882/2004 - Regulation (EC) No 882/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 onofficial controls performed to ensure the verification of compliance with feed and food law, animal health and animal welfare rules

This part of ISO 23036 specifies a method that is applicable for the detection of Anisakidae L3 larvae commonly found in marine and anadromous fishes. The method can be applied to fresh fish and/or frozen fish, lightly processed fish products, such as marinated, salted or cold smoked.
This method allows quantifying parasitic infections by estimating the number of parasites in the fish musculature.
This method doesn’t allow determining species or genotype of detected parasites, which identification
is made by morphological and/or molecular methods

This part of ISO 23036 specifies a method that is applicable for the detection of Anisakidae L3 larvae commonly found in marine and anadromous fishes. The method can be applied to fresh fish and/or frozen fish, lightly processed fish products, such as marinated, salted or smoked, and it’s also suitable for visceral organs as confirmatory method for visual inspection scheme.
The artificial digestion method allows quantifying parasitic infections by estimating the number of parasites in the fish musculature and, when applied to fresh fish or lightly processed fish products (never frozen before processing), determining the viability of Anisakidae L3, which may be present.
This method doesn’t allow determining species or genotype of detected parasites, which identification is made by morphological and/or molecular methods.

This document specifies a procedure for the determination of the citrinin content in food (cereals, red yeast rice (RYR)), herbs and food supplements by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
This method has been validated for citrinin in red yeast rice and in the formulated food supplements in the range of 2,5 µg/kg to 3000 µg/kg and in wheat flour in the range of 2,5 µg/kg to 100 µg/kg.
Laboratory experiences have shown that this method is also applicable to white rice, herbs such as a powder of ginkgo biloba leaves and the formulated food supplements in the range of 2,5 µg/kg to 50 µg/kg.

This standard describes a method of Iodium-131, Caesium-134 and Caesium-137 massic activity (Bq/kg) determination in animal feed.
Today, the most commonly used method for identification and quantification of radioactivity from these radionuclides in feed samples is high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry. It is based on analysis of full-energy peaks (FEP) of the emitted gamma rays. Therefore, care should be taken to use appropriate energy and efficiency calibrations for each detector and test portion used.
In this standard, general guidance on the preparation of feed samples is provided together with specific information on high resolution gamma-ray spectrometry of the three radionuclides Iodium-131, Caesium-134 and Caesium-137. More information on these and related topics can be found in specific standards referred to in this document. For example, generic advice on the equipment selection, detectors and quality assurance for gamma-ray spectrometry can be found in ISO 20042:2016. The current standard aims to be complementary to existing standards, as an aid to laboratory practitioners that are faced with a situation, which requires response to the current topic without having to go through and interpret standards with general descriptions of gamma-ray spectrometry in order to measure in a standardised way. This standard contains information specific to the three radionuclides that it covers. Examples are provided in Annex …(to be added).

This document describes a method for the determination of the sum total of six ergot alkaloids (ergocornine, ergometrine, ergocristine, ergotamine, ergosine and ergocryptine) and their  inine epimer pairs by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) after clean-up by dispersive solid phase extraction (SPE).
The method has been validated for cereals and cereal-based food products.
The method has been validated in the range 13,2 µg/kg to 168 µg/kg for the sum of the twelve ergot alkaloids, in rye flour, rye bread and cereal products (breakfast cereal, infant breakfast cereal, and crispbread) that contained rye as an ingredient, as well as seeded wholemeal flour and a barley and rye flour mixture.
Method performance was satisfactory in the range 24,1 µg/kg to 168 µg/kg, however at lower concentrations RSDR values were greater than 44 %, and HorRat values exceeded 2,0, indicating the method may not be fully suitable at concentrations below 24 µg/kg for sum of ergot alkaloids, although it is suitable for screening at these concentrations. Method performance may be improved by inclusion of an isotopically labelled internal standard, but this was not available at the time of the method validation study.

This document deals with verification of methods for the detection and/or the enumeration of microorganisms, with particular emphasis on the implementation of a reference/alternative method in the user laboratory and verification of a reference/alternative method using items included in the scope of the method and tested routinely but not tested in the original validation study

This document describes a procedure for the determination of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 and total aflatoxins (sum of B1, B2, G1 and G2) in spices for which EU maximum levels are established, other than paprika, by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with post-column derivatization (PCD) and fluorescence detection (FLD) after immunoaffinity column clean-up.
The method is applicable to the spices capsicum, pepper, nutmeg, ginger, turmeric and mixtures thereof.
The method has been validated for aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 and total aflatoxins in a range of test samples that comprised: ginger, pepper, nutmeg, chilli, turmeric as individual spices and mixed pepper+chilli+nutmeg (90+5+5, m+m+m), mixed spice+ginger (6+4, m+m) mixed spice, mixed turmeric+ginger (2+8, m+m).
The validation was carried out over the following concentration ranges: aflatoxin B1 = 1 µg/kg to 16 µg/kg and total aflatoxins = 2,46 µg/kg to 36,1 µg/kg.

The proposed deliverable specifies an alternative technical protocol for the validation of mostly non-proprietary methods in the field of microbiological analysis of food, animal feed, and environmental and primary production stage samples.
It is closely related to ISO 16140-2. The latter specifies the technical protocol for the validation of proprietary methods, including a classical interlaboratory study and a method comparison study to be conducted in one laboratory. The realization of classical interlaboratory studies demands a sufficient number of participating laboratories (at least 8 laboratories are required). There are many occasions where a sufficient number of participating laboratories is not available (e.g. when a new method is required quickly after an outbreak of a new microorganism). In this case, the validation cannot be considered as reliable any longer.
The proposed deliverable uses a modified protocol based on orthogonal, factorial studies. By selection of suitable influencing factors (technician, nutrient media, sample preparation, temperature, duration) a high certainty of the determined method validation parameters is obtained, so that the number of required collaborating laboratories can be reduced up to a minimum of 4.
This validation protocol can be used in different ways. If the 4 collaborators can be considered a “random sample” of independent and competent laboratories and from different organizations, the test method can be considered as being validated in the sense that accurate and precise measurements are to be expected from any competent laboratory. If the 4 collaborators can be considered a “random sample” of independent and competent laboratories from one organization, the test method can be considered as being validated in the sense that accurate and precise measurements are to be expected from any competent laboratory in this organization.

The proposed deliverable specifies the procedure for single-laboratory validation of mainly non-proprietary methods in the fields of microbiological analysis of food, feed, and environmental and primary production stage samples. Single-laboratory validation is required if an interlaboratory validation according to ISO 16140-2 is not appropriate, e.g. for in-house methods or when the required number of participating laboratories is not available. Single-laboratory validation is not part of the optimization of methods. It can be applied only for methods that are fully specified with regard to all relevant parameters (including tolerances on temperatures and specifications on nutrient media).
The proposed deliverable describes two protocols for single-laboratory validation, a conventional protocol, and a factorial protocol. The conventional protocol is a stepwise procedure; both the study design and the performance measures are derived from ISO 16140-2. The performance measures of the factorial protocol are also derived from ISO 16140-2; however, it is using an orthogonal, factorial study design. By selection of suitable influencing factors (technician, nutrient media, sample preparation, temperature, duration) a high certainty of the determined method validation parameters is obtained, so that the number of required individual tests can be reduced by more than 50 %.

This method procedure describes a procedure for the determination of inorganic arsenic in animal feeding stuffs by anion-exchange HPLC-ICP-MS following water bath extraction.

This document specifies performance criteria for the selection of single-laboratory validated or collaborative study validated methods of analysis of mycotoxins in feed. The terms and definition of the relevant parameters for method validation are included. The performance requirements and characteristics are provided. This document could serve as a guide:
— to assess the quality of new European Standard methods under validation;
— to review the quality of previous collaborative trials;
— to confirm the extension of the scope of an already published European Standard applied to other analyte concentrations or matrices; or
— to evaluate the fitness-for-purpose of single-validated methods.
The performance criteria can apply to methods dedicated to the determination of mycotoxins.

This document specifies a liquid chromatographic method with triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS/MS) detection for the determination of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in feed materials and animal feed.
The limit of quantitation (LOQ) for the PCP determination in guar gum, fatty acid distillates (FAD) and animal feed is 10 µg/kg. Individual laboratories are responsible for ensuring that the equipment that they use will achieve this limit of quantification.
The method is validated in an international collaborative trial for pentachlorophenol in compound feed, guar gum and fatty acid distillate in the range between 9 µg/kg and 22 µg/kg.
The results of the collaborative trial, in which 16 laboratories participated, have shown that the method is applicable for the determination of PCP in compound feed, guar gum and FAD at the desired limit of 10 µg/kg. Satisfactory results were obtained for one compound feed sample, guar gum and the two FAD samples (HorRat <2), while for the second compound feed sample a HorRat value of 2,2 was obtained.

This document specifies a gas chromatographic method with electron capture detection (ECD) for the determination of organochlorine pesticides (OCP’s) in animal feeding stuffs.
The method is applicable to animal feeding stuffs with a water content up to about 20 % by weight and oil/fatty samples containing residues of one or more of the following OCP’s, toxaphene and some of their isomers and degradation products:
   aldrin;
   dieldrin;
   chlordane (as the sum of chlordane isomers and oxychlordane);
   dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) (as the sum of isomers op'-DDT, pp'-DDT, pp'-TDE (pp'-DDD), and pp'-DDE);
   endosulfan (as the sum of α-/β-isomers and endosulfan-sulphate);
   endrin (sum of endrin and delta-keto-endrin);
   heptachlor (as the sum of heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide);
   hexachlorobenzene (HCB);
   hexachlorocyclohexane isomers α-HCH (α-BHC), β-HCH (β-BHC), γ-HCH (γ-BHC or lindane);
   photo heptachlor;
   cis- and trans-nonachlor;
A limit of quantification (LOQ) for the mentioned OCPs of 5 ng/g should normally be obtained. However, 10 ng/g applies for heptachlor, aldrin, endrin, dieldrin, and endosulfan (α-/β-- and sulphate). Individual laboratories are responsible for ensuring that the equipment that they use, achieves these limits of quantifications. The LOQs apply to the individual OCPs.

This document specifies a gas chromatographic mass spectrometric (GC/MS) method for the determination of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in animal feeding stuffs and oil.
The method is applicable to animal feeding stuffs consisting of less than 20 % by mass and oil/fatty samples containing residues of one or more of the following OCPs and PCBs and some of their isomers and degradation products:
   aldrin;
   dieldrin;
   chlordane, as the sum of chlordane isomers and oxychlordane;
   dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), as the sum of isomers op'-DDT, pp'-DDT, pp'-TDE (pp'-DDD), and pp'-DDE;
   endosulfan, as the sum of α-/β-isomers and endosulfan-sulphate;
   endrin, as the sum of endrin and delta-keto-endrin;
   heptachlor, as the sum of heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide;
   hexachlorobenzene (HCB);
   hexachlorocyclohexane isomers α-HCH (α-BHC), β-HCH (β-BHC), γ-HCH (γ-BHC or lindane);
   photo heptachlor;
   cis- and trans-nonachlor;
   non dioxin-like PCBs (ndl-PCBs), as the sum of PCB 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180.
The method has been fully validated by a collaborative trial for the substances and corresponding ranges (ng/g) noted in Table 1.
The method has not been fully validated for oxychlordane, endrin ketone, cis- and trans-nonachlor and photo heptachlor in all matrices.
The method is not applicable to chlorocamphene (toxaphene), a complex mixture of polychlorinated camphenes. Chlorocamphene has a very distinctive chromatographic profile and is easily recognisable by GC/ECD. Positive identification of the toxaphene isomers can be performed by negative chemical ionisation mass spectrometry (NCI-MS), electron impact tandem mass spectrometry (EI MS × MS) or electron impact high resolution mass spectrometry (EI-HRMS), which is not within the scope of this method.
A limit of quantification (LOQ) for the mentioned organochlorine pesticides of 5 ng/g should normally be obtained. However, 10 ng/g applies for heptachlor aldrin, endrin, dieldrin, and endosulfan (α-, β- and sulphate). For the ndl-PCBs an LOQ of 0,5 to 1,0 ng/g should be obtained. The LOQs mentioned apply to the individual compounds (i.e. not the sum of two or more compounds). Individual laboratories are responsible for ensuring that the equipment that they used will achieve these LOQs. On customers' demand the standard may be applied to solely the analysis of PCBs or OCPs.

This document specifies a gas chromatographic method with electron capture detection (ECD) for the determination of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in compound feeds and oil and fats.
The method is applicable to animal compound feed, oils and fats and fish meals with a water content up to about 20 % by weight and oil/fatty samples containing residues of one or more of the following OCPs, toxaphene and some of their isomers and degradation products:
—   aldrin;
—   dieldrin;
—   dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) (the isomers op'-DDT, pp'-DDT, pp'-TDE (pp'-DDD), and pp'-DDE);
—   endosulfan (as the sum of α-/β-isomers);
—   endrin;
—   hexachlorobenzene (HCB);
—   hexachlorocyclohexane isomers α-HCH (α-BHC), β-HCH (β-BHC), γ-HCH (γ-BHC or lindane);
For the following OCPs, the method is considered a screening method. Additional in-house validation is required for reporting validated data.
—   chlordane (as the sum of chlordane isomers and oxychlordane);
—   endosulfan-sulphate;
—   delta-keto-endrin;
—   heptachlor (as the sum of heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide);
—   photo-heptachlor;
—   cis
—   and trans-nonachlor.
A limit of quantification (LOQ) for the mentioned OCPs of 5 µg/kg is intended to be obtained. However, 10 µg/kg applies for heptachlor, aldrin, endrin, dieldrin, and endosulfan (α-/β– and sulphate). Individual laboratories are responsible for ensuring that the equipment that they use, achieves these limits of quantifications. The LOQs apply to the individual OCPs.

This document specifies a gas chromatographic mass spectrometric (GC/MS) method for the determination of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in animal feeding stuffs and oil.
The method is applicable to animal feeding stuffs consisting of less than 20 % by mass and oil/fatty samples containing residues of one or more of the following OCPs and PCBs and some of their isomers and degradation products:
   aldrin;
   dieldrin;
   chlordane, as the sum of chlordane isomers and oxychlordane;
   dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), as the sum of isomers op'-DDT, pp'-DDT, pp'-TDE (pp'-DDD), and pp'-DDE;
   endosulfan, as the sum of α-/β-isomers and endosulfan-sulphate;
   endrin, as the sum of endrin and delta-keto-endrin;
   heptachlor, as the sum of heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide;
   hexachlorobenzene (HCB);
   hexachlorocyclohexane isomers α-HCH (α-BHC), β-HCH (β-BHC), γ-HCH (γ-BHC or lindane);
   photo heptachlor;
   cis- and trans-nonachlor;
   non dioxin-like PCBs (ndl-PCBs), as the sum of PCB 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180.
The method has been fully validated by a collaborative trial for the substances and corresponding ranges (ng/g) noted in Table 1.
The method has not been fully validated for oxychlordane, endrin ketone, cis- and trans-nonachlor and photo heptachlor in all matrices.
The method is not applicable to chlorocamphene (toxaphene), a complex mixture of polychlorinated camphenes. Chlorocamphene has a very distinctive chromatographic profile and is easily recognisable by GC/ECD. Positive identification of the toxaphene isomers can be performed by negative chemical ionisation mass spectrometry (NCI-MS), electron impact tandem mass spectrometry (EI MS × MS) or electron impact high resolution mass spectrometry (EI-HRMS), which is not within the scope of this method.
A limit of quantification (LOQ) for the mentioned organochlorine pesticides of 5 ng/g should normally be obtained. However, 10 ng/g applies for heptachlor aldrin, endrin, dieldrin, and endosulfan (α-, β- and sulphate). For the ndl-PCBs an LOQ of 0,5 to 1,0 ng/g should be obtained. The LOQs mentioned apply to the individual compounds (i.e. not the sum of two or more compounds). Individual laboratories are responsible for ensuring that the equipment that they used will achieve these LOQs. On customers' demand the standard may be applied to solely the analysis of PCBs or OCPs.

This document is applicable to the determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), (together termed ‘dioxins’ (PCDD/Fs)) and dioxin-like PCBs and non-dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs and ndl-PCBs) in animal feeding stuffs. Collaborative studies have been carried out. The method is suitable for the determination of dioxins, dl-PCBs and ndl-PCBs at the appropriate MRL in compound feed and ingredients e.g. oil, mineral clay. The method is applicable to samples containing trace level amounts of one or more dioxins, dioxin-like PCBs and non-dioxin-likePCBs. The limit of quantification (LOQ) is
-   0,05 pg/g (OCDD/F = 0,1 pg/g) for the relevant individual congeners of dioxins/furans,
-   0,05 pg/g for non-ortho PCBs,
-   10 pg/g for mono-ortho PCBs, and
-   100 pg/g for non-dioxin-like-PCBs.
For determination of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs, the procedure can be used as confirmatory method as defined by Commission Regulation (EC) No 152/2009 for dioxins and dl-PCB in feed [1]. Confirmatory methods as described in this standard are high-resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) methods. If only the analysis of non-dioxin-like PCBs is required, a GC-LRMS method can be used (e.g. EN 15741 [2]) provided that appropriate analytical performance criteria are met in the relevant range for the matrix of interest.
This document is split into four modules. Each module describes a part of the whole procedure (see Figure 1 and Figure 2) to be followed:
a)   Module A:   Description of standards which might be used;
b)   Module B:   Description of extraction procedures;
c)   Module C:   Description of clean-up procedures;
d)   Module D:    GC/HRMS determination.
Each module describes a part of the whole method as well as, when applicable, alternatives which should be equivalent. Each module has to be regarded as an example. Combining modules and/or alternatives gives a highly flexible, "performance based" procedure. It is permitted to modify the method if all performance criteria laid down in Commission Regulation (EC) No 152/2009 [1] are met.
Any deviation of the described method, combination of modules needs to be recorded as part of the QA/QC procedures of accredited laboratories and should be available on request.
Figure 1 - Flow scheme for the determination of dioxins, dl-PCBs and non-dioxin-like-PCBs in feed
Figure 2 - Flow scheme for the determination of dioxins, dl-PCBs and non-dioxin-like-PCBs in oil and fat

This document describes a procedure for the determination of ochratoxin A (OTA) in chilli, paprika, black and white pepper, nutmeg, spice mix, liquorice (root and extracts), cocoa and cocoa products by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with immunoaffinity column clean-up and fluorescence detection.
This method has been validated in interlaboratory studies via the analysis of both naturally contaminated and spiked samples ranging from 1,0 μg/kg to 84,9 μg/kg for spices (paprika and chili [5], black and white pepper, nutmeg and spice mix [6]), ranging from 7,7 μg/kg to 96,8 μg/kg for liquorice [7] and ranging from 2,1 μg/kg to 26,3 μg/kg for cocoa and cocoa products [6].
For further information on the validation see clause 9 and Annex B.

This document describes a procedure for the determination of phomopsins in lupin seeds and lupin-derived products based on liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Several phomopsins exist, i.e. phomopsin A, B, C and D, but the method only deals with the quantitative measurement of phomopsin A due to lack of commercially available analytical reference standards for the other phomopsins.
The method has been validated for phomopsin A in naturally contaminated lupin seeds, lupin flour and crisp bread at levels ranging from approximately 5 µg/kg to 60 µg/kg.

This document describes a procedure for the determination of ochratoxin A (OTA) in pork products specifically ham, pork based products (canned chopped pork) and pork liver using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD).
The method has been validated for ochratoxin A with naturally contaminated ham, pork based products (canned chopped pork) and pork liver containing 0,5 μg/kg to 11 μg/kg [4, 5, 6].
Laboratory experiences have shown that this method is also applicable to pâté and kidney [4].

This document specifies a procedure for the determination of ochratoxin A (OTA) in chilli, paprika, black and white pepper, nutmeg, spice mix, liquorice (root and extracts), cocoa and cocoa products by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with immunoaffinity column clean-up and fluorescence detection (FLD).
This method has been validated in interlaboratory studies via the analysis of both naturally contaminated and spiked samples ranging from 1,0 μg/kg to 84,9 μg/kg for spices (paprika and chili [5], black and white pepper, nutmeg and spice mix [6]), ranging from 7,7 μg/kg to 96,8 μg/kg for liquorice and liquorice products [7] and ranging from 2,1 μg/kg to 26,3 μg/kg for cocoa and cocoa products [6].
For further information on the validation, see Clause 10 and Annex B.

This document describes a procedure for the determination of ochratoxin A (OTA) in pork products specifically ham, pork-based products (canned chopped pork) and pork liver using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD).
The method has been validated for ochratoxin A in naturally contaminated ham, pork based products (canned chopped pork) and pork liver containing 0,5 μg/kg to 11 μg/kg [4], [5], [6].
Laboratory experiences have shown that this method is also applicable to pâté and kidney [4].

This part of ISO 16140 specifies the general principle and the technical protocol for the validation of alternative, mostly proprietary, confirmation methods in the field of microbiological analysis of food, animal feed, and environmental and primary production stage samples. This procedure is limited to the validation of alternative (proprietary) confirmation methods that are intended to replace (partly or completely) the confirmatory procedure described in the standard method for the enumeration or detection of specific (group of) microorganisms. The "sample" to be used for confirmation shall be a suspected colony that has been obtained following the reference or alternative culture method procedure. It is however not intended for confirmation using a (pure) colony from an unknown origin. Validation studies according to this standard are intended to be performed by organizations involved in method validation.

This document specifies a procedure for the determination of phomopsin A in lupin seeds and lupin-derived products based on liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Several phomopsins exist, i.e. phomopsin A, B, C and D, but the method only deals with the quantitative measurement of phomopsin A due to lack of commercially available analytical reference standards for the other phomopsins.
The method has been validated for phomopsin A in naturally contaminated lupin seeds, lupin flour and crisp bread at levels ranging from approximately 5 µg/kg to 60 µg/kg

This document is applicable to the determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), (together termed ‘dioxins’ (PCDD/Fs)) and dioxin-like PCBs and non-dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs and ndl-PCBs) in animal feeding stuffs. Collaborative studies have been carried out. The method is suitable for the determination of dioxins, dl-PCBs and ndl-PCBs at the appropriate MRL in compound feed and ingredients e.g. oil, mineral clay. The method is applicable to samples containing trace level amounts of one or more dioxins, dioxin-like PCBs and non-dioxin-likePCBs. The limit of quantification (LOQ) is
-   0,05 pg/g (OCDD/F = 0,1 pg/g) for the relevant individual congeners of dioxins/furans,
-   0,05 pg/g for non-ortho PCBs,
-   10 pg/g for mono-ortho PCBs, and
-   100 pg/g for non-dioxin-like-PCBs.
For determination of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs, the procedure can be used as confirmatory method as defined by Commission Regulation (EC) No 152/2009 for dioxins and dl-PCB in feed [1]. Confirmatory methods as described in this standard are high-resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) methods. If only the analysis of non-dioxin-like PCBs is required, a GC-LRMS method can be used (e.g. EN 15741 [2]) provided that appropriate analytical performance criteria are met in the relevant range for the matrix of interest.
This document is split into four modules. Each module describes a part of the whole procedure (see Figure 1 and Figure 2) to be followed:
a)   Module A:   Description of standards which might be used;
b)   Module B:   Description of extraction procedures;
c)   Module C:   Description of clean-up procedures;
d)   Module D:    GC/HRMS determination.
Each module describes a part of the whole method as well as, when applicable, alternatives which should be equivalent. Each module has to be regarded as an example. Combining modules and/or alternatives gives a highly flexible, "performance based" procedure. It is permitted to modify the method if all performance criteria laid down in Commission Regulation (EC) No 152/2009 [1] are met.
Any deviation of the described method, combination of modules needs to be recorded as part of the QA/QC procedures of accredited laboratories and should be available on request.
Figure 1 - Flow scheme for the determination of dioxins, dl-PCBs and non-dioxin-like-PCBs in feed
Figure 2 - Flow scheme for the determination of dioxins, dl-PCBs and non-dioxin-like-PCBs in oil and fat

ISO 18862:2016 specifies methods for the determination of acrylamide in coffee and coffee products by extraction with water, clean-up by solid-phase extraction and determination by HPLC-MS/MS and GC-MS. It was validated in a method validation study on roasted coffee, soluble coffee, coffee substitutes and coffee products with ranges from 53 μg/kg to 612,1 μg/kg.

This International Standard gives requirements and guidance for the estimation and expression of measurement
uncertainty (MU) associated with quantitative results in microbiology of the food chain.
It is applicable to the quantitative analysis
 of products intended for human consumption or the feeding of animals, and
 of environmental samples in the area of food production and food handling,
 of samples at the stage of primary production.
The quantitative analysis is typically carried out by enumeration of microorganisms using a colony-count technique. It is
also generally applicable to other quantitative analyses, including Most Probable Number (MPN) techniques and
instrumental methods.
The uncertainty estimated by this International Standard does not include systematic effects (“trueness” or “bias”).

This document describes a method for the determination of organomercury in seafood/fishery products by elemental mercury analysis. The method has been successfully valideted in an interlaboratory study with a working range from 0,013 mg/kg to 5,12 mg/kg (HORRAT values <2) in seafood/fishery products [1], [2]. The limit of quantification is approximately 0,010 mg/kg organomercury (referring to dry weight, expressed as mercury) [3], [4].
Organic species of mercury, other than monomethylmercury, are also extracted and thus determined with this method. However, in seafood/fishery products the contribution from organic species of mercury other than monomethylmercury is negligible.

This European Standard method of analysis is applicable for the determination of Deoxynivalenol (DON) in the tested range of 96,2 µg/kg to 3 269 µg/kg, Aflatoxin B1 (AfB1) in the tested range of 2,62 µg/kg to 444 µg/kg, Fumonisin B1 (FB1) in the tested range of 693 µg/kg to 7 529 µg/kg, Fumonisin B2 (FB2) in the tested range of 203 µg/kg to 2 465 µg/kg, T-2 toxin in the tested range of 7,47 µg/kg to 360 µg/kg and HT-2 toxin in the tested range of 13,9 µg/kg to 1 758 µg/kg, Zearalenone (ZON) in the tested range of 34,3 µg/kg to 593 µg/kg and Ochratoxin A (OTA) in the tested range of 10,8 µg/kg to 228 µg/kg in cereals and cereal-based compound feed by liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The actual working ranges may extend beyond the tested ranges.

This document method is applicable for the determination of theobromine in compound feed by liquid chromatography with UV detection in the tested range of 27 to 307 mg/kg. This method has been validated using complementary compound feed for adult dogs and complementary compound feedstuff for horses. The actual working range may extend beyond the tested range. Alternative chromatography conditions using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) are also provided for the validated range of 49 to 307 mg/kg. This method has also been shown to be fit for purpose for the determination of theobromine in baking chocolate by both HPLC-UV and LC-MS/MS.

This document specifies the general principle and the technical protocol for the validation of alternative confirmation methods for microbiology in the food chain. This document compares the result of the alternative confirmation method against the confirmation procedure of a reference method or, if needed, a reference confirmation method (e.g. whole genome sequencing).
This document is applicable to the validation of alternative confirmation methods used for the analysis (detection or quantification) of isolated microorganisms in:
— products intended for human consumption;
— products intended for animal feeding;
— environmental samples in the area of food and feed production, handling;
— samples from the primary production stage.
Validated alternative confirmation methods can be used to replace (partly or completely) the confirmation procedure described in:
— the reference method;
— an alternative method validated in accordance with ISO 16140-2 only if one of the isolation agars specified in the validation study of the alternative confirmation method is used.
This document is also applicable to the validation of alternative typing methods, where the reference method can be, for example, a serological method (e.g. serotyping of Salmonella) or a molecular method (e.g. typing of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli).
This document is, in particular, applicable to bacteria and fungi. Some clauses can be applicable to other (micro)organisms, to be determined on a case-by-case basis.
Validation studies in accordance with this document are primarily intended to be performed by organizations or expert laboratories involved in method validation, but can also be used by a single laboratory, especially when performing in-house validation under certain conditions (see ISO 16140-4).

This document specifies requirements and gives guidance for the estimation and expression of measurement uncertainty (MU) associated with quantitative results in microbiology of the food chain.
It is applicable to the quantitative analysis of:
— products intended for human consumption or the feeding of animals;
— environmental samples in the area of food production and food handling;
— samples at the stage of primary production.
The quantitative analysis is typically carried out by enumeration of microorganisms using a colony-count technique. This document is also generally applicable to other quantitative analyses, including:
— most probable number (MPN) techniques;
— instrumental methods, such as impediometry, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and flow cytometry;
— molecular methods, such as methods based on quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
The uncertainty estimated by this document does not include systematic effects (bias).

This document describes a method for the determination of individual ergot alkaloids and tropane alkaloids in unprocessed cereals and cereal-based compound feeds by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The ergot alkaloids covered in this method are: ergocornine, ergocorninine, ergocristine, ergocristinine, α-ergocryptine, α-ergocryptinine, ergometrine, ergometrinine, ergosine, ergosinine, ergotamine and ergotaminine. The tropane alkaloids covered in this method are: atropine (hyoscyamine) and scopolamine. The limit of quantification for all compounds should be at least 10 µg/kg.
This method has been in-house validated in the range 10 - 500 µg/kg for individual alkaloids. The detection of concentrations above 500 µg/kg is possible via dilution of the sample extract, but this has not been validated.

This document specifies minimum method performance requirements for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays that quantify non-fragmented or fragmented gluten from wheat (e.g. Triticum aestivum), rye, and barley in raw and processed foodstuffs..

This document describes a screening method for the determination of aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol, fumonisin B1 and B2, ochratoxin A, HT-2 and T-2 toxins, and zearalenone in foodstuffs by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS).
The aim of the screening method is to test compliance of foodstuff with regulatory limits or to determine whether a certain pre-defined level (the screening target concentration, STC) is exceeded or not. The result of the screening is either "negative" or "suspect". "Negative" (screen negative) means that the targeted mycotoxins are not detected or potentially present but below the STC. "Suspect" (screen positive) means that the established cut-off level is exceeded and the sample can contain one or more mycotoxins at a level higher than the STC.
For full identification and accurate quantification a second confirmatory quantitative analysis method is required which is outside the scope of this document.
The method is suitable for various types of foodstuff and has been validated for representative matrices from four commodity groups:
-   high starch and/or protein content and low water and fat content: wheat, cereal mixture, wheat flour and cornflakes;
-   high oil content: peanuts;
-   high sugar low water content: figs;
-   high water content: grape juice.
During validation, cut-off levels were established for the following screening target concentrations:
-   aflatoxin B1: 2 µg/kg to 5 µg/kg;
-   deoxynivalenol: 250 µg/kg to 865 µg/kg;
-   fumonisin B1: 200 µg/kg to 790 µg/kg;
-   fumonisin B2: 110 µg/kg to 230 µg/kg;
-   ochratoxin A: 4 µg/kg to 9 µg/kg;
-   T-2 toxin: 25 µg/kg;
-   HT-2 toxin: 25 µg/kg to 50 µg/kg;
-   zearalenone: 30 µg/kg to 100 µg/kg.

This document specifies a method for the detection of celery (Apium graveolens) in emulsion-type sausages (e.g. Frankfurter, Wiener).
Real-time PCR detection of celery is based on an 101 bp (base pair) sequence from the gene of the mannitol dehydrogenase (GenBank Acc. No. AF067082 ) of celery (Apium graveolens).
The method has been validated on emulsion-type sausages (Bavarian “Leberkäse”) spiked with celery. For this purpose meat batter containing mass fractions of 50 % pork meat, 25 % pork fat, 23 % crushed ice and 1,8 % of a mixture of sodium chloride, nitrite, nitrate, phosphates and ascorbates was prepared according to a standard procedure for emulsion-type sausage. The meat batter was spiked with either ground celery seeds or celery root powder to 1000 mg/kg. Lower spiking levels were obtained by diluting with celery-free meat batter. The batter was stuffed into casings and heated at 65 °C for 60 min [2].

This document provides an overall framework covering qualitative and quantitative methods for the determination of food allergens and allergenic ingredients using antibody-based methods in foods. This European Standard specifies general guidelines and performance criteria for antibody-based methods for the detection and quantification of proteins that serve as markers for the presence of allergy provoking foods or food ingredients. Other methods than those described can also detect and identify the proteins. Guidelines, minimum requirements and performance criteria laid down in this European Standard are intended to ensure that comparable and reproducible results are obtained by different analysts in food premises and laboratories.

This document provides the overall framework for detection of sequences corresponding to species containing allergens using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It relates to the requirements for the specific amplification of target nucleic acid sequences (DNA) and for the confirmation of the identity of the amplified nucleic acid sequence.
Guidelines, minimum requirements and performance criteria laid down in this document are intended to ensure that comparable and reproducible results are obtained in different laboratories. This document has been established for food matrices.

This document describes a procedure for the determination of nivalenol (NIV), deoxynivalenol (DON) and its acetyl derivatives (3-acetyl-DON and 15-acetyl-DON), HT-2 and T-2 toxins (HT-2, T-2) and zearalenone (ZEA) in cereals and cereal products by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) after cleanup by solid phase extraction (SPE).
The method has been validated with both contaminated and spiked samples of wheat, wheat flour, and wheat crackers.
Validation levels for NIV ranged from 27,7μg/kg to 377,8 μg/kg.
Validation levels for DON ranged from 233,9μg/kg to 2420,0 μg/kg.
Validation levels for 3-acetyl-DON ranged from 18,5μg/kg to 136,5 μg/kg.
Validation levels for 15-acetyl-DON ranged from 11,4μg/kg to 141,8 μg/kg.
Validation levels for HT-2 ranged from 6,6 μg/kg to 133,8 μg/kg.
Validation levels for T-2 ranged from 2,1 μg/kg to 37,6 μg/kg.
Validation levels for ZEA ranged from 31,6μg/kg to 229,7 μg/kg
Laboratory experiences have shown that this method is also applicable to barley and oat flour, and rye based crackers [5], however, this has not been validated in a collaborative study.

This document specifies how to use the standards for immunoassays, nucleic based and chromatographic methods and their relationship in the analysis of food allergens; and contains general definitions, requirements and guidelines for laboratory set-up, method validation requirements, description of methods, and test reports.
This document also specifies general guidelines for the requirements and use of reference materials for the determination of allergenic commodities in food products. The term "reference materials" in this document includes certified reference materials as well as quality control materials. Currently only a limited number of reference materials for food allergen determination are available. As new materials become accepted and validated, they can be appended as an annex to this document.
This document does not deal with sampling issues. It simply details processes involved from receipt of the laboratory sample to the end result.

This document gives guidance to those involved in designing, executing and evaluating interlaboratory comparison studies for multi-analyte methods of analysis, developed by CEN/TC 327 “Animal feeding stuffs: Methods of sampling and analysis” and its working groups.
For the validation of multi-analyte methods their particularities must be considered which might necessitate deviations from the prescribed validation protocols. This study provides information whether the method is fit for its purpose and which performance can be expected in practical work while at the same time keeping the necessary effort for the study organizer and the participating laboratories minimal.
Next to the abovementioned aspects regarding interlaboratory comparison studies, this document also gives guidance on the preceding steps, viz. in-house validation and preparation of the method protocol. Guidance is also given on the transferability of the method protocol and the familiarization with the method protocol through a training study, elements that – depending on the specific method – could be included in the design of the study.

This document describes a method for the determination of organomercury in seafood/fishery products by elemental mercury analysis. The method has been successfully valideted in an interlaboratory study with a working range from 0,013 mg/kg to 5,12 mg/kg (HORRAT values <2) in seafood/fishery products [1], [2]. The limit of quantification is approximately 0,010 mg/kg organomercury (referring to dry weight, expressed as mercury) [3], [4].
Organic species of mercury, other than monomethylmercury, are also extracted and thus determined with this method. However, in seafood/fishery products the contribution from organic species of mercury other than monomethylmercury is negligible.

This document's method of analysis is applicable for the determination of:
-   deoxynivalenol (DON) in the tested range of 100 µg/kg to 3 300 µg/kg,
-   aflatoxin B1 (AfB1) in the tested range of 2,5 µg/kg to 440 µg/kg,
-   fumonisin B1 (FB1) in the tested range of 690 µg/kg to 7 500 µg/kg,
-   fumonisin B2 (FB2) in the tested range of 200 µg/kg to 2 500 µg/kg,
-   T-2 toxin in the tested range of 7,5 µg/kg to 360 µg/kg,
-   HT-2 toxin in the tested range of 14 µg/kg to 1 800 µg/kg,
-   zearalenone (ZEN) in the tested range of 30 µg/kg to 600 µg/kg, and
-   ochratoxin A (OTA) in the tested range of 10 µg/kg to 230 µg/kg
in cereals and cereal-based compound feed by liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The actual working ranges could extend beyond the tested ranges.

ISO 18862:2016 specifies methods for the determination of acrylamide in coffee and coffee products by extraction with water, clean-up by solid-phase extraction and determination by HPLC-MS/MS and GC-MS. It was validated in a method validation study on roasted coffee, soluble coffee, coffee substitutes and coffee products with ranges from 53 μg/kg to 612,1 μg/kg.

This document method is applicable for the determination of theobromine in compound feed by liquid chromatography with UV detection in the tested range of 27 to 307 mg/kg. This method has been validated using complementary compound feed for adult dogs and complementary compound feedstuff for horses. The actual working range may extend beyond the tested range. Alternative chromatography conditions using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) are also provided for the validated range of 49 to 307 mg/kg. This method has also been shown to be fit for purpose for the determination of theobromine in baking chocolate by both HPLC-UV and LC-MS/MS.

This Technical Specification gives guidelines for the execution of calibration and quantitative evaluation of chromatographic procedures for the determination of pesticides and organic contaminants in residue analysis. In addition, the essential requirements for calibration are outlined.
The calibration of analytical procedures and the evaluation of analytical results need to be conducted according to uniform principles in order to allow for a comparison of analytical results (even from different analytical procedures). They constitute the basis of any method validation and of the quality assurance within laboratories [1], [2], [3].
This Technical Specification does not consider issues of identification/qualification and extraction efficiency.

This document specifies a method for the determination of aluminium in food by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after pressure digestion. This method is suitable for mass fractions in the range of 1 mg/kg to 200 mg/kg. At concentrations above 200 mg/kg digestion temperatures higher than 220 °C can be necessary to recover the aluminium as completely as possible.

This Technical Specification describes a method for the analysis of pesticide residues in fatty oils of plant origin (essential oils are excluded). It has been validated in an interlaboratory test with olive oil. However, laboratory experiences have shown that this method is also applicable to other kinds of oils such as sunflower seed oil, sesame oil, flax seed oil, rape seed oil, grape seed oil, thistle oil and pumpkin seed oil.

This document describes a method for the determination of aluminium in food by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) after pressure digestion. This method is suitable for mass fraction in the range of 15 mg/kg to 200 mg/kg. At concentrations above 200 mg/kg digestion temperatures higher than 220 °C can be necessary to recover the aluminium as completely as possible.

This document specifies a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) mass spectrometric (MS) method for screening and quantification of melamine in the concentration range between < 1 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg feed.
The method is validated in an international collaborative trial for melamine in complete feed, complementary feed, feed material, milk replacer and pet food including canned pet food in the range between 1 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg with particular regard to the by the European Commission established maximum level of 2,5 mg/kg.
Laboratory experiences have shown that the method is also applicable for cyanuric acid in the same concentration range in complete feed (n=7), complementary feed (n=6), feed material (n=7, resp. 9), milk replacer (n=7) and pet food (n=7) including canned pet food.
Since the LC-MS/MS sensitivity for cyanuric acid is substantially lower than for melamine it has to be ensured that the LC-MS/MS system is in excellent working order. The method is applicable to feeding stuffs but not tested for pre-mixtures and feed additives.
Quantification of concentrations above 100 mg/kg is possible, but the method has to be validated by the operator.