SIST EN 474-4:2007
(Main)Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 4: Requirements for backhoe loaders
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 4: Requirements for backhoe loaders
This part of prEN 474 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to wheel and crawler backhoe loaders as defined in EN ISO 6165:2002, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This part also deals with fork application, object handling application and log handling.
The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requirements formulated in part 1.
This does not repeat the requirements from part 1, but adds or replaces the requirements for application for backhoe loaders.
This part specifies the appropriate technical measures to eliminate or reduce risks arising from the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events during commissioning, operation and maintenance of backhoe loaders.
This European Standard is not applicable to machinery manufactured before the date of publication of this European Standard by CEN.
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 4: Anforderungen an Baggerlader
Diese Europäische Norm muß zusammen mit prEN 474-1:2001-Erdbaumaschinen-Sicherheit-Teil1: Allgemeine Anforderungen, in dem die allgemeinen Anforderungen für Erdbaumaschinen beschrieben sind, angewendet werden.
Diese Norm legt zusätzliche Anforderungen und/ oder Abweichungen zu /von prEN 474-1:2001 fest.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Bagger-Lader auf Kettenlaufwerk und auf Rädern wie sie in
EN ISO 6165:1999 definiert sind, und beinhaltet zusätzliche Anforderungen für artverwandte Maschinen.
Diese europäische Norm behandelt die signifikanten artspezifischen Gefährdungen, die von Bagger-Lader ausgehen, wenn sie bestimmungsgemäß entsprechend den Empfehlungen des Herstellers verwendet werden. (siehe Anhang A und Anhang A von prEN 474-1:2001) Diese europäische Norm beschreibt die angemessenen Maßnahmen um das Risiko, welches von den signifikanten artspezifischen Gefährdungen ausgeht, zu beseitigen oder zu reduzieren.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Bagger-Lader, die nach dem Ausgabedatum der Norm hergestellt wurden.
Engins de terassement - Sécurité - Partie 4: Prescriptions applicables aux chargeuses-pelleteuses
La présente partie de l’EN 474 traite de tous les phénomenes, situations et événements dangereux significatifs relatifs aux chargeuses-pelleteuses sur roues ou sur chenilles définies dans l’EN ISO 6165:2006, lorsqu’elles sont utilisées comme prévu ou dans des conditions de mauvais usage que le fabricant peut raisonnablement prévoir (voir Article 4).
La présente partie traite également de l’utilisation avec fourches, en manutention d’objets et en manutention de grumes.
Les prescriptions figurant dans la présente partie viennent en complément des prescriptions communes présentées dans l’EN 474-1:2006.
La présente partie ne répete pas les prescriptions de l’EN 474-1:2006 mais en ajoute ou en remplace certaines applicables aux chargeuses-pelleteuses.
La présente partie prescrit les mesures techniques appropriées pour éliminer ou réduire les risques dus aux phénomenes, situations et événements dangereux significatifs survenant lors de la mise en service, du fonctionnement et de la maintenance des chargeuses-pelleteuses.
La présente Norme européenne n’est pas applicable aux engins fabriqués avant la publication de la présente Norme européenne par le CEN.
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 4. del: Zahteve za bagre
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 474-4:2007
01-maj-2007
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 474-4:2000
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 4. del: Zahteve za bagre
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 4: Requirements for backhoe loaders
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 4: Anforderungen an Baggerlader
Engins de terassement - Sécurité - Partie 4: Prescriptions applicables aux chargeuses-
pelleteuses
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 474-4:2006
ICS:
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
SIST EN 474-4:2007 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 474-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2006
ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN 474-4:1996
English Version
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 4: Requirements for
backhoe loaders
Engins de terassement - Sécurité - Partie 4: Exigences Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 4: Anforderungen an
applicables aux chargeuses-pelleteuses Baggerlader
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 April 2006.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 474-4:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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EN 474-4:2006 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 List of additional significant hazards .6
5 Safety requirements and/or measures .6
6 Information for use .13
Annex A (normative) List of additional significant hazards – Backhoe loaders.14
Annex B (normative) Test method for backhoe loader lift capacity at the backhoe portion.16
Annex C (informative) Illustrations.19
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC .21
Bibliography .22
Figures
Figure 1 — Deflection-limiting volume (DLV), front view . 7
Figure 2 — Load centre distance . 10
Figure C.1 — Wheel backhoe loader. 19
Figure C.2 — Compact wheel backhoe loader. 19
Figure C.3 — Crawler backhoe loader. 20
Figure C.4 — Backhoe loader with pole erecting attachment. 20
Figure C.5 — Backhoe loader with earth drill . 20
Tables
Table 1 — Stability factors in fork application. 9
Table 2 — Load centre distance. 10
Table 3 — Stability factors in log handling . 10
Table A.1 — List of additional significant hazards. 14
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EN 474-4:2006 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 474-4:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction
equipment and building material machines — Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by November 2008.
This European Standard supersedes EN 474-4:1996.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive.
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
For bibliographic references, see EN 474-1:2006.
EN 474 "Earth-moving machinery — Safety" comprises the following parts:
Part 1: General requirements
Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers
Part 3: Requirements for loaders
Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders
Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
Part 6: Requirements for dumpers
Part 7: Requirements for scrapers
Part 8: Requirements for graders
Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers
Part 10: Requirements for trenchers
Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors
Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
This European Standard is intended for use in combination with Part 1 of the series.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
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EN 474-4:2006 (E)
Introduction
This part of EN 474 is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1:2003.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this European Standard.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the
provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines
that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
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EN 474-4:2006 (E)
1 Scope
This part of EN 474 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to wheel and
crawler backhoe loaders as defined in EN ISO 6165:2006, when they are used as intended and under
conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This part also deals with fork application, object handling application and log handling.
The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requirements formulated in EN 474-1:2006.
This does not repeat the requirements from EN 474-1:2006, but adds or replaces the requirements for
application for backhoe loaders.
This part specifies the appropriate technical measures to eliminate or reduce risks arising from the significant
hazards, hazardous situations and events during commissioning, operation and maintenance of backhoe
loaders.
This European Standard is not applicable to machinery manufactured before the date of publication of this
European Standard by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 474-1:2006, Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements
EN ISO 3164:1999, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory evaluations of protective structures —
Specifications for deflection-limiting volume (ISO 3164:1995)
EN ISO 6682:1995, Earth-moving machinery — Zones of comfort and reach for controls (ISO 6682:1986
including Amendment 1:1989)
EN ISO 7096:2000, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration
(ISO 7096:2000)
EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003)
ISO 2330:2002, Fork-lift trucks — Fork arms — Technical characteristics and testing
ISO 6016:1998, Earth-moving machinery — Methods of measuring the masses of whole machines, their
equipment and components
ISO 7451:1997, Earth-moving machinery — Volumetric ratings for hydraulic excavator buckets and backhoe
loader buckets.
ISO 7546:1993, Earth-moving machinery — Loader and front loading excavator buckets — Volumetric ratings
ISO 8643:1997, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavator and backhoe loader boom-lowering control
device — Requirements and tests
ISO 9248:1992, Earth-moving machinery — Units for dimensions, performance and capacities, and their
measurement accuracies
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EN 474-4:2006 (E)
ISO 14397-1:2002, Earth-moving machinery — Loaders and backhoe loaders — Part 1: Calculation of rated
operating capacity and test method for verifying calculated tipping load
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 474-1:2006,
EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply.
NOTE 1 Terminology for backhoe loaders is specified in ISO 8812:1999 and most common backhoe loaders are
illustrated in Annex C of this European Standard.
NOTE 2 Definitions used in EN and ISO standards referred to in this European Standard are also valid for this
document.
3.1
backhoe loader
self-propelled crawler or wheeled machine having a main frame designed to carry both front-mounted
equipment and rear-mounted backhoe equipment, normally with stabilisers or outriggers (see
EN ISO 6165:2006)
NOTE 1 When used in backhoe mode, the machine is stationary and normally digs below ground level, but when used
in loader mode (bucket use), the machine loads through forward motion.
NOTE 2 A backhoe work cycle normally comprises excavating, elevating, swinging and discharging material. A loader
work cycle normally comprises filling, elevating, transporting and discharging material.
3.2
compact backhoe loader
backhoe loader with an operating mass (see ISO 6016:1998) of 4 500 kg or less, designed to work in confined
spaces with the associated needs for greater manoeuvrability
4 List of additional significant hazards
See Annex A.
NOTE Annex A (normative) contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are
dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which
require action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
5 Safety requirements and/or measures
5.1 General
Backhoe loaders shall comply with the requirements of EN 474-1:2006, as far as not modified or replaced by
the requirements of this part.
5.2 Protection
5.2.1 Roll-over protective structures (ROPS)
EN 474-1:2006, 5.3.3 applies with the following addition for compact backhoe loaders:
The portion of deflection-limiting volume (DLV) above the LA (SIP) line according to EN ISO 3164:1999 is
°
allowed to deviate (lean) up to 15 laterally as shown in Figure 1, when the minimum energy requirement is
met. Portion below the LA (SIP) line of DLV can be disregarded.
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EN 474-4:2006 (E)
Key
1 up to 15°
2 LA
3 Seat index point (SIP)
Figure 1 — Deflection-limiting volume (DLV), front view
5.2.2 Falling object protective structures (FOPS)
EN 474-1:2006, 5.3.4, applies with the following addition for compact backhoe loaders. Machines with an
operating mass less than or equal to 700 kg according to ISO 6016:1998 shall be designed and built so that a
FOPS can be fitted. If a FOPS is fitted, it shall meet the performance requirements of EN ISO 3449:2005,
level 1.
5.3 Operator's station
5.3.1 Minimum space envelope
EN 474-1:2006, 5.3.2.5 applies with the following additions:
On backhoe loaders with retractable rear window, the cab height above SIP shall not be less than 920 mm
measured with the window retracted into the cab.
NOTE This requirement is at present under consideration. In the future this exception will disappear.
5.3.2 Operator's controls
EN 474-1:2006, 5.5 applies with the following additions:
on backhoe loaders equipped with outriggers, an acoustic and visual warning device shall be installed to
warn the operator when the travel motion is engaged with lowered outriggers;
NOTE Preferably an interlocking device should be provided, which makes it impossible to raise the outriggers if
the travel motion is engaged.
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EN 474-4:2006 (E)
if the backhoe loader is provided with an alternative operator position with alternative travel controls, there
shall also be control devices for braking and steering at this alternative position, which meet the
performance requirements for the primary functions.
5.3.3 Operator's seat
EN 474-1:2006, 5.4.1, applies with the addition that the seat shall meet the requirements of the following input
spectral class according to EN ISO 7096:2000:
EM5 for backhoe loaders;
EM8 for compact backhoe loaders.
5.4 Warning devices
EN 474-1:2006, 5.9, first indent, applies with the addition that the sound level shall also be greater than or
equal to 93 dB (A) at 7 m distance from backhoe swing centre to the rear. The operator shall be able to
activate the warning device also from the backhoe operation position.
5.5 Stability
5.5.1 General
EN 474-1:2006, 5.11 applies with the additions given in 5.5.2 to 5.5.4 below.
All rated capacities as defined hereafter are based on tests and/or calculations of machines being on level and
firm supporting surface.
The mass of the load, its density and the location of its centre of gravity as well as the mass of the attachment
and the attachment bracket, if fitted, shall be included in the determination of the rated operating capacity and
the size/capacity of the attachment.
Hoses shall withstand four times the operating pressure.
To provide a sufficient stability the rated operating capacity/rated lift capacity in intended operations shall be
determined as specified in 5.5.3 and 5.5.4.
5.5.2 Loader portion
5.5.2.1 General
The rated capacities of the backhoe loader used in loader application shall be determined as follows with the
backhoe in its transport position as specified by the manufacturer.
The loader portion of backhoe loaders do not need lowering control device as defined in ISO 8643:1997
5.5.2.2 Bucket application
The rated operating capacity shall be determined according to ISO 14397-1:2002.
The volumetric rating of bucket shall be determined according to ISO 7546:1983.
NOTE The mass, volumetric rating of bucket and density of the material have to be taken into account when the
bucket capacity is selected for a specific application.
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EN 474-4:2006 (E)
5.5.2.3 Fork application
5.5.2.3.1 General
The rated operating capacity is based on the use of forks and shall be determined by the criteria specified in
5.5.2.3.2 to 5.5.2.3.5.
5.5.2.3.2 Rated load
The tipping load shall be determined according to ISO 14397-1:2002 (except for stability factor stated in 4.1)
and with the fork in a horizontal positi
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