
306)
EN ISO 472:2001, Plastics — Vocabulary (ISO 472:1999)
EN ISO 527, 2, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and
extrusion plastics (ISO 527-2)
EN ISO 868, Plastics and ebonite — Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore
hardness) (ISO 868)
EN ISO 1133, Plastics — Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and the melt volume-flow rate (MVR)
of thermoplastics (ISO 1133)
EN ISO 1163-1:1999, Plastics — Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) moulding and extrusion materials
— Part 1: Designation system and basis for specifications (ISO 1163-1)
EN ISO 1675, Plastics — Liquid resins — Determination of density by the pyknometer method (ISO 1675)
EN ISO 1889, Reinforcement yarns — Determination of linear density (ISO 1889)
EN ISO 2114:2000, Plastics (polyester resins) and paints and varnishes (binders) — Determination of partial
acid value and total acid value (ISO 2114:2000)
EN ISO 2535:2002, Plastics — Unsaturated polyester resins — Measurement of gel time at ambient
temperature (ISO 2535:2001)
EN ISO 2554, Plastics — Unsaturated polyester resins — Determination of hydroxyl value (ISO 2554)
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EN ISO 2555, Plastics — Resins in the liquid state or as emulsions or dispersions — Determination of apparent
viscosity using a single cylinder type rotational viscometer method (ISO 2555)
EN ISO 2592:2001, Determination of flash and fire points — Cleveland open cup method (ISO 2592:2000)
EN ISO 3001, Plastics — Epoxy compounds — Determination of epoxy equivalent (ISO 3001)
EN ISO 3219, Plastics — Polymers/resins in the liquid state or as emulsions or dispersions — Determination of
viscosity using a rotational viscometer with defined shear rate (ISO 3219)
EN ISO 3251:2003, Paints, varnishes and plastics — Determination of non-volatile-matter content (ISO
3251:2003)
EN ISO 3344, Reinforcement products — Determination of moisture content (ISO 3344)
EN ISO 6271, Clear liquids — Estimation of colour by the platinum-cobalt colour scale (ISO 6271)
EN ISO 9073-1, Textiles —Test methods for nonwovens — Part 1: Determination of mass per unit area
EN ISO 9073-2, Textiles — Test methods for nonwovens — Part 2: Determination of thickness (ISO 9073-2)
EN ISO 9073-3, Textiles — Test methods for nonwovens — Part 3: Determination of tensile strength and
elongation (ISO 9073-3)
EN ISO 9702, Plastics — Amine epoxide hardeners — Determination of primary, secondary and tertiary amine
group nitrogen content (ISO 9702)
EN ISO 9771, Plastics — Phenolic resins — Determination of the pseudo-adiabatic temperature rise of liquid
resols when cured under acid conditions (ISO 9771)
ISO 1183 (all parts), Plastics — Methods for determining the density and relative density of non-cellular
plastics
ISO 1887, Textile glass — Determination of combustible-matter content
ISO 2113, Reinforcement fibres — Woven fabrics — Basis for a specification
ISO 2211, Liquid chemical products — Measurement of colour in Hazen units (platinum-cobalt scale)
ISO 2559, Textile glass — Mats (made from chopped or continuous strands) — Designation and basis for
specifications
ISO 2797, Textile glass — Rovings — Basis for a specification
ISO 3374, Reinforcement products — Mats and fabrics — Determination of mass per unit area
ISO 11359-2, Plastics — Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) — Part 2: Determination of coefficient of linear
thermal expansion and glass transition temperature
DIN 53766-1:2016, Testing of glass fibre reinforced plastics apparatus, containers and pipes — Part 1:
Determination of adhesive strength
DIN 53769-1:1988, Testing Of Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastics Pipes; Determination 0f the Longitudinal Shear
Strength Of Type B Pipe Fittings
DIN 53295:1982, Testing of Sandwiches; Peel Test by Means of a Drum
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3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document the terms and definitions given in EN 13121-3:2016 and EN ISO 472:2001
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the symbols and abbreviations given in Table 1 apply.
Table 1 — Symbols and abbreviations
Symbol/abbreviation Unit Abbreviation
HDT °C Heat deflection temperature
MFR g/10 min Melt flow rate
T °C Glass transition temperature
g
ε % Elongation at break in tension
t
σ MPa Flexural strength
f
σ MPa Tensile strength
t
ShD — Shore Hardness D
ρ g/ml Density
E MPa Modulus of elasticity in tension
t
E MPa Modulus of elasticity in flexure
f
4 Thermosetting resins
4.1 General
The resins used for GRP tanks or vessels are liquid or liquefiable, thermosetting in nature and cure by
polymerisation (polyaddition or polycondensation) with curing agents (initiators, accelerators/promotors).
The production procedure and cure schedule of thermosetting resin laminates shall be in accordance with
the resin manufacturer's recommendations. Most thermosetting resins require an elevated temperature post
cure to enhance chemical and thermal resistance.
Most unsaturated polyester resins and vinyl ester resins may be classified in accordance with Table 2.
In order for a specific resin to be given a classification according to Table 2, the resin manufacturer shall
state that the specific resin conforms with the property requirements given in Table 2 and meets the
chemical resistance requirements given in EN 13121-2.
When required, flammability and electrical conductivity shall be taken into account.
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Table 2 — Classification scheme for UP- and VE-resins
Content
Resin Resin
of styrene σ ε σ
Type of glycols Type of acids HDT
t t f
group type
d
mass-%
°C MPa % MPa
max. min. min. min. min.
Orthophthalic acid
a, b
1A UP 45 60 60 2,0 90
Standard glycols
Ethylenedicarbonxylic acids
Orthophthalic acid
a, b
1B UP 45 90 50 1,5 75
Standard glycols
Ethylenedicarbonxylic acids
Isophthalic acid, HET acid
a, b
2A UP 50 60 60 2,0 90
Standard glycols
Ethylenedicarbonxylic acids
Isophthalic acid, HET acid
a
2B UP 50 90 50 1,5 75
Standard glycols
Ethylenedicarbonxylic acids
Terephthalic acid
a
3 UP 50 110 75 3,0 120
Standard glycols
Ethylenedicarbonxylic acids
Neopentyl and halogenated neopentyl
Isophthalic acid
c
glycol (min. 80 mol-%) and a diol with at Orthophthalic acid
4 UP 55 90 65 3,0 110
least one secondary OH-group Ethylenedicarboxylic acids
c Terephthalic acids
(max. 20 mol-%)
Orthophthalic acid
5 UP Bis (hydroxymethyl)-tricyclodecan 45 90 50 1,5 100
Ethylenedicarbonxylic acids
Dipropoxy-Bisphenol A and halogenated
6 UP Ethylenedicarbonxylic acids 55 110 60 2,0 110
Bisphenol A (min. 90 mol-%)
Epoxidised Bisphenol A and halogenated
7A VE Methacrylic-/Acrylic acid 55 90 75 4,0 130
Bisphenol A
Dialkoxy — Bisphenol A and halogenated
7B VEU Bisphenol A (min. 90 ml-%), Alkoxy Ethylenedicarboxylic acids 50 105 75 3,5 130
(meth)acrylate
8 VE Epoxidised-Novolak Methacrylic-/Acrylic acid 50 120 75 2,5 130
a
Ethylene-, 1,2-propylene-, diethylene-, dipropylene-, neopentylglycol, 1,3-butanediol 1,4-butanediol and corresponding halogenated glycols
b
May also contain cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons.
c
Related to the sum of the diol components.
d
This table refers to and is conclusive for resins dissolved in styrene. The application of alternative monomers requires separate evaluation.
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4.2 Unsaturated polyester resins
Unsaturated polyester resins (UP) are thermosetting resins consisting of polyester molecules, dissolved in a
reactive monomer (e.g. styrene) capable of copolymerisation with the polyester. The polyester molecules are
built from polyhydric alcohols (polyols) and polyvalent carboxylic acids (e.g. ethylene dicarboxylic acids like
fumaric acid and/or maleic acid) and cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons (e.g. dicyclopentadiene) by a
polymerisation reaction. At least one of the acids is unsaturated (in UP-resins usually maleic and/or fumaric
acid is used).
4.3 Vinylester resins
Vinylester resins (VE) are thermosetting resins consisting of phenyl- and/or phenylene derivatives (e.g.
glycidylether from bisphenol A or novolak) and ester terminated with acrylic- and/or methacrylic acid.
The vinylester molecules are built up by reaction of an epoxide with (meth)acrylic acid.
The vinylester molecules are dissolved in a reactive monomer (e.g. styrene) capable of copolymerisation
with the unsaturated vinylester molecules.
4.4 Vinylester urethane resins
Vinylester urethane resins (VEU) are thermosetting resins consisting of phenyl- and/or phenylene derivates
(e.g. dialkoxy-bisphenol A), fumaric/maleic acid, diisocyanate derivates and terminated with alkoxy-
(meth)acrylate.
The vinylester urethane molecules are built up by the reaction of a diisocyanate derivate with alkoxy-
(meth)acrylate and the condensation product of dialkoxy-bisphenol A with fumaric/maleic acid.
The vinylester urethane molecules are dissolved in a reactive monomer (e.g. styrene) capable of
copolymerisation with the unsaturated vinylester molecules.
4.5 Epoxy resins
Epoxy resins (EP) are low to medium molecular weight polymers containing the oxirane (epoxide) reactive
group. Crosslinking occurs at these sites through addition of amines, Lewis acids/bases and anhydrides.
The epoxy resin system is characterised by the type of epoxy resin (e.g. diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A,
diglycidyl ether of bisphenol F), the type of curing agent [e.g. (cyclo)aliphatic or aromatic amine, anhydride]
and, if used, the type of viscosity modifier (e.g. "reactive-" or "non-reactive diluent").
4.6 Furane resins
Furane resins (FU) are prepolymers of furfuryl alcohol dissolved in monomeric furfuryl alcohol. They
polymerise via a condensation reaction on addition of an acid catalyst (typically para-toluene sulphonic acid
or phosphoric acid), water being liberated.
4.7 Phenolic resins
Phenolic resins (PF) are the reaction product of phenol and an aldehyde, typically formaldehyde. They
polymerize by a condensation reaction on addition of an acid catalyst (typically para-toluene sulphonic acid
or phosphoric acid), water being liberated (analogous to the furane resins).
4.8 Characterisation of thermosetting resins in the uncured state
Thermosetting resins shall be characterised in the uncured state by the resin manufacturer by the properties
given in Table 3.
Test methods for determination of uncured resin properties preferably follow European standards. In
particular cases, other methods may apply. These methods have to be equally qualified based on accepted
standards. The suitability of the test method has to be proven and shall be available to the fabricator on
request.
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Table 3 — Test methods for determination of uncured resin properties
Property UP VE, VEU EP-resins EP- FU PF
hardeners
Density EN ISO 1675 EN ISO 1675 EN ISO 1675 EN ISO 1675 EN ISO 1675 EN ISO 1675
a ISO 2211 ISO 2211 ISO 6271 ISO 6271
— —
Colour
a EN ISO 2114 EN ISO 2114
— — — —
Acid number
Viscosity EN ISO 3219 EN ISO 3219 EN ISO 3219 EN ISO 3219 EN ISO 3219 EN ISO 3219
EN ISO 2555 EN ISO 2555 EN ISO 2555 EN ISO 2555 EN ISO 2555 EN ISO 2555
Non-volatile matter EN ISO 3251 EN ISO 3251 — — — —
b EN ISO 2592 ENISO 2592 EN ISO 2592 EN ISO 2592 EN ISO 2592 EN ISO 2592
Flash point
Hydroxyl eq. weight — — — EN ISO 2554 — —
Epoxy eq. weight — — EN ISO 3001 — — —
Amine eq. weight — — — EN ISO 9702 — —
Anhydride eq. weight — — — EN ISO 2114 — —
Gel time EN ISO 2535 EN ISO 2535 — — — EN ISO 9771
a
Optional
b
Value optional reported in Safety Data Sheet
Test methods for determination of uncured resin properties preferably follow European standards. In
particular cases, other methods may apply. These methods have to be equally qualified based on accepted
standards. The suitability of the test method has to be proven and shall be available to the fabricator on
request.
4.
...
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