SIST EN 378-1:2017
(Main)Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Part 1: Basic requirements, definitions, classification and selection criteria
Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Part 1: Basic requirements, definitions, classification and selection criteria
This European Standard specifies the requirements for the safety of persons and property, provides guidance for the protection of the environment and establishes procedures for the operation, maintenance and repair of refrigerating systems and the recovery of refrigerants.
The term "refrigerating system" used in this European Standard includes heat pumps.
This part of EN 378 specifies the classification and selection criteria applicable to refrigerating systems. These classification and selection criteria are used in part 2, 3 and 4.
This standard applies:
a) To refrigerating systems, stationary or mobile, of all sizes, except to road vehicle air conditioners covered by specific product standards such as ISO/DIS 13043 and SAE J 639.
b) To secondary cooling or heating systems;
c) To the location of these refrigerating systems and
d) To replaced parts and added components after adoption of this standard if they are not identical in function and capacity
Systems using refrigerants other than those listed in Annex E of this European Standard (or ISO/FDIS 817:2013) are not covered by this standard.
Annex C specifies how to determine the amount of refrigerant permitted in a given space, which when exceeded, requires additional protective measures to reduce the risk .
Annex E specifies criteria for safety and environmental considerations of different refrigerants used in refrigeration and air conditioning.
This standard is not applicable to refrigerating systems and heat pumps which were manufactured before the date of its publication as a European Standard except for extensions and modifications to the system which were implemented after publication.
This standard is applicable to new refrigerating systems, extensions or modifications of already existing systems, and for existing stationary systems, being transferred to and operated on another site.
This standard also applies in the case of the conversion of a system to another refrigerant type, in which case conformity to the relevant clauses of parts 1 to 4 of the standard shall be assessed.
Kälteanlagen und Wärmepumpen - Sicherheitstechnische und umweltrelevante Anforderungen - Teil 1: Grundlegende Anforderungen, Begriffe, Klassifikationen und Auswahlkriterien
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen an die Sicherheit von Personen und Eigentum fest, liefert eine Anleitung in Hinblick auf den Schutz der Umwelt und enthält Vorgehensweisen für Betrieb, Instandhaltung und Instandsetzung von Kälteanlagen und die Rückgewinnung von Kältemitteln.
Die in dieser Europäischen Norm verwendete Benennung „Kälteanlage“ schließt Wärmepumpen mit ein.
Der vorliegende Teil der EN 378 legt die auf Kälteanlagen anwendbare(n) Klassifikation und Auswahlkriterien fest. Die Klassifikation und Auswahlkriterien werden in den Teilen 2, 3 und 4 angewendet.
Diese Norm gilt für:
a) stationäre und ortsveränderliche Kälteanlagen aller Größen mit Ausnahme von Klimaanlagen für Straßenfahrzeuge nach den spezifischen Produktnormen wie z. B. ISO/DIS 13043 und SAE J 639;
b) indirekte Kühl- oder Heizsysteme;
c) den Aufstellungsort dieser Kälteanlagen und
d) nach der Annahme dieser Norm ersetzte Teile und hinzugefügte Bauteile, sofern sie nicht in Funktion und Leistung identisch sind.
Anlagen mit anderen als den in Anhang E dieser Europäischen Norm (bzw. ISO/FDIS 817:2013) aufgeführten Kältemitteln sind nicht Gegenstand dieser Norm.
Anhang C legt fest, wie die in einem gegebenen Raum zulässige Kältemittelmenge zu bestimmen ist, bei deren Überschreitung zusätzliche Schutzmaßnahmen zur Risikominderung erforderlich sind.
Anhang E legt Kriterien für sicherheits- und umweltbezogene Überlegungen in Bezug auf verschiedene bei Kühlung und Klimatisierung eingesetzte Kältemittel fest.
Diese Norm gilt nicht für Kälteanlagen und Wärmepumpen, die vor dem Datum ihrer Veröffentlichung als Europäische Norm hergestellt wurden, ausgenommen sind im Anschluss an die Veröffentlichung erfolgte Erweiterungen und Modifizierungen an der Anlage.
Die vorliegende Norm gilt für neue Kälteanlagen, Erweiterungen oder Modifizierungen bereits bestehender Anlagen sowie bestehende stationäre Anlagen, die an einen anderen Standort verbracht und dort betrieben werden.
Diese Norm gilt auch im Falle der Umstellung einer Anlage auf eine andere Art des Kältemittels; in diesem Fall ist die Konformität mit den zutreffenden Abschnitten der Teile 1 bis 4 der Norm zu beurteilen.
Systèmes frigorifiques et pompes à chaleur - Exigences de sécurité et d'environnement - Partie 1: Exigences de base, définitions, classification et critères de choix
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences relatives à la sécurité des personnes et des biens, fournit des recommandations pour la protection de l'environnement et établit des modes opératoires pour l'exploitation, la maintenance et la réparation des systèmes frigorifiques et la récupération des fluides frigorigènes.
Le terme « système frigorifique » utilisé dans la présente Norme européenne inclut les pompes à chaleur.
La présente partie de l'EN 378 spécifie les critères de classification et de choix applicables aux systèmes frigorifiques. Ces critères sont utilisés dans les parties 2, 3 et 4.
La présente norme s'applique :
a) aux systèmes frigorifiques, fixes ou mobiles, de toutes tailles, excepté les climatiseurs pour véhicules routiers couverts par des normes de produit spécifiques telles que l'ISO/DIS 13043 et la SAE J 639 ;
b) aux systèmes secondaires de refroidissement ou de chauffage ;
c) à l'emplacement de ces systèmes frigorifiques ; et
d) aux pièces remplacées et composants ajoutés après l'adoption de la présente norme, si leur fonction ou leur capacité n'est pas identique.
Les systèmes utilisant des fluides frigorigènes autres que ceux mentionnés en Annexe E de la présente Norme européenne (ou dans l'ISO/FDIS 817:2013) ne sont pas couverts par la présente norme.
L'Annexe C spécifie la méthode permettant de déterminer la quantité de fluide frigorigène admise dans un espace donné qui, lorsqu'elle est dépassée, exige des mesures de protection supplémentaires pour réduire les risques.
L'Annexe E spécifie les critères relatifs à la sécurité et aux aspects environnementaux de différents fluides frigorigènes utilisés en réfrigération et climatisation.
La présente norme n'est pas applicable aux systèmes frigorifiques et pompes à chaleur fabriqués avant sa date de publication comme Norme européenne, à l'exception des extensions et modifications du système mises en œuvre après la publication.
La présente norme s'applique aux systèmes frigorifiques neufs, aux extensions ou modifications de systèmes existants et, pour les systèmes fixes existants, aux systèmes transférés et exploités sur un autre site.
La présente norme s'applique également en cas de transformation d'un système pour un autre fluide frigorigène, auquel cas la conformité aux articles applicables des parties 1 à 4 de la norme doit être évaluée.
Hladilni sistemi in toplotne črpalke - Varnostnotehnične in okoljevarstvene zahteve - 1. del: Osnovne zahteve, definicije, razvrstitve in kriteriji za izbiro
Ta evropski standard določa zahteve za varnost oseb in premoženja, določa smernice za varstvo okolja ter določa postopke za delovanje, vzdrževanje in popravilo hladilnih sistemov ter izpraznitev hladilnih sredstev.
Pojem »hladilni sistem« v tem evropskem standardu zajema tudi toplotne črpalke.
Ta del standarda EN 378 določa merila za razvrstitev in izbiro ustreznih hladilnih sistemov. Ta merila za razvrstitev in izbiro so uporabljena v delih 2, 3 in 4.
Ta standard se uporablja za:
a) hladilne sisteme, nepremični ali premične, vseh velikosti, razen klimatskih naprav cestnih vozil, ki jih zajemajo posebni standardi za proizvode, kot sta ISO/DIS 13043 in SAE J 639;
b) sekundarne hladilne ali ogrevalne sisteme;
c) mesto postavitve teh hladilnih sistemov; in
d) dele in komponente, ki so bili zamenjani in dodani po sprejetju tega standarda, če nimajo enake funkcije in zmogljivosti.
Sistemi, ki uporabljajo hladilna sredstva, ki niso navedena v dodatku E tega evropskega standarda (ali standarda ISO/FDIS 817:2013), niso zajeti v tem standardu.
Dodatek C opredeljuje, kako določiti količino hladilnega sredstva, ki je dovoljena v nekem prostoru in za katero so, ko je presežena, potrebni dodatni zaščitni ukrepi za zmanjšanje tveganja.
Dodatek E določa merila za varnost in okoljske vidike različnih hladilnih sredstev, ki se uporabljajo za hlajenje in hlajenje s klimatskimi napravami.
Ta standard se ne uporablja za hladilne sisteme in toplotne črpalke, ki so bile izdelane pred datumom objave standarda kot evropskega standarda, razen za razširitve in spremembe sistema, ki so bile uvedene po objavi.
Ta standard se uporablja za nove hladilne sisteme, razširitve ali spremembe že obstoječih sistemov in za obstoječe stacionarne sisteme, ki se prenesejo in upravljajo na drugem mestu postavitve.
Ta standard se uporablja tudi v primeru predelave sistema za drugo vrsto hladilnega sredstva, pri čemer je treba oceniti skladnost z ustreznimi točkami delov 1–4 tega standarda.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Kälteanlagen und Wärmepumpen - Sicherheitstechnische und umweltrelevante Anforderungen - Teil 1: Grundlegende Anforderungen, Begriffe, Klassifikationen und AuswahlkriterienSystèmes frigorifiques et pompes à chaleur - Exigences de sécurité et d'environnement - Partie 1: Exigences de base, définitions, classification et critères de choixRefrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Part 1: Basic requirements, definitions, classification and selection criteria27.200Hladilna tehnologijaRefrigerating technology27.080Heat pumps01.040.27Prenos energije in toplote (Slovarji)Energy and heat transfer engineering (Vocabularies)ICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 378-1:2016SIST EN 378-1:2017en,fr,de01-februar-2017SIST EN 378-1:2017SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 378-1:2008+A2:20121DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 378-1:2017
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 378-1
November
t r s x ICS
r sä r v rä t yâ
t yä r z râ
t yä t r r Supersedes EN
u y zæ sã t r r z ªA tã t r s tEnglish Version
Refrigerating systems and heat pumps æ Safety and environmental requirements æ Part
sã Basic requirementsá definitionsá classification and selection criteria Systèmes frigorifiques et pompes à chaleur æ Exigences de sécurité et d 5environnement æ Partie
sã Exigences de baseá définitionsá classification et critères de choix
Kälteanlagen und Wärmepumpenæ Sicherheitstechnische und umweltrelevante Anforderungen æ Teil
sã Grundlegende Anforderungená Begriffeá Klassifikationen und Auswahlkriterien This European Standard was approved by CEN on
u September
t r s xä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey andUnited Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels
9
t r s x CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
u y zæ sã t r s x ESIST EN 378-1:2017
EN 378-1:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 4 Introduction . 6 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references . 7 3 Terms and definitions . 8 3.1 Refrigerating systems . 8 3.2 Occupancies, locations . 10 3.3 Pressures . 11 3.4 Components of refrigerating systems . 12 3.5 Piping and joints . 14 3.6 Safety accessories . 15 3.7 Fluids . 17 3.8 Miscellaneous . 20 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 20 5 Classification . 22 5.1 Access categories . 22 5.1.1 General . 22 5.1.2 More than one access category. 23 5.2 Designation and classification of refrigerants . 23 5.3 Location classification of refrigerating systems . 23 5.4 Refrigerating system classification . 24 5.4.1 General . 24 5.4.2 Direct releasable systems . 24 5.4.3 Indirect systems . 24 5.5 Examples of systems . 24 5.5.1 Direct releasable systems . 24 5.5.2 Indirect systems . 26 5.6 Special requirements for ice rinks . 29 6 Quantity of refrigerant . 29 7 Space volume calculations . 29 Annex A (informative)
Equivalent terms in English, French and German . 30 Annex B (informative)
Total equivalent warming impact (TEWI) . 34 Annex C (normative)
Refrigerant charge limit requirements . 37 C.1 Charge limits requirements for refrigerating systems. 37 C.2 Charge limitations due to flammability for air conditioning systems or heat pumps for human comfort . 43 C.2.1 Refrigerant-containing parts in a occupied space . 43 C.2.2 Special requirements for non fixed factory sealed single package air conditioning systems or heat pumps with a limited charge . 43 C.3 Alternative for risk management of refrigerating systems in occupied spaces . 44 C.3.1 General . 44 C.3.2 Allowable charge . 45 SIST EN 378-1:2017
EN 378-1:2016 (E) 3 Annex D (informative)
Protection for people who are inside cold rooms . 48 D.1 General . 48 D.2 Operation of doors and emergency exit doors . 48 D.3 Emergency switch or signal . 48 D.4 Cold rooms with a controlled atmosphere . 49 Annex E (normative)
Safety classification and information about refrigerants . 50 Annex F (normative)
Special requirements for ice rinks . 61 F.1 Indoor ice rinks . 61 F.2 Outdoor ice rinks and installations for similar sporting activities . 61 Annex G (informative)
Potential hazards for refrigerating systems. 62 Annex H (informative)
Calculation examples related to C.2 and C.3. 64 H.1 Example 1 for C.2.1 . 64 H.2 Example 2 for C.2.1 . 64 H.3 Example 3 for C.3 . 64 H.4 Example 4 for C.3 . 64 Bibliography . 66
SIST EN 378-1:2017
EN 378-1:2016 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 378-1:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 182 “Refrigerating systems, safety and environmental requirements”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 378-1:2008+A2:2012. EN 378 consists of the following parts under the general title “Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements”: — Part 1: Basic requirements, definitions, classification and selection criteria; — Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking and documentation; — Part 3: Installation site and personal protection; — Part 4: Operation, maintenance, repair and recovery. The main changes in part 1 with respect to the previous edition are listed below: — harmonization as far as possible with ISO 5149:2014 and ISO 817:2014; — adapt definitions for the purpose of harmonizing EN 378-2:2016 with PED. Following detailed changes are worth noting: — modification of the term “special machinery room” to “separate refrigeration machinery room” and adapt the definition in view of combustion equipment; — modifications/inclusion of definitions for “part of the refrigerating system” (3.1.8), “pressure equipment” (3.1.20) and “pressure vessels” (3.4.8) in view of PED; — movement of the location classification from Annex C to 5.3; — rewording of the system examples in 5.3 to make the relation clear with location classification; — replacement of Annex F (safety group) classifications by 5.2; — modification of the approach to determine the refrigerant charge of a refrigeration system. The charge limit requirement is decided based on the most stringent refrigerant charge that results from the calculation based on toxicity and the calculation based on flammability. To this purpose, the tables in Annex C are modified. Table C.1 contains requirements based on toxicity classes, Table C.2 contains requirements based on flammability classes; SIST EN 378-1:2017
EN 378-1:2016 (E) 5 — addition of the refrigerant classes as determined in ISO 817 to toxicity classes A, B and flammability classes 1, 2L, 2, 3; — modification of the charge limits for refrigerants of flammability class 3, for location classification III; — addition of C.3, alternative risk management; — addition of refrigerants in Annex E that have been approved for publication in ASHRAE 34 in January 2015 (not those approved for public review in January 2015); — inclusion in Annex E of GWP values for refrigerants in view of REGULATION (EU) No 517/2014 (F-gas). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 378-1:2017
EN 378-1:2016 (E) 6 Introduction This European Standard relates to safety and environmental requirements in the design, manufacture, construction, installation, operation, maintenance, repair and disposal of refrigerating systems and appliances regarding local and global environments. It does not related to the final destruction of the refrigerants. It is intended to minimize possible hazards to persons, property and the environment from refrigerating systems and refrigerants. These hazards are associated with the physical and chemical characteristics of refrigerants and the pressures and temperatures occurring in refrigeration cycles. Attention is drawn to hazards such as excessive temperature at compressor discharge, liquid slugging, erroneous operation and reduction in mechanical strength caused by corrosion, erosion, thermal stress, liquid hammer or vibration. Corrosion deserves special consideration as conditions peculiar to refrigerating systems arise due to alternate frosting and defrosting or the covering of equipment by insulation. The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in Annex G. In addition, machinery should comply as appropriate with EN ISO 12100 for hazards which are not covered by this European Standard. Commonly used refrigerants except R-717 are heavier than air. Care should be taken to avoid stagnant pockets of heavy refrigerant vapours by proper location of ventilation inlet and exhaust openings. Refrigerants and their combinations with oils, water or other substances, can affect the system chemically and physically. They can, if they have detrimental properties, endanger persons, property and the environment when escaping from the refrigerating system. Refrigerants shall be selected with due regard to their potential influence on the global environment (ODP, GWP) as well as their possible effects on the local environment. Evaluation of the environmental performance requires a life cycle approach. With regard to global climate change the Total Equivalent Warming Impact approach is generally used as the basis (see Annex B). Reference should be made to the EN ISO 14040- series to address other environmental aspects. Many factors influence environmental impacts such as: — location of the system; — energy efficiency of the system; — type of refrigerant; — service frequency; — refrigerant leaks; — sensitivity of charge on efficiency; — minimization of heat load; — control methods. Additional investments may be directed towards reducing leaks, increasing energy efficiency or modifying the design in order to use a different refrigerant. A life cycle approach is necessary to identify where additional investments will have the most beneficial effects. SIST EN 378-1:2017
EN 378-1:2016 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the requirements for the safety of persons and property, provides guidance for the protection of the environment and establishes procedures for the operation, maintenance and repair of refrigerating systems and the recovery of refrigerants. The term “refrigerating system” used in this European Standard includes heat pumps. This part of EN 378 specifies the classification and selection criteria applicable to refrigerating systems. These classification and selection criteria are used in parts 2, 3 and 4. This standard applies: a) to refrigerating systems, stationary or mobile, of all sizes except to vehicle air conditioning systems covered by a specific product standard e.g. ISO 13043; b) to secondary cooling or heating systems; c) to the location of the refrigerating systems; d) to replaced parts and added components after adoption of this standard if they are not identical in function and in the capacity; Systems using refrigerants other than those listed in Annex E of this European Standard are not covered by this standard. Annex C specifies how to determine the amount of refrigerant permitted in a given space, which when exceeded, requires additional protective measures to reduce the risk. Annex E specifies criteria for safety and environmental considerations of different refrigerants used in refrigeration and air conditioning. This standard is not applicable to refrigerating systems and heat pumps which were manufactured before the date of its publication as a European Standard except for extensions and modifications to the system which were implemented after publication. This standard is applicable to new refrigerating systems, extensions or modifications of already existing systems, and for existing stationary systems, being transferred to and operated on another site. This standard also applies in the case of the conversion of a system to another refrigerant type, in which case conformity to the relevant clauses of parts 1 to 4 of the standard shall be assessed. Product family standards dealing with the safety of refrigerating systems takes precedence over horizontal and generic standards covering the same subject. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 378-2:2016, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking and documentation EN 378-3:2016, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 3: Installation site and personal protection EN 12263, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety switching devices for limiting the pressure — Requirements and tests SIST EN 378-1:2017
EN 378-1:2016 (E) 8 EN 14276-2, Pressure equipment for refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Part 2: Piping — General requirements ISO 817:2014, Refrigerants — Designation and safety classification 3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. NOTE See informative Annex A for equivalent terms in English, French and German. 3.1 Refrigerating systems 3.1.1 refrigerating system heat pump combination of interconnected refrigerant-containing parts constituting one closed circuit in which the refrigerant is circulated for the purpose of extracting and delivering heat (i.e. cooling and heating) 3.1.2 self-contained system complete factory-made refrigerating system in a suitable frame and/or enclosure, that is fabricated and transported complete, or in two or more sections and in which no refrigerant-containing parts are connected on site other than by isolation valves, such as companion valves 3.1.3 unit system self-contained system that has been assembled, filled ready for use and tested prior to its installation and is installed without the need for connecting any refrigerant-containing parts Note 1 to entry: A unit system can include factory assembled companion valves. 3.1.4 limit charged system refrigerating system in which the internal volume and total refrigerant charge are such that, with the system idle, the allowable pressure will not be exceeded when complete evaporation of the refrigerant occurs 3.1.5 sorption system refrigerating system in which refrigeration is effected by evaporation of a refrigerant, the vapour then being absorbed or adsorbed by an absorbent or adsorbent medium respectively, from which it is subsequently expelled at a higher partial vapour pressure by heating and then liquefied by cooling 3.1.6 secondary cooling or heating system system employing a fluid which transfers heat from the product or spaces to be cooled or heated or from another cooling or heating system to the refrigerating system without compression and expansion of the fluid SIST EN 378-1:2017
EN 378-1:2016 (E) 9 3.1.7 sealed system refrigerating system in which all refrigerant containing parts are made tight by welding, brazing or a similar permanent connection which may include capped valves and capped service ports that allow proper repair or disposal and which have a tested leakage rate of less than 3 grams per year under a pressure of at least a quarter of the maximum allowable pressure Note 1 to entry: Joints based on mechanical forces which are prevented from improper use by the need of a special tool (e.g. by glue) are considered as a similar permanent connection. Note 2 to entry: Hermetically sealed systems in EN 16084 are equivalent to sealed systems in EN 378–2. 3.1.8 part of the refrigerating system several components assembled together and exposed to the same pressure in operation or pressure source, respectively, as determined by the manufacturer Note 1 to entry: The definitions 3.1.9 and 3.1.10 describe the most common situation. 3.1.9 high pressure side part of a refrigerating system operating at approximately the condenser or gas cooler pressure 3.1.10 low pressure side part of a refrigerating system operating at approximately the evaporator pressure 3.1.11 mobile system refrigerating system which is usually in transit during operation Note 1 to entry: Mobile systems includes refrigerated cargo systems in ships, refrigerating systems in fishing boats, air conditioning on board, and transport of refrigerated cargo by road, train and containers. 3.1.12 cascade system two or more independent refrigeration circuits where the condenser of one circuit rejects heat directly to the evaporator of another 3.1.13 transcritical system refrigerating system where the compressor discharges refrigerant at a pressure above the critical point 3.1.14 assembly several components assembled to constitute an integrated and functional whole Note 1 to entry: Assemblies are often connected together on-site to make a complete refrigerating system. 3.1.15 component individual functional item of a refrigerating system SIST EN 378-1:2017
EN 378-1:2016 (E) 10 3.1.16 split system refrigerating system, air conditioner or heat pump incorporating one or more refrigerant circuits, comprising one or more factory-built indoor units providing cooling or heating to the space and one or more factory-built outdoor units 3.1.17 multisplit system split system with more than one indoor unit 3.1.18 indoor unit part of the split system that controls the temperature of the air inside the building or substances located in the building 3.1.19 fixed appliance appliance that is intended to be used while fastened to a support or while secured in a specific location 3.1.20 pressure equipment components of the refrigerating system, classified as pressure vessels according to definition 3.4.8, piping including its accessories (e.g. valves) according to definition 3.5, and safety accessories according to definition 3.6 3.2 Occupancies, locations 3.2.1 machinery room enclosed room or space, with mechanical ventilation, sealed from public areas and not accessible to the public, which is intended to contain components of the refrigerating system Note 1 to entry: A machinery room can contain other equipment provided design and its installation requirements are compatible with the requirements for the safety of the refrigerating system. 3.2.2 separate refrigeration machinery room machinery room intended to contain only components of the refrigerating system, accessible only to competent personnel for the purposes of inspection, maintenance and repair Note 1 to entry: Where the standard refers to the term machinery room, separate refrigeration machinery rooms are included. SIST EN 378-1:2017
EN 378-1:2016 (E) 11 3.2.3 occupied space space in a building which is bounded by walls, floors and ceilings and which is occupied by persons for a significant period Note 1 to entry: Where the spaces around the apparent occupied space are, by construction or design, not air tight with respect to the occupied space, these may be considered as part of the occupied space. above; e.g. false ceilings voids, crawl ways, ducts, movable partitions and doors with transfer grilles or undercut doors. 3.2.4 hallway corridor for the passage of people 3.2.5 exit opening in the outer wall, with or without a door or gate 3.2.6 exit passageway passageway immediately in the vicinity of the exit through which people leave the building 3.2.7 cold room room maintained by a refrigerating system at a temperature lower than ambient temperature 3.2.8 open air any unenclosed space, possibly but not necessarily roofed 3.2.9 crawl space space that is in general accessed for maintenance only and where it is not possible to walk or access by walking Note 1 to entry: Usually, the height of crawl spaces is less than 1 m. 3.2.10 ventilated enclosure enclosure containing the refrigerating system that does not enable air to flow from the enclosure to the surrounding space and has a ventilation system that produces airflow from the enclosures to the open air through a ventilation duct 3.3 Pressures 3.3.1 maximum allowable pressure PS maximum pressure for which the system or component is designed for, as specified by the manufacturer Note 1 to entry: PS is the limit which should not be exceeded whether the system is working or not. Note 2 to entry: The Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU designates the maximum allowable pressure as the symbol “PS”. SIST EN 378-1:2017
EN 378-1:2016 (E) 12 3.4 Components of refrigerating systems 3.4.1 refrigerating installation assembly of components of a refrigerating system and all the apparatus necessary for its operation 3.4.2 refrigerating equipment components forming a part of the refrigerating system, e.g. compressor, condenser, generator, absorber, adsorber, receiver, evaporator, surge drum 3.4.3 compressor device for mechanically increasing the pressure of a refrigerant vapour 3.4.4 motor-compressor fixed combination of electrical motor and compressor in one unit 3.4.4.1 hermetic motor-compressor combination of a compressor and electrical motor, both of which are enclosed in the same housing, with no external shaft or shaft seals 3.4.4.2 semi-hermetic (accessible hermetic) motor-compressor combination consisting of a compressor and electrical motor, both of which are enclosed in the same housing, having removable covers for access, but having no external shaft or shaft seals 3.4.5 open compressor compressor having a drive shaft penetrating the refrigerant-tight housing 3.4.6 positive displacement compressor compressor in which compression is obtained by changing the internal volume of the compression chamber 3.4.7 non-positive displacement compressor compressor in which compression is obtained without changing the internal volume of the compression chamber SIST EN 378-1:2017
EN 378-1:2016 (E) 13 3.4.8 pressure vessel any refrigerant-containing component of a refrigerating
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