SIST EN 13381-4:2013
(Main)Test methods for determining the contribution to the fire resistance of structural members - Part 4: Applied passive protection to steel members
Test methods for determining the contribution to the fire resistance of structural members - Part 4: Applied passive protection to steel members
This European Standard specifies a test method for determining the contribution made by applied passive fire protection systems to the fire resistance of structural steel members, which can be used as beams or columns. It considers only sections without openings in the web. It is not directly applicable to structural tension members without further evaluation. Results from analysis of I or H -sections are directly applicable to angles, channels and T-sections for the same section factor, whether used as individual elements or as bracing. This European Standard does not apply to solid bar or rod. This European standard covers fire protection systems that involve only passive materials and not to reactive fire protection materials as defined in this document. The evaluation is designed to cover a range of thicknesses of the applied fire protection material, a range of steel sections, characterized by their section factors, a range of design temperatures and a range of valid fire protection classification periods. This European standard contains the fire test procedures, which specifies the tests which should be carried out to determine the ability of the fire protection system to remain coherent and attached to the steelwork, and to provide data on the thermal characteristics of the fire protection system, when exposed to the standard temperature/time curve specified in EN 1363-1. The fire test methodology makes provision for the collection and presentation of data, which can be used as direct input to the calculation of fire resistance of steel structural members in accordance with the procedures given in EN 1993-1-2 and EN 1994-1-2. This European standard also contains the assessment, which prescribes how the analysis of the test data shall be made and gives guidance on the procedures by which interpolation should be undertaken. The assessment procedure is used to establish: a) on the basis of temperature data derived from testing loaded and unloaded sections, a correction factor and any practical constraints on the use of the fire protection system under fire test conditions, (the physical performance); b) on the basis of the temperature data derived from testing short steel sections, the thermal properties of the fire protection system, (the thermal performance). The limits of applicability of the results of the assessment arising from the fire test are defined, together with permitted direct application of the results to different steel sections and grades and to the fire protection system. The results of the test and assessment obtained according to this European standard are directly applicable to steel sections of I and H cross sectional shape and hollow sections.
Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Beitrages zum Feuerwiderstand von tragenden Bauteilen - Teil 4: Passive Brandschutzmaßnahmen für Stahlbauteile
Diese Europäische Norm legt ein Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Beitrages von passiven Brandschutzsystemen zum Feuerwiderstand von tragenden Stahlbauteilen fest, die als Träger oder Stützen verwendet werden können. Er berücksichtigt nur Profile ohne Öffnungen im Steg. Auf Zugträger ist eine direkte Anwendung nicht ohne eine weitere Beurteilung möglich. Ergebnisse der Analyse von I oder H Profilen sind direkt auf Winkelstücke, U-Profile und T-Profile für denselben Profilfaktor anwendbar, wobei sie als Einzelbauteile oder als Verband verwendet werden können. Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für Vollstangen oder Rundstäbe.
Diese Europäische Norm bezieht sich auf Brandschutzsysteme, die nur passive und keine reaktiven Brandschutzmaterialien enthalten, wie in diesem Dokument beschrieben.
Die Bewertung ist so konzipiert, dass sie einen Bereich von Dicken des Brandschutzmaterials, einen Bereich von Stahlquerschnitten, die durch ihre Profilfaktoren beschrieben sind, einen Bereich von Bemessungstempe¬raturen sowie einen Gültigkeitsbereich von Klassifizierungszeiten der Brandschutzmaßnahme umfasst.
Diese Europäische Norm beschreibt die Prüfverfahren für die Brandprüfungen, die zur Bestimmung der Formstabilität des Brandschutzsystems und seines Haftvermögens auf Stahlbauteilen sowie zur Ermittlung der thermischen Eigenschaften des Brandschutzsystems bei Beanspruchung unter den Bedingungen der Einheits-Temperaturzeitkurve nach EN 1363-1 durchgeführt werden sollten.
Das Brandprüfverfahren erlaubt die Ermittlung und Darstellung von Messwerten, die als direkte Eingangs-werte zur Berechnung der Feuerwiderstandsfähigkeit von tragenden Stahlbauteilen nach den in EN 1993-1-2 und EN 1994-1-2 angegebenen Verfahren anwendbar sind.
Diese Europäische Norm enthält darüber hinaus die Beurteilung, die festlegt, wie die Analyse der Messwerte durchzuführen ist, sowie Hinweise zu den Verfahren, nach denen die Interpolation durchgeführt werden sollte.
Das Verfahren der Beurteilung wird angewendet, um:
a) auf Grund der Temperaturmesswerte, die sich aus den Prüfungen von belasteten und unbelasteten Profilen ergeben, einen Korrekturfaktor zu ermitteln sowie etwaige praktische Einschränkungen zur Anwendung der Brandschutzsysteme unter Brandbeanspruchungsbedingungen anzugeben (physika-lisches Verhalten);
b) auf Grund der Temperaturmesswerte, die sich aus Prüfungen an kurzen Stahlprofilen ergeben, die thermischen Eigenschaften des Brandschutzsystems zu ermitteln (thermisches Verhalten).
Die Grenzen der Anwendbarkeit der anhand der Brandprüfung erhaltenen Beurteilungsergebnisse sind in Ver¬bindung mit der zulässigen direkten Anwendung der Ergebnisse auf unterschiedliche Stahlquerschnitte und Stahlgüten sowie auf unterschiedliche Brandschutzsysteme festgelegt.
Die Ergebnisse der nach dieser Europäischen Norm durchgeführten Prüfung und Beurteilung sind direkt auf I- und H-Stahlprofile und Hohlprofile anwendbar.
Méthodes d'essai pour déterminer la contribution à la résistance au feu des éléments de construction - Partie 4 : Protection passive appliquée aux éléments en acier
La présente Norme européenne spécifie une méthode d’essai permettant de déterminer la contribution apportée par l'application de systèmes passifs de protection au feu aux éléments de construction en acier pouvant être utilisés comme des poutres ou des poteaux. Elle ne prend en compte que les tronçons ne comportant pas d'ouverture dans l'âme. Elle ne s'applique pas directement aux éléments précontraints sans évaluation supplémentaire. Les résultats des analyses des tronçons en I ou H s'appliquent directement aux cornières, profilés en U et tronçons en T pour la même massiveté, qu'ils soient utilisés individuellement ou en entretoisement. La présente Norme européenne ne s'applique pas aux barres ni aux tiges pleines.
La présente Norme européenne couvre les systèmes de protection au feu qui impliquent uniquement des matériaux passifs et non les matériaux réactifs de protection au feu tels que définis dans le présent document.
L'évaluation est conçue pour couvrir une plage d'épaisseurs du matériau de protection au feu appliqué, une plage de tronçons d'acier, caractérisées par leur massiveté, une plage de températures données et une plage de durée de classification des protections au feu en cours de validité.
La présente Norme européenne comprend l'essai au feu qui spécifie les essais qu'il convient de réaliser pour déterminer l'aptitude du système de protection au feu à rester cohérent et fixé sur l’armature en acier et pour fournir des données sur les caractéristiques thermiques du système de protection au feu lorsqu'il est exposé à la courbe normalisée température/temps prescrite dans l'EN 1363-1.
La méthodologie des essais au feu comporte des dispositions concernant le recueil et la présentation de données susceptibles de servir d'entrées directes pour le calcul de la résistance au feu d'éléments de construction en acier conformément aux modes opératoires donnés dans l'EN 1993-1-2 et l'EN 1994-1-2.
La présente Norme européenne comprend également l'évaluation qui prescrit la façon d'effectuer l'analyse des données d'essai et les lignes directives des modes opératoires selon lesquels il convient d'entreprendre une interpolation.
Le mode opératoire de l'évaluation permet d'établir :
a) d'après les températures tirées des essais effectués sur des éléments avec et sans charge, un facteur de correction et des contraintes pratiques éventuelles concernant l'utilisation du système de protection au feu dans des conditions d'essai au feu (les performances physiques) ;
b) d'après les températures tirées des essais effectués sur des petits tronçons d'acier, les propriétés thermiques du système de protection au feu (les performances thermiques).
Les limites d'application des résultats de l'évaluation obtenus lors de l'essai au feu sont définies, ainsi que l'application directe admise des résultats aux différents tronçons et aux différentes qualités d'acier pour le système de protection au feu.
Les résultats de l'essai et de l'évaluation obtenus conformément à la présente Norme européenne s'appliquent directement aux tronçons d'acier en I et en H et aux tronçons creux.
Preskusne metode za ugotavljanje prispevka k požarni odpornosti konstrukcijskih elementov - 4. del: Zaščita jeklenih elementov
Ta evropski standard določa preskusno metodo za ugotavljanje prispevka uporabljenih pasivnih sistemov protipožarnega varstva k požarni odpornosti konstrukcijskih jeklenih elementov, ki se lahko uporabljajo kot nosilci ali stebri. Obravnava samo profile brez odprtin v kopreni. Ni neposredno uporaben za konstrukcijske natezne elemente brez nadaljnjega ocenjevanja. Rezultati analize I- ali H-profilov so neposredno uporabni za kote, kanale in T-profile za isti faktor profila ne glede na to, ali se uporabljajo kot posamezni elementi ali opora. Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za trdno palico ali drog. Ta evropski standard zajema sisteme protipožarnega varstva, ki vključujejo samo pasivne materiale, in se ne uporablja za reaktivne protipožarne materiale, kot je določeno v tem dokumentu. Predvideno je, da ocenjevanje zajema obseg debelin uporabljenega protipožarnega materiala, obseg jeklenih profilov, ki jih označujejo njihovi faktorji, obseg načrtovanih temperatur in obseg obdobij veljavne razvrstitve protipožarne zaščite. Ta evropski standard vključuje postopke preskušanja požarne varnosti, kar določa preskuse, ki jih je treba opraviti za ugotavljanje zmožnosti sistema protipožarnega varstva glede ohranjanja skladnosti in pritrditve na jekleno konstrukcijo ter za pridobitev podatkov o toplotnih lastnostih sistema protipožarnega varstva v času izpostavljenosti standardni krivulji temperatura-čas, določeni v standardu EN 1363-1. Metodologija preskusa požarne varnosti vključuje zbiranje in predstavitev podatkov, ki se lahko neposredno vnesejo v izračun požarne odpornosti jeklenih konstrukcijskih elementov v skladu s postopki, navedenimi v standardih EN 1993-1-2 in EN 1994-1-2. Ta evropski standard prav tako vsebuje presojo, ki predpisuje način analiziranja podatkov preskusa, in navodila o postopkih, ki se nanašajo na interpolacijo. Postopek presoje se uporablja za ugotavljanje: a) korekcijskega faktorja in morebitnih praktičnih omejitev glede uporabe sistema protipožarnega varstva pod pogoji požarnega preskusa na podlagi podatkov o temperaturi, pridobljenih pri preskušanju delovanja obremenjenih in neobremenjenih profilov (fizično delovanje); b) toplotne lastnosti sistema protipožarnega varstva na podlagi podatkov o temperaturi, pridobljenih pri preskušanju delovanja kratkih jeklenih profilov (toplotno delovanje). Določijo se omejitve uporabnosti rezultatov presoje na podlagi požarnega preskusa skupaj z dovoljeno neposredno uporabo rezultatov za različne jeklene profile in razrede ter sistem protipožarnega varstva. Rezultati preskusa in presoje, pridobljeni v skladu s tem evropskim standardom, so neposredno uporabni za jeklene profile prerezne oblike I in H ter votle profile.
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.RQVWUXNFLMVNLKPrüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Beitrages zum Feuerwiderstand von tragenden Bauteilen - Teil 4: Passive Brandschutzmaßnahmen für StahlbauteileMéthodes d'essai pour déterminer la contribution à la résistance au feu des éléments de construction - Partie 4 : Protection passive appliquée aux éléments en acierTest methods for determining the contribution to the fire resistance of structural members - Part 4: Applied passive protection to steel members91.080.10Kovinske konstrukcijeMetal structures13.220.50Požarna odpornost gradbenih materialov in elementovFire-resistance of building materials and elementsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13381-4:2013SIST EN 13381-4:2013en,fr,de01-oktober-2013SIST EN 13381-4:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST ENV 13381-4:20031DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 13381-4:2013
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13381-4
May 2013 ICS 13.220.50; 91.080.10 Supersedes ENV 13381-4:2002English Version
Test methods for determining the contribution to the fire resistance of structural members - Part 4: Applied passive protection to steel members
Méthodes d'essai pour déterminer la contribution à la résistance au feu des éléments de construction - Partie 4 : Protection passive appliquée aux éléments en acier
Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Beitrages zum Feuerwiderstand von tragenden Bauteilen - Teil 4: Passive Brandschutzmaßnahmen für Stahlbauteile This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 February 2013.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13381-4:2013: ESIST EN 13381-4:2013
EN 13381-4:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 4 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions, symbols and units . 7 3.1 Terms and definitions . 7 3.2 Symbols and units . 9 4 Test equipment . 11 4.1 General . 11 4.2 Furnace . 11 4.3 Loading equipment . 11 5 Test conditions . 11 5.1 General . 11 5.2 Support and loading conditions . 11 5.3 Loading . 12 6 Test specimens . 12 6.1 General . 12 6.2 Size of test specimens . 13 6.3 Construction of steel test specimens . 13 6.4 Composition of steel sections . 15 6.5 Properties of fire protection materials . 15 6.6 Selection of test specimens . 16 7 Installation of the test specimens . 22 7.1 Loaded beam . 22 7.2 Unloaded beams . 22 7.3 Loaded columns . 22 7.4 Unloaded columns . 23 7.5 Test specimen installation patterns . 23 7.6 Furnace load . 23 8 Conditioning of the test specimens . 23 9 Application of instrumentation . 23 9.1 General . 23 9.2 Instrumentation for measurement and control of furnace temperature . 24 9.3 Instrumentation for measurement of steel temperatures . 25 9.4 Instrumentation for the measurement of pressure . 26 9.5 Instrumentation for the measurement of deformation . 26 9.6 Instrumentation for the measurement of load . 26 10 Test procedure . 26 10.1 General . 26 10.2 Furnace temperature and pressure . 26 10.3 Application and control of load . 27 10.4 Temperature of steelwork . 27 10.5 Deflection . 27 10.6 Observations . 27 10.7 Termination of test . 27 11 Test results . 28 11.1 Acceptability of test results . 28 SIST EN 13381-4:2013
EN 13381-4:2013 (E) 3 11.2 Presentation of test results . 29 12 Test report . 29 13 Assessment . 30 13.1 General . 30 13.2 Temperature data . 30 13.3 Correction for discrepancy in stickability and insulation performance over the thickness range tested . 30 13.4 Assessment procedures for thermal performance . 31 13.5 Acceptability of the assessment method used and the resulting analysis – criteria for acceptability . 31 14 Report of the assessment . 31 15 Limits of the applicability of the results of the assessment . 32 Annex A (normative)
The applicability of the results of the assessment to sections other than I or H sections . 49 A.1 Structural hollow sections - General . 49 A.2 Boxed systems . 49 A.3 Profiled systems . 49 A.4 Alternative Fixing Methods for Boards (Slabs) . 50 A.5 Limitations . 50 Annex B (normative)
Measurement of properties of fire protection materials . 51 B.1 Introduction . 51 B.2 Thickness of fire protection materials . 51 B.3 Density of applied fire protection materials . 53 B.4 Moisture content of applied fire protection materials . 53 Annex C (normative)
Fixing of thermocouples to steel work and routing of cables . 55 C.1 Introduction . 55 C.2 Types of thermocouples . 55 C.3 Fixing of thermocouples . 55 C.4 Routing of thermocouple wires . 55 C.5 Connection of thermocouples . 56 C.6 Thermocouple failures . 56 Annex D (normative)
Correction of data/Nominal thickness . 57 D.1 Correction of data. 57 D.2 Nominal thickness-Graphical method . 60 Annex E (normative)
Methods of Assessment of Fire Protection System Performance . 61 E.1 General . 61 E.2 Graphical Approach . 61 E.3 Differential Formula Analysis (variable λ approach) Methodology . 67 E.4 Differential Formula Analysis (constant λ approach) Methodology . 73 E.5 Numerical Regression Analysis. 77 Annex F . 79 Bibliography . 83
SIST EN 13381-4:2013
EN 13381-4:2013 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13381-4:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127 “Fire safety in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes ENV 13381-4:2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. With respect to the previous version, the following changes have been made: A change has been made to the test method to introduce of a means allowing loaded beams to reach a deflection of L/30.
In addition the graphical assessment method now includes a point to point method of constructing lines and a new virtual data point related to furnace temperature. This document is compatible with EN 13381-8 and specifically deals with the testing and assessment of passive fire protection systems (sprays, renderings, mat products and boards) designed to protect structural steel.
This document is part of the EN 13381 series with the general title Test methods for determining the contribution to the fire resistance of structural members. Other parts of this series are: — Part 1: Horizontal protective membranes; — Part 2: Vertical protective membranes; — Part 3: Applied protection to concrete member; — Part 4: Applied passive protection to steel members (the present document); — Part 5: Applied protection to concrete/profile sheet steel and composite members; — Part 6: Applied protection to concrete filled steel composite members; — Part 7: Applied protection to timber members; — Part 8: Applied reactive protection to steel members. CAUTION — The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out this fire resistance test, is drawn to the fact that fire testing can be hazardous and that there is a possibility that toxic and/or harmful smoke and gases can be evolved during the test. Mechanical and operational hazards can also arise during the construction of test elements or structures, their testing and the disposal of test residues. An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health should be made and safety precautions should be identified and provided. Written safety instructions should be issued. Appropriate training should be given to relevant personnel. Laboratory personnel should SIST EN 13381-4:2013
EN 13381-4:2013 (E) 5 ensure that they follow written safety instructions at all times. The specific health and safety instructions contained within this standard should be followed. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 13381-4:2013
EN 13381-4:2013 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a test method for determining the contribution made by applied passive fire protection systems to the fire resistance of structural steel members, which can be used as beams or columns. It considers only sections without openings in the web. It is not directly applicable to structural tension members without further evaluation. Results from analysis of I or H sections are directly applicable to angles, channels and T-sections for the same section factor, whether used as individual elements or as bracing. This European Standard does not apply to solid bar or rod. This European Standard covers fire protection systems that involve only passive materials and not to reactive fire protection materials as defined in this document. The evaluation is designed to cover a range of thicknesses of the applied fire protection material, a range of steel sections, characterised by their section factors, a range of design temperatures and a range of valid fire protection classification periods. This European Standard contains the fire test procedures, which specifies the tests which should be carried out to determine the ability of the fire protection system to remain coherent and attached to the steelwork, and to provide data on the thermal characteristics of the fire protection system, when exposed to the standard temperature/time curve specified in EN 1363-1. The fire test methodology makes provision for the collection and presentation of data, which can be used as direct input to the calculation of fire resistance of steel structural members in accordance with the procedures given in EN 1993-1-2 and EN 1994-1-2. This European Standard also contains the assessment, which prescribes how the analysis of the test data shall be made and gives guidance on the procedures by which interpolation should be undertaken. The assessment procedure is used to establish: a) on the basis of temperature data derived from testing loaded and unloaded sections, a correction factor and any practical constraints on the use of the fire protection system under fire test conditions, (the physical performance); b) on the basis of the temperature data derived from testing short steel sections, the thermal properties of the fire protection system, (the thermal performance). The limits of applicability of the results of the assessment arising from the fire test are defined, together with permitted direct application of the results, to different steel sections and grades and to the fire protection system. The results of the test and assessment obtained according to this European Standard are directly applicable to steel sections of I and H cross sectional shape and hollow sections. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12467, Fibre cement flat sheets — Product specification and test methods EN 13162, Thermal insulating products for buildings — Factory made mineral wool (MW) products — Specification EN 823, Thermal insulating products for building applications — Determination of thickness SIST EN 13381-4:2013
EN 13381-4:2013 (E) 7 EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements — Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests EN 1363-1, Fire resistance tests — Part 1: General requirements EN 1365-3, Fire resistance tests for loadbearing elements — Part 3: Beams EN 1365-4, Fire resistance tests for loadbearing elements — Part 4: Columns EN 1993-1-1, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings EN 1993-1-2, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — Part 1-2: General rules - Structural fire design EN 10025-1, Hot rolled products of non-alloy structural steels — Part 1: General technical delivery conditions EN ISO 13943, Fire safety — Vocabulary (ISO 13943) ISO 8421-2:1987, Fire protection — Vocabulary — Part 2: Structural fire protection ETAG 018-Part 3, Guideline for European Technical Approval of Fire Protective Products — Part 3: Renderings and rendering kits intended for fire resisting applications ETAG 018-Part 4, Guideline for European Technical Approval of Fire Protective Products — Part 4: Fire protective board, slab and mat products and kits 3 Terms and definitions, symbols and units 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1363-1, EN ISO 13943 and ISO 8421-2, and the following apply: 3.1.1 steel member element of building construction which is loadbearing and fabricated from steel of the same type as is used in the testing 3.1.2 reactive fire protection material reactive materials which are specifically formulated to provide a chemical reaction upon heating such that their physical form changes and in so doing provide fire protection by thermal insulative and cooling effects 3.1.3 passive fire protection material materials, which do not change their physical form on heating, providing protection by virtue of their physical or thermal properties Note 1 to entry: They may include materials containing water or endothermic materials which, on heating, produce cooling effects. These may take the form of sprayed coatings, renderings, mat products boards or slabs. 3.1.4 fire protection system fire protection material together with any supporting system including mesh reinforcement astested and with a specific primer and/or topcoat if applicable SIST EN 13381-4:2013
EN 13381-4:2013 (E) 8 3.1.5 fire protection protection afforded to the steel member by the fire protection system such that the temperature of the steel member is limited throughout the period of exposure to fire 3.1.6 test specimen steel test section comprising columns and beams plus the fire protection system under test 3.1.7 fire protection thickness
dry thickness of an applied protection material or a single layer fire protection system or the combined thickness of all layers of a multilayer fire protection system excluding the thickness of the supporting system or joint cover strips 3.1.8
stickability
ability of a fire protection system to remain sufficiently coherent and in position for a well defined range of deformations, furnace and steel temperatures, such that its ability to provide fire protection is not significantly impaired 3.1.9
section factor
3.1.9.1
profiled fire protection systems ratio of the fire exposed outer perimeter area of the steel structural member itself excluding the protection material, per unit length, to its cross sectional volume per unit length
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1. 3.1.9.2
boxed fire protection systems ratio of the sum of the inside dimensions of the smallest possible rectangle or square encasement which can be measured round the steel structural member times unit length, to its volume per unit length
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1. 3.1.10
design temperature
temperature of a steel structural member for structural design purposes 3.1.11
characteristic steel temperature
temperature of the steel structural member which is used for the determination of the correction factor for stickability calculated as (mean temperature +maximum temperature)/2 3.1.12
steel temperature overall mean temperature to be used as input data for the analysis is calculated: for I and H section beams as the mean of the upper flange plus the mean of the web plus the mean of the lower flange divided by three; for I, H and hollow section columns as the sum of the means of each measuring station divided by the number of measuring stations; for hollow section beams as the mean of the sides plus the mean of the bottom face divided by two SIST EN 13381-4:2013
EN 13381-4:2013 (E) 9 3.2 Symbols and units Symbol Unit Description LB
loaded beam section UB
unloaded short beam section LC
loaded 3 m column section SC
unloaded short column section p
fire protection material a
steel f
furnace d
thickness ρ
density tl min time for the loaded section to reach the design temperature t1 min time for the reference section to reach the design temperature S m-1 section factor of the loaded section S1 m-1 section factor of the reference section D mm the protection thickness for the loaded section D1 mm protection thickness for the reference section dmax mm maximum protection thickness of the loaded section dmin mm minimum protection thickness of the loaded section di mm protection thickness of the short section kimax
stickability correction factor at maximum protection thickness kimin
stickability correction factor at minimum protection thickness ki
stickability correction factor for the short section at thickness di Am/V m-1 section factor of the unprotected steel section Ap/V m-1 section factor of the protected steel section A m2 cross sectional area of the steel section V m3/m volume of the steel section per unit length Vv m3/m volume of the fire protection material per unit length H mm height of the steel column h mm depth of the steel section B mm breadth of the steel section tw mm thickness of the web of the steel section tf mm thickness of the flange of the steel section t mm thickness of the wall of a hollow steel section Lexp mm length of beam specimen exposed to heating Lsup mm length of beam specimen between supports Lspec mm length of beam specimen SIST EN 13381-4:2013
EN 13381-4:2013 (E) 10 dUB mm thickness of fire protection material on an unloaded beam section dSC mm thickness of fire protection material on an unloaded column section dp mm thickness of fire protection material concerned dp(max) mm maximum thickness of fire protection material used dp(min) mm minimum thickness of fire protection material used ρprotection kg/m3 density of fire protection material ρUB kg/m3 density of fire protection material on an unloaded beam section ρSC kg/m3 density of fire protection material on an unloaded column section ρLB kg/m3 density of fire protection material on a loaded beam ρa kg/m3 density of steel (normally 7 850 kg/m3) θLB °C characteristic steel temperature of a loaded beam θUB °C characteristic steel temperature of a short unloaded reference beam θLC °C characteristic steel temperature of a loaded column θSC °C characteristic temperature of a short reference column.
θc(UB) °C corrected mean temperature of an unloaded beam section θc(SC) °C corrected mean temperature of an unloaded column section θt °C average temperature of the furnace at time t θat °C average temperature of the steel at time t ∆θt °C increase of furnace temperature during the time interval ∆t θm(SC) °C modified steel temperature of an unloaded section θ °C design temperature Kd
range factor for thickness
Ks
range factor for section factor
ca J/(kgK) temperature dependant specific heat capacity of steel as
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