SIST EN 15763:2010
(Main)Foodstuffs - Determination of trace elements - Determination of arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead in foodstuffs by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after pressure digestion
Foodstuffs - Determination of trace elements - Determination of arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead in foodstuffs by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after pressure digestion
This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead in foodstuffs by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The collaborative study included foodstuffs such as carrots, fish homogenate, Mushrooms (CRM), graham flour, a simulated diet E (CRM), scampi, mussel and a Tort-2 CRM having an arsenic mass fraction ranging from 0,06 mg/kg to 21,5 mg/kg dry matter (d. m.), cadmium ranging from 0,03 mg/kg to 28,3 mg/kg d. m., mercury ranging from 0,04 mg/kg to 0,56 mg/kg d. m. and lead from 0,01 mg/kg to 2,4 mg/kg d. m.
Lebensmittel - Bestimmung von Elementspuren - Bestimmung von Arsen, Cadmium, Quecksilber und Blei in Lebensmitteln mit induktiv gekoppelter Plasma-Massenspektrometrie (ICP-MS) nach Druckaufschluss
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Arsen, Cadmium, Quecksilber und Blei in Lebensmitteln
durch Massenspektrometrie mit induktiv gekoppeltem Plasma (ICP-MS) fest. Im Ringversuch wurden
Lebensmittel mit einem Arsengehalt von 0,06 mg/kg bis 21,5 mg/kg Trockensubstanz (TS), einem Cadmiumgehalt
von 0,03 mg/kg bis 28,3 mg/kg TS, einem Quecksilbergehalt von 0,04 mg/kg bis 0,56 mg/kg TS und
einem Bleigehalt von 0,01 mg/kg bis 2,4 mg/kg TS untersucht.
Produits alimentaires - Dosage des éléments traces - Dosage de l'arsenic, du cadmium, du mercure et du plomb par spectrométrie d'émission avec plasma induit par haute fréquence et spectromètre de masse (ICP-MS) après digestion sous pression
Le présent document spécifie une méthode de détermination des teneurs en arsenic, cadmium, mercure et plomb dans les produits alimentaires par plasma à couplage inductif avec détection par spectrométrie de massespectrométrie de masse à plasma induit par haute fréquence (ICP MS). L’essai interlaboratoire a été réalisé sur des produits alimentaires dont la teneur en arsenic est comprise entre 0,06 mg/kg et 21,5 mg/kg de matière sèche, dont la teneur en cadmium est comprise entre 0,03 mg/kg et 28,3 mg/kg de matière sèche, dont la teneur en mercure est comprise entre 0,04 mg/kg et 0,56 mg/kg de matière sèche, et en plomb entre 0,01 mg/kg et 2,4 mg/kg de matière sèche.
Živila - Določevanje elementov v sledovih - Določevanje arzena, živega srebra in svinca z masno spektrometrijo z induktivno sklopljeno plazmo (ICP-MS) pod pritiskom
Ta evropski standard določa metodo za določanje arzena, kadmija, živega srebra in svinca v živilih z masno spektrometrijo z induktivno sklopljeno plazmo (ICP-MS). Sodelovalna študija vključuje živila kot korenje, ribji homogenat, gobe (CRM), grahamova moka, simulirana dieta E (CRM), škampi, dagnje in Tort-2 CRM, ki imajo masni delež arzena v razponu od 0,06 mg/kg do 21,5 mg/kg suhe snovi (s. s.), kadmij v razponu od 0,03 mg/kg do 28,3 mg/kg s. s., živo srebro v razponu od 0,04 mg/kg do 0,56 mg/kg s. s. in svinca od 0.01 mg/kg do 2,4 mg/kg s. s.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.SULWLVNRPLebensmittel - Bestimmung von Elementspuren - Bestimmung von Arsen, Cadmium, Quecksilber und Blei in Lebensmitteln mit induktiv gekoppelter Plasma-Massenspektrometrie (ICP-MS) nach DruckaufschlussProduits alimentaires - Dosage des éléments traces - Dosage de l'arsenic, du cadmium, du mercure et du plomb par spectrométrie d'émission avec plasma induit par haute fréquence et spectromètre de masse (ICP-MS) après digestion sous pressionFoodstuffs - Determination of trace elements - Determination of arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead in foodstuffs by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after pressure digestion67.050Splošne preskusne in analizne metode za živilske proizvodeGeneral methods of tests and analysis for food productsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15763:2009SIST EN 15763:2010en,fr,de01-marec-2010SIST EN 15763:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 15763:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15763
December 2009 ICS 67.050 English Version
Foodstuffs - Determination of trace elements - Determination of arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead in foodstuffs by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after pressure digestion
Produits alimentaires - Dosage des éléments traces - Dosage de l'arsenic, du cadmium, du mercure et du plomb par spectrométrie d'émission avec plasma induit par haute fréquence et spectromètre de masse (ICP-MS) après digestion sous pression
Lebensmittel - Bestimmung von Elementspuren - Bestimmung von Arsen, Cadmium, Quecksilber und Blei in Lebensmitteln mit induktiv gekoppelter Plasma-Massenspektrometrie (ICP-MS) nach Druckaufschluss This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 November 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15763:2009: ESIST EN 15763:2010
EN 15763:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .31Scope .42Normative references .43Principle .44Reagents .45Apparatus and equipment .66Procedure .67Calculation . 108Analytical quality control . 119Limit of quantification . 1110Precision . 1111Test report . 13Annex A (informative)
Results of the collaborative test . 14Bibliography . 18 SIST EN 15763:2010
EN 15763:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15763:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 275 “Food analysis - Horizontal methods”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 15763:2010
EN 15763:2009 (E) 4
1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead in foodstuffs by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
The collaborative study included foodstuffs such as carrots, fish homogenate, Mushrooms (CRM), graham flour, a simulated diet E (CRM), scampi, mussel and a Tort-2 CRM having an arsenic mass fraction ranging from 0,06 mg/kg to 21,5 mg/kg dry matter (d. m.), cadmium ranging from 0,03 mg/kg to 28,3 mg/kg d. m., mercury ranging from 0,04 mg/kg to 0,56 mg/kg d. m. and lead from 0,01 mg/kg to 2,4 mg/kg d. m. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13805, Foodstuffs — Determination of trace elements — Pressure digestion 3 Principle
The test solution, obtained by pressure digestion, is nebulised and the aerosol transferred to a high frequency inductively coupled argon plasma. The high temperature of the plasma is used to dry the aerosol and to atomise and ionise the elements. The ions are extracted from the plasma by a set of sampler and skimmer cones and transferred to a mass spectrometer where the ions are separated by their mass/charge ratio and determined by a pulse-count and/or analogue detector. WARNING — The use of this method may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This method does not purport to address all the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this method to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4 Reagents
4.1 General
The concentration of the trace elements in the reagents and water used shall be low enough not to affect the results of the determination. Using a multielemental method of high sensitivity like ICP-MS, the control of the blank levels of water and acid is very important. Generally ultrapure water and acid of high purity, e.g. cleaned by sub boil distillation, are recommended. Special facilities should be used in order to avoid contamination during the steps of preparation and measurements (e.g. use of laminar flow benches or comparable clean room facilities). 4.2 Nitric acid
Mass fraction not less than w(HNO3) = 65 %, with a density of approximately 1,4 g/ml. SIST EN 15763:2010
EN 15763:2009 (E) 5 4.3 Element stock solutions
Commercially available single or multielemental standards with a mass concentration of ρ = 1 000 mg/l of As, Au, Cd, Hg, Lu, Rh and Pb are recommended. Such standards are available in suitable concentrations from different suppliers. Stock solutions in diluted nitric acid are preferred.
4.4 Diluted mercury stock solution, ρρρρ(Hg) = 10 mg/l
Pipette 1 ml of Hg stock solution of ρ(Hg) = 1 000 mg/l (4.3) and 1 ml of nitric acid (4.2) in a 100 ml volumetric flask and dilute with water to mark. 4.5 Diluted multi-element stock solution
The concentration levels of the elements in the diluted multi-element stock solution may be chosen in the relation to the type of samples analysed.
EXAMPLE ρ(As) = 20 mg/l, ρ(Cd), ρ(Pb) = 10 mg/l. Pipette 2 ml of As, 1 ml of Cd and Pb, respectively of each stock solution into a 100 ml volumetric flask , add 1 ml of nitric acid (4.2), dilute with water to the mark and transfer the solution into a suitable vessel. 4.6 Multi-element calibration solution
According to the example given under 4.5, the multi-element calibration solution contains: ρ = 100 µg/l As, ρ = 50 µg/l Cd, Hg, Pb. Pipette 0,5 ml diluted mercury stock solution (4.4) and 0,5
ml of the diluted multi-element stock solution (4.5) to a 100 ml volumetric flask, add 1 ml nitric acid (4.2), dilute with water to the mark and transfer the solution into a suitable vessel (PFA or quartz is recommended).
4.7 Internal standard solution
The internal standard solution contains Rhodium and Lutetium with a mass concentration of ρ = 1 000 mg/l. Gold is used to stabilise mercury in the solution and reduce memory effects. The internal standard/s should cover the mass range used for determination of the elements. Their concentrations in the test solutions should be negligible.
4.8 Diluted internal standard solution
The concentration of the diluted internal standard solution should be high enough to give sufficient signal intensity. For an internal standard solution of ρ(Au, Rh, Lu) = 5 mg/l, pipette 0,5 ml of Au, Rh and Lu internal standard solution (4.7) each into a 100 ml flask, add 1 ml of nitric acid (4.2), dilute to volume with water and transfer the solution into a suitable vessel. 4.9 Optimising solution
The optimising solution is used for check and optimising procedures during set up of the ICP-MS. It is used for mass calibration purposes and for adjustment of maximum sensitivity at low rates of oxides and doubly charged ions. The optimising solution should contain elements that cover the whole mass range giving a high rate of oxides and doubly charged ions. The solutions recommended by the manufacturer of the ICP-MS instrument may be used. A solution containing e.g. Y, Rh, Ce and Pb is suitable for those purposes. The concentration of these elements should be chosen in order to achieve a count rate of 10 000 to 100 000.
4.10
Blank solution
The blank solution contains water and the same amount of acid used in the calibration solution. SIST EN 15763:2010
EN 15763:2009 (E) 6 5 Apparatus and equipment
5.1 General
Stability of test and diluted stock solutions are greatly influenced by the material of which the storage vessel is made. For the determination of elements in trace or ultra trace concentrations vessels made of quartz or fluoropolymers (polytetrafluoroethylene – PTFE, perfluoroalkoxy – PFA) are highly recommended. Glass or polyvinylchloride (PVC) should not be used. Vessels made of other materials may be used as long as they do not affect the results. The vessels should be carefully cleaned and rinsed. 5.2 Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS)
Mass spectrometer with inductively coupled argon plasma operating in a mass range from 5 amu to 240 amu. Using routine settings the mass spectrometer shall be capable to resolve 1 amu peak width at 5 % peak height or better (resolution 300) and have a sensitivity to achieve the detection limits listed in Table 2. Mass spectrometers with additional reaction or collision cells may be used to reduce the influence of polyatomic ions. Sectorfield mass spectrometers that allow the separation of the polyatomic ions by the use of high resolution settings may also be used.
The ICP-MS, having a nebulising system with a low pulsion peristalic pump, should be equipped with a mass flow controller for the nebuliser gas.
5.3 Argon
Purity of at least 99,99 %. 6 Procedure
6.1 Sample pretreatment
Food samples are treated by a pressure digestion method according to EN 13805. The digested solution is diluted by water to a known volume (test solution). The concentration of nitric acid used in the calibration solutions should be similar to the final concentrations of nitric acid in the test solution. If hydrogen peroxide was added for the digestion, the calibration solutions need no addition of hydrogen peroxide.
6.2 ICP-MS
6.2.1 General The correlation between the concentration of the element and the count rate measured is linear over some orders of magnitude. Therefore linear calibration functions can be used. The concentration range of the linearity should be checked regularly for each element. ICP-MS instruments with dual-detector capabilities, having an extended linear range, additionally need a regular check of the cross calibration factor of the two detectors.
SIST EN 15763:2010
EN 15763:2009 (E) 7 6.2.2 ICP-MS settings Table 1 — Example of instrument settings for ICP-MS Parameter Setting RF-Power (W)
1 500
Carrier gas flow (l/min) 1,2
Plasma gas flow (l/min) 15
Auxiliary gas flow (l/min) 1,0
Spray chamber
Water cooled double pass
Spray chamber temperature (°C) 2
Lens voltage
4,5
Mass resolution
0,8
Integration time points/ms
3
Points per peak
3
Replicates
3
The instrument parameters described in the manufacturer's operating manual should be used. Generally, a plasma power of 1 100 W to 1 500 W should be chosen. By use of shorter or longer integration times on the isotope, the sensitivity may be influenced in some extend. Generally, three repeated measurements of each solution should be done. An example of instrument settings is given in Table 1. 6.2.3 Set up procedures for the ICP-MS Before starting routine measurements the following set up procedure should be run: The ICP-MS should warm up in full running mode for a minimum 20 min to 30 min. Mass resolution, mass calibration, sensitivity and stability of the system are checked by the use of a suitable optimising solution (4.9). With an optimising solution the ICP-MS is adjusted daily to achieve maximum ion signals and both low oxide rates (e.g. < 2 %) and low rates of doubly charged ions (e.g. < 2 %). If a collision or reaction cell instrument is used, the flow rate of the cell gas(es) should be optimised, in order to ensure sufficient reduction of polyatomic interferences. If a high resolution mass spectrometer is used, mass calibration and sensitivity shall be checked for every range of resolution used. Check the sample feed and washout times with respect to the length of the tubing. If large differences in concentration of the test solutions are expected, the sample feed and washout times should be prolonged. 6.3 Interferences 6.3.1 General Different types of interferences can influence the results obtained by ICP-MS measurements. Non-spectral interferences are caused by e.g. viscosity and the amount of matrix of the test solution. High amounts of salt can lead to deposition effects especially in the cone system. Generally the amount of salt in the test solution should not exceed 0,2 % (mass fraction). By the use of internal standards some of the non-spectral interference effects can be corrected for. Memory effects in the sample delivery system can influence the results of samples analysed after measurement of high concentrations. Especially high concentrations of Hg need prolonged washout times and control runs of blank solutions. In ICP-MS measurements spectral interferences (6.3.2, 6.3.3) are of high significance; most important ones are listed in Table 2. The detection limits vary from instrument to instrument and are influenced by the mass resolution of the instrument and e.g. matrix, working conditions and laboratory environment. The instrument used for ICP-MS determination should be capable to achieve the instrumental detection limits listed in Table 2 on the basis of pure standard solutions SIST EN 15763:2010
EN 15763:2009 (E) 8 and the instrument settings used for routine measurement. The calculation of the detection limit is based on 3 × standard deviation of the mean level in the blank solution. Table 2 — Recommended isotopes, instrumental detection limits and potential interferences
Element
Isotope
Instrumental detection limit µg/l
Interferences by isobaric or doubly charged ions Possible interferences
...
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