SIST EN 689:2018+AC:2019
(Main)Workplace exposure - Measurement of exposure by inhalation to chemical agents - Strategy for testing compliance with occupational exposure limit values
Workplace exposure - Measurement of exposure by inhalation to chemical agents - Strategy for testing compliance with occupational exposure limit values
This European Standard specifies a strategy to perform representative measurements of exposure by
inhalation to chemical agents in order to demonstrate the compliance with occupational exposure limit
values (OELVs).
This European Standard is not applicable to OELVs with reference periods less than 15 min.
Exposition am Arbeitsplatz - Messung der Exposition durch Einatmung chemischer Arbeitsstoffe - Strategie zur Überprüfung der Einhaltung von Arbeitsplatzgrenzwerten
Diese Europäische Norm legt eine Strategie zur Durchführung repräsentativer Expositionsmessungen in Bezug auf die Einatmung chemischer Arbeitsstoffe fest, um die Einhaltung von Arbeitsplatzgrenzwerten (OELVs) nachweisen zu können.
Diese Europäische Norm ist nicht anwendbar auf OELVs, deren Referenzzeitspanne weniger als 15 min beträgt.
Exposition sur les lieux de travail - Mesurage de l'exposition par inhalation d'agents chimiques - Stratégie pour vérifier la conformité à des valeurs limites d'exposition professionnelle
La présente Norme européenne spécifie une stratégie pour effectuer des mesurages représentatifs de l’exposition par inhalation à des agents chimiques afin de démontrer la conformité aux valeurs limites d’exposition professionnelle (VLEP).
La présente Norme européenne n’est pas applicable aux VLEP dont les périodes de référence sont inférieures à 15 min.
Izpostavljenost na delovnem mestu - Merjenje izpostavljenosti pri vdihavanju kemičnih agensov - Strategija preskušanja skladnosti z mejnimi vrednostmi za poklicno izpostavljenost (vključno s popravkom AC)
Ta evropski standard določa strategijo za izvajanje reprezentativnega merjenja izpostavljenosti pri vdihavanju kemičnih agensov z namenom dokazovanja skladnosti z mejnimi vrednostmi za poklicno izpostavljenost (OELV).
Ta evropski standard ne velja za mejne vrednosti izpostavljenosti z referenčnimi obdobji, ki so krajša od 15 minut.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 689:2018+AC:2019
01-julij-2019
Izpostavljenost na delovnem mestu - Merjenje izpostavljenosti pri vdihavanju
kemičnih agensov - Strategija preskušanja skladnosti z mejnimi vrednostmi za
poklicno izpostavljenost (vključno s popravkom AC)
Workplace exposure - Measurement of exposure by inhalation to chemical agents -
Strategy for testing compliance with occupational exposure limit values
Exposition am Arbeitsplatz - Messung der Exposition durch Einatmung chemischer
Arbeitsstoffe - Strategie zur Überprüfung der Einhaltung von Arbeitsplatzgrenzwerten
Exposition sur les lieux de travail - Mesurage de l'exposition par inhalation d'agents
chimiques - Stratégie pour vérifier la conformité à des valeurs limites d'exposition
professionnelle
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 689:2018+AC:2019
ICS:
13.040.30 Kakovost zraka na delovnem Workplace atmospheres
mestu
SIST EN 689:2018+AC:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 689:2018+AC:2019
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SIST EN 689:2018+AC:2019
EN 689:2018+AC
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
April 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.040.30 Supersedes EN 689:2018
English Version
Workplace exposure - Measurement of exposure by
inhalation to chemical agents - Strategy for testing
compliance with occupational exposure limit values
Exposition sur les lieux de travail - Mesurage de Exposition am Arbeitsplatz - Messung der Exposition
l'exposition par inhalation d'agents chimiques - durch Einatmung chemischer Arbeitsstoffe - Strategie
Stratégie pour vérifier la conformité à des valeurs zur Überprüfung der Einhaltung von
limites d'exposition professionnelle Arbeitsplatzgrenzwerten
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 March 2018 and includes Corrigendum 1 approved by CEN on 2 March 2018.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 689:2018+AC:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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EN 689:2018+AC:2019 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 44BScope . 6
2 45BNormative references . 6
3 46BTerms and definitions and abbreviations . 6
3.1 51BTerms and definitions . 6
3.2 52BAbbreviations . 7
4 47BGeneral . 7
5 48BOccupational exposure assessment. 9
5.1 53BBasic characterization . 9
5.1.1 58BGeneral . 9
5.1.2 59BIdentification of chemical agents and other information required . 9
5.1.3 60BReview of workplace factors . 10
5.1.4 61BEstimation of exposure . 10
5.1.5 62BDecisions . 11
5.2 54BSampling strategy. 11
5.2.1 63BConstitution of Similar Exposure Groups (SEGs) . 11
5.2.2 64BSpecifying the measuring procedure . 12
5.3 55BPerforming exposure measurements . 13
5.4 56BValidation of results and SEGs . 13
5.4.1 65BGeneral . 13
5.4.2 66BValidation of measurement results . 13
5.4.3 67BValidation of SEGs . 14
5.5 57BComparison of results with OELVs . 14
5.5.1 68BGeneral . 14
5.5.2 69BPreliminary test . 15
5.5.3 70BStatistical test . 15
6 49BReport . 16
7 50BPeriodic reassessment . 16
Annex A 35B(informative) Assessment of exposure . 18
A.1 0BGeneral . 18
A.2 1BWorkplaces with constant conditions . 20
A.3 2BShortened exposure at workplaces with constant working conditions . 20
A.4 3BWorkplaces involving occasional exposure . 20
A.5 4BStationary workplaces with irregular exposure . 21
A.6 5BWorkers who move from a workplace to another with irregular exposure . 21
A.7 6BWorkplaces with unpredictable, constantly changing exposure . 22
A.8 7BOutdoor workplaces . 22
A.9 8BUnderground workplaces . 22
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Annex B 36B(informative) Occupational exposure limit values for compliance testing. 24
Annex C 37B(informative) Simultaneous ˜occupational™ exposure to several chemical
agents . 26
C.1 9BGeneral . 26
C.2 10BTier 1: Exposure index (I ) . 26
E
C.3 11BTier 2: Additive effect exposure index (I ) . 27
AE
C.4 12BOther approaches . 28
Annex D 38B(informative) Exposure profile and sampling duration . 29
D.1 13BGeneral . 29
D.2 14BMeasurement for testing compliance with 8 h- OELV . 29
D.3 15BMeasurement for testing compliance with short-term limit value . 34
Annex E 39B(informative) Check of exposure measurements distribution, and identification of
exceptional exposure within the SEG . 35
E.1 16BGeneral . 35
E.2 17BGraphical method . 35
E.2.1 27BPrinciple . 35
E.2.2 28BPlotting . 36
E.2.3 29BExample . 36
E.2.4 30BExamples of SEGs requiring further consideration . 37
E.2.4.1 31BGeneral . 37
E.2.4.2 32BSEG consisting of two groups . 38
E.2.4.3 33BSome individuals with exceptional exposure . 39
E.2.4.4 34BDistributions appearing to be not lognormal. . 40
E.3 18BStatistical methods for the validation of SEGs . 41
Annex F 40B(informative) Testing compliance with OELVs . 42
F.1 19BGeneral . 42
F.2 20BSEG compliance test for at least six exposure measurements . 42
F.3 21BDecision . 43
Annex G 41B(informative) Exposure calculation with a work shift longer than 8h . 45
Annex H 42B(informative) Exposure below the limit of quantification . 46
H.1 22BGeneral . 46
H.2 23BPrinciple . 46
H.3 24BExample . 46
H.4 25BUncertainty . 49
H.5 26BSoftware . 50
Annex I 43B(informative) Interval for periodic measurements . 51
Bibliography . 53
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EN 689:2018+AC:2019 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 689:2018+AC:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 137
“Assessment of workplace exposure to chemical and biological agents”, the secretariat of which is held
by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2018, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2018.
This document includes Corrigendum 1 issued by CEN on 10 April 2019.
This document includes the corrigendum 1 which modifies abbreviations, the content in several
Annexes, and modifies the bibliography and references in the text.
This document supersedes ˜EN 689:2018™.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by corrigendum is indicated in the text by the tags
˜™.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 689:1995.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
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Introduction
This European Standard deals with the measurement of exposure to chemical agents in workplace
atmospheres, and in particular with measurement strategy for comparing workers' exposure by
inhalation with occupational exposure limit values (OELVs). Other parts of management of exposure of
workers are not dealt with in detail in this European Standard.
Within this European Standard, compliance means that workers’ time weighted average
˜occupational™ exposure is below an OELV with a corresponding reference period. OELVs include
legal values and other numerical criteria (see Annex B).
Representative measurement of ˜occupational™ exposure to chemical agents is difficult, because of
the variability of exposure. Processes and products affecting exposure are numerous. Different
workplace conditions can correspond to different generation rates, can involve a variety of chemical
agents and can therefore present specific exposure conditions. Exposure can be affected by the distance
of the exposed workers from emission sources; and parameters such as emission intensity, ventilation,
climatic conditions, seasonal variations and the controls applied can also have a very marked influence.
The spatial and temporal variabilities of exposure conditions are further enhanced by workers'
practices and activities themselves.
The sampling equipment introduces its own limitations, and the analytical steps add further difficulties
and uncertainties.
This European Standard is applicable for measuring procedures that fulfil the requirements of EN 482.
If a measuring procedure does not fulfil these requirements some parts of the procedure described in
this European Standard cannot be applied.
To assess the exposure of workers to chemicals and to state with certainty that it does not exceed the
OELVs (short-term or long-term) would require measurement of the exposure of every worker for
every working day. Unfortunately while this approach is possible for some agents such as ionizing
radiation, it is not feasible or practical for many chemical agents due to limitations of the measurement
techniques and costs.
The strategy described in this European Standard gives a procedure for the employer or other
stakeholders to overcome the problem of variability and to use a relatively small number of
measurements to demonstrate with a high degree of confidence that workers are unlikely to be exposed
to concentrations exceeding the OELVs. To reduce the number of exposure measurements, and
therefore the cost of assessment, personal air samples are collected among workers within similar
exposure groups (SEGs). A single measurement or even several measurements below the limit value can
be insufficient to reliably demonstrate compliance without using a statistical test like the one proposed
in this European Standard.
Respiratory protective equipment (RPE) is used to reduce the amount of the chemical agent that is
inhaled by the worker. However, this European Standard does not take into account the use and
effectiveness of RPE in testing compliance with the OELV.
Before any measurements are performed, it is essential for an appraiser to conduct a basic
characterization in order to collect relevant information on workplace factors, and the available
information on exposure in the workplace concerned. This includes information on variation of
exposure with time of day and season of the year, so that the measurement is representative.
If the basic characterization shows that exposure is probably higher than the OELV, then it is
recommended to reduce exposure by risk management measures (RMM) before measurements are
planned for compliance testing.
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EN 689:2018+AC:2019 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies a strategy to perform representative measurements of exposure by
inhalation to chemical agents in order to demonstrate the compliance with occupational exposure limit
values (OELVs).
This European Standard is not applicable to OELVs with reference periods less than 15 min.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 482, Workplace atmospheres — General requirements for the performance of procedures for the
measurement of chemical agents
EN 1540, Workplace exposure - Terminology
3 Terms and definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1540 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
appraiser
person who is sufficiently trained and experienced in occupational hygiene principles, working and
measurement techniques, to conduct the part of the assessment they are performing according to the
state of the art
Note 1 to entry: The appraiser may be supported by a team of qualified persons.
3.1.2
exposure profile
description of the exposure variations to a chemical agent in relation to the definable series of activities
from the periods under consideration
Note 1 to entry: See Annex D.
3.1.3
similar exposure group
SEG
group of workers having the same general exposure profile for the chemical agent(s) being studied
because of the similarity and frequency of the tasks performed, the materials and processes with which
they work, and the similarity of the way they perform the tasks
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3.2 Abbreviations
AM arithmetic mean
CAS chemical abstracts service
DMEL derived minimum effect level
derived no-
DNEL
EC number European community number
GSD geometric standard deviation
GM geometric mean
˜h™ hour
LOQ limit of quantification
OELV occupational exposure limit value
RPE respiratory protective equipment
RMM risk management measures
SD standard deviation
SEG similar exposure group
WS work shift
4 General
˜The assessment of occupational exposure to chemical agents based on air samples requires
different procedures which shall be conducted by an appraiser.™
˜It starts with an initial ˜occupational™ exposure assessment (described in Clauses 5 and 6)
followed by periodic reassessments (see Clause 7)™. The initial ˜occupational™ exposure
assessment comprises different phases:
— basic characterization of the workplaces;
— constitution of similar exposure groups;
— selection of a suitable measuring procedure;
— performing exposure measurements;
— validation of exposure measurement results and SEGs;
— comparison of results with OELVs;
— reporting of results.
The sampling strategy comprises the constitution of SEGs and the definition of measuring procedures. If
the initial ˜occupational™ exposure assessment indicates non-compliance with OELVs for some
SEGs, control measures shall be implemented and a new initial ˜occupational™ exposure
assessment shall be conducted. Following the initial ˜occupational™ exposure assessment, periodic
reassessments shall be conducted. When significant changes occur at the workplace that may affect
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exposure conditions, the appraiser shall decide whether a new initial ˜occupational™ exposure
assessment shall be conducted.
Figure 1 gives a schematic overview of the procedures described in this European Standard.
˜
Figure 1 —Schematic overview of the occupational exposure assessment procedures™
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5 Occupational exposure assessment
5.1 Basic characterization
5.1.1 General
Prior to exposure measurements, the workplace and the related exposure profile under consideration
shall be considered.
The basic characterization of exposure determinants is in three steps:
— identification of chemical agents and other information required;
— review of workplace factors;
— estimation of exposure.
All the information collected during the basic characterization shall be used to:
— decide whether measurements are necessary or not (see 5.1.4);
— constitute the different SEGs.
Use of exposure monitoring devices able to give an instant feedback to the user, either as a single or a
continuous reading (so called direct-reading instruments), can give valuable information about
approximate exposure level, the exposure pattern, and spatial, time and worker variability of the
exposure.
5.1.2 Identification of chemical agents and other information required
The preparation of a list of all chemical agents in the workplace and the relevant information concerned
is an essential first step to the identification of the potential for hazardous exposure. The safety data
sheets and other available information are useful to establish the list. The list shall include any of the
following:
— raw materials, primary products, impurities, intermediates, final products, reaction and process
products and by-products, etc;
— the individual chemical agents, identified with chemical registration numbers (e.g. CAS#, EC#);
— hazardous properties, classification and labelling;
— appropriate OELVs depending on the goal of the assessment (see Annex B);
— whether dermal and oral exposure of the chemical agents is relevant (this European Standard only
deals with measuring inhalation exposure, but knowledge of other routes can be important in the
management of exposure);
— additional information such as amount used, vapour pressure, temperature, saturation
concentration, dustiness, etc.
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5.1.3 Review of workplace factors
The work processes and procedures shall be evaluated to gauge the exposure and the exposure profile
to chemical agents by a detailed review of workplace factors, such as:
— work organization: activity, task, job title, work shift system, job functions, etc.;
— processes and techniques (type of processes, temperature, pressure, etc.);
— workplace layout and configuration, including confined spaces, open air, etc.;
— safety precautions and procedures (restricted area, etc.);
— cleanliness and tidiness of workplace;
— ventilation installations and other forms of engineering control and any information on their
performance;
— emission sources and locations of high concentrations ;
— periods, frequencies and durations of exposure taking into account variation of exposure with time
of day and season of the year;
— work load;
— worker behaviour, or
— activity or production rate indicators.
5.1.4 Estimation of exposure
The appraiser shall collect available information to allow reliable estimates of the exposure of the
workers. Annex A gives guidance on this.
Possible sources of information include:
— earlier measurement results in this workplace, including from direct-reading instruments;
— measurement results from comparable installations or work processes (databases, literature, etc.);
— calculations based on relevant quantitative information;
— exposure modelling.
A decision that an exposure is much lower than the OELV should be made, for example in the following
cases:
— the release capability is low because of the working conditions and the substance properties (e.g.
low vapour pressure, high boiling point with low processing temperature, low dust-forming
behaviour);
— the operational conditions cannot give rise to the formation of aerosols;
— only small quantities are used;
— only low emissions are possible, for example because of small source surfaces or short activity
duration (<15 min).
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The estimates shall be used to make a decision in 5.1.5.
The estimates shall also be used to verify whether the sampling and analysis techniques that are
proposed for the measurements are adequate.
5.1.5 Decisions
The results of basic characterization lead to one of the following decisions:
— the exposure is higher than the OELV (non-compliance); then the a
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