SIST EN 50318:2019
(Main)Railway applications - Current collection systems - Validation of simulation of the dynamic interaction between pantograph and overhead contact line
Railway applications - Current collection systems - Validation of simulation of the dynamic interaction between pantograph and overhead contact line
Simulation techniques are used to assess the dynamic interaction between overhead contact lines and pantographs, as part of the prediction of current collection quality. This European Standard specifies functional requirements for the validation of such simulation methods to ensure confidence in, and mutual acceptance of the results of the simulations.
This standard deals with:
- input and output parameters of the simulation,
- comparison with line test measurements, and the characteristics of those line tests,
- comparison between different simulation methods, and
- limits of application of validated methods to assessments of pantographs and overhead contact lines
This standard applies to the current collection from an overhead contact line by pantographs mounted on railway vehicles. It does not apply to trolley bus systems.
Bahnanwendungen - Stromabnahmesysteme - Validierung von Simulationssystemen für das dynamische Zusammenwirken zwischen Dachstromabnehmer und Oberleitung
Simulationstechniken werden verwendet, um im Rahmen der Vorhersage hinsichtlich der Qualität der Strom-abnahme das dynamische Zusammenwirken zwischen Oberleitungen und Dachstromabnehmern zu beurteilen. Diese Europäische Norm legt funktionale Anforderungen an die Validierung solcher Simulationsmethoden fest, um das Vertrauen in die Ergebnisse von Simulationen sowie eine gegenseitige Akzeptanz dieser Ergebnisse sicherzustellen.
Diese Norm umfasst:
- Eingabe und Ausgabeparameter der Simulation;
- Vergleich mit Messungen bei Streckenprüfungen sowie Eigenschaften dieser Streckenprüfungen;
- Vergleich zwischen verschiedenen Simulationsmethoden; und
- Grenzen für die Anwendung validierter Methoden bei der Beurteilung von Dachstromabnehmern und Oberleitungen.
Diese Norm gilt für die Stromabnahme von Oberleitungen durch auf Eisenbahnfahrzeugen angeordnete Dachstromabnehmer. Sie gilt nicht für O-Bussysteme.
Applications ferroviaires - Systèmes de captage de courant - Validation des simulations de l'interaction dynamique entre le pantographe et la caténaire
Des techniques de simulation sont appliquées pour évaluer l'interaction dynamique entre les caténaires et les pantographes dans le cadre de la détermination de la qualité de captage du courant. La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences fonctionnelles relatives à la validation de ces méthodes de simulation afin de garantir la fiabilité et l'acceptation mutuelle des résultats de ces simulations.
La présente norme porte sur :
- les paramètres d'entrée et de sortie de la simulation ;
- la comparaison des résultats de simulation par rapport aux données mesurées lors de l'essai de ligne et les caractéristiques de ces essais ;
- la comparaison entre les différentes méthodes de simulation existantes ; et
- les limites d'application relatives aux méthodes validées pour l'évaluation des pantographes et des caténaires.
La présente norme s'applique au captage du courant d'une caténaire par les pantographes des véhicules ferroviaires. La présente norme ne s'applique pas aux trolleybus.
Železniške naprave - Sistemi tokovnega odjema - Veljavnost simuliranja medsebojnih dinamičnih vplivov med tokovnim odjemnikom in kontaktnim vodnikom
Simulacijske tehnike se uporabljajo za oceno dinamične interakcije med nadzemnimi kontaktnimi vodniki in tokovnim odjemnikom kot del napovedi kakovosti tokovnega odjema. Ta evropski standard določa funkcionalne zahteve za potrjevanje takšnih simulacijskih metod, ki zagotavljajo zaupanje v obojestransko sprejemanje rezultatov simulacij.
Ta standard obravnava:
– vhodne in izhodne parametre simulacije,
– primerjavo z meritvami preskusov vodnikov in značilnosti teh preskusov vodnikov,
– primerjavo med različnimi simulacijskimi metodami in
– meje uporabe potrjenih metod za ocene tokovnih odjemnikov in nadzemnih kontaktnih vodnikov.
Ta standard se uporablja za tokovne odjemnike, nameščene na železniških vozilih, ki odjemajo tok iz nadzemnega kontaktnega vodnika. Ne uporablja se za sisteme trolejbusov.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 50318:2019
01-september-2019
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 50318:2003
Železniške naprave - Sistemi tokovnega odjema - Veljavnost simuliranja
medsebojnih dinamičnih vplivov med tokovnim odjemnikom in kontaktnim
vodnikom
Railway applications - Current collection systems - Validation of simulation of the
dynamic interaction between pantograph and overhead contact line
Bahnanwendungen - Stromabnahmesysteme - Validierung von Simulationssystemen für
das dynamische Zusammenwirken zwischen Dachstromabnehmer und Oberleitung
Applications ferroviaires - Systèmes de captage de courant - Validation des simulations
de l'interaction dynamique entre le pantographe et la caténaire
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50318:2018
ICS:
29.280 Električna vlečna oprema Electric traction equipment
SIST EN 50318:2019 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 50318:2019
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SIST EN 50318:2019
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50318
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2018
ICS 29.280 Supersedes EN 50318:2002
English Version
Railway applications - Current collection systems - Validation of
simulation of the dynamic interaction between pantograph and
overhead contact line
Applications ferroviaires - Systèmes de captage de courant Bahnanwendungen - Stromabnahmesysteme - Validierung
- Validation des simulations de l'interaction dynamique von Simulationssystemen für das dynamische
entre le pantographe et la caténaire Zusammenwirken zwischen Dachstromabnehmer und
Oberleitung
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2018-06-07. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 50318:2018 E
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EN 50318:2018
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 8
5 General . 9
5.1 Typical application . 9
5.2 Overview of the validation process . 9
6 Modelling of the pantograph . 12
6.1 General requirements . 12
6.2 Input data requirements . 12
6.2.1 General . 12
6.2.2 Mass – spring – damper – models (lumped parameter models) . 13
6.2.3 Multi-body models . 13
6.2.4 Transfer function models . 13
6.2.5 Hardware in the loop . 13
6.3 Validation of pantograph models . 13
7 Modelling of the overhead contact line . 15
7.1 General requirements . 15
7.2 Data requirements . 15
7.3 Static check of overhead contact line model . 16
8 Parameters of simulation . 16
9 Output . 17
9.1 General . 17
9.2 Contact force . 17
9.3 Contact wire displacement . 18
9.4 Pantograph displacement . 18
10 Validation with measured values . 18
10.1 General . 18
10.2 Comparison values . 18
10.3 Limits of validation . 19
10.3.1 Application of simulation method to other conditions . 19
10.3.2 Deviations of pantograph characteristics . 19
10.3.3 Deviations of overhead contact line parameters . 19
10.3.4 Deviations of the simulation parameters . 19
11 Reference model . 20
11.1 Purpose of reference model . 20
11.2 Reference model data . 20
11.3 Parameters of simulation . 20
11.4 Reference model results . 21
Annex A (normative) Reference model specification . 22
A.1 General . 22
A.2 Overhead contact line data . 22
A.2.1 General data . 22
A.2.2 Special data for the contact line reference model - AC - Simple . 24
A.2.3 Special data for the reference model of contact line AC - Stitched . 25
A.2.4 Special data for the reference model of contact line DC - simple . 26
A.3 Pantograph data . 27
A.4 Results of simulations for reference models . 28
Annex B (normative) Model specifications and measurement results for validation . 31
2
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B.1 Measurement results of simple AC high speed contact line . 31
B.1.1 Simulation data for overhead contact line model . 31
B.1.2 Pantograph model . 40
B.1.3 Measured data of dynamic interaction for validation . 40
B.2 Measurement results of a stitched AC high speed contact line . 41
B.2.1 General . 41
B.2.2 Simulation data for overhead contact line model . 41
B.2.3 Pantograph data . 55
B.2.4 Calculated and measured data of OCL-rest position for validation . 56
B.2.5 Measuring data of dynamic interaction for validation . 56
B.3 Measurement results of simple DC high speed contact line . 57
B.3.1 General . 57
B.3.2 Simulation data for overhead contact line model . 57
B.3.3 Pantograph data . 80
B.3.4 Measured data of dynamic interaction for validation . 81
Annex C (informative) Relation to TSI assessment process . 82
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European standard and the essential
requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC [2008 OJ L191] aimed to be covered . 85
Bibliography . 87
3
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European foreword
This document (EN 50318:2018) has been prepared by CLC/SC 9XC "Electric supply and earthing systems
for public transport equipment and ancillary apparatus (Fixed installations)" of CLC/TC 9X “Electrical and
electronic applications for railways”.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which this document has (dop) 2019-12-07
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2021-12-07
standards conflicting with this document
have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 50318:2002.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
EN 50318:2018 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to EN 50318:2002:
— additional definitions for new used terms are included (Clause 3);
— the validation process is improved (Clause 5);
— a validation process for pantograph models is included (Clause 6);
— data requirements for overhead contact line modelling are improved (7.2);
— requirements for static checks for the overhead contact line are included (7.3);
— mathematical parameters to describe deviation from Gaussian distribution added to the required output
(Clause 9);
— the validation with measured values is improved (Clause 10);
— measured data from line tests are included for three main types of overhead contact lines in Annex B,
permitting a validation for standard systems without additional measurement;
— reference models are extended to different types of contact lines (Clause 11 and Annex A) for easy
check of simulations before validation.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission and
the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For the relationship with EU Directive 2008/57/EC see informative Annex ZZ, which is an integral part of
this document.
Annexes designated “normative” are part of the body of the standard. In this standard, Annex A and
Annex B are normative.
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1 Scope
Simulation techniques are used to assess the dynamic interaction between overhead contact lines and
pantographs, as part of the prediction of current collection quality. This document specifies functional
requirements for the validation of such simulation methods to ensure confidence in, and mutual acceptance
of the results of the simulations.
This document deals with:
– input and output parameters of the simulation;
– comparison with line test measurements, and the characteristics of those line tests;
– validation of pantograph models;
– comparison between different simulation methods;
– limits of application of validated methods to assessments of pantographs and overhead contact lines.
This document applies to the current collection from an overhead contact line by pantographs mounted on
railway vehicles. It does not apply to trolley bus systems.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 50119:2009, Railway applications — Fixed installations — Electric traction overhead contact lines
EN 50206-1:2010, Railway applications — Rolling stock — Pantographs: Characteristics and tests —
Part 1: Pantographs for main line vehicles
EN 50317:2012, Railway applications —Current collection systems — Requirements for and validation of
measurements of the dynamic interaction between pantograph and overhead contact line
EN 50367:2012, Railway applications — Current collection systems — Technical criteria for the interaction
between pantograph and overhead line (to achieve free access)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
NOTE Further definitions from the Normative References can be used.
3.1
contact point
location of mechanical contact between a pantograph contact strip and a contact wire
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3.2
contact force
vertical force applied by a pantograph to the contact wire(s)
Note 1 to entry: The contact force is the sum of the forces of all contact points of a pantograph.
3.3
static contact force
vertical force exerted upward by the collector head on the overhead contact line system at standstill
[SOURCE: EN 50206-1:2010, 3.3.5]
3.4
aerodynamic force
vertical force applied to the pantograph as a result of air flow around the pantograph components
3.5
mean contact force
statistical mean value of the contact force
[SOURCE: EN 50317:2012, 3.5]
3.6
standard deviation
square root of the sum of the squared sample variance divided by the number of output values minus 1
3.7
skewness
parameter that quantifies the symmetry of the shape of a data distribution
3
FF−
( )
m
∑
n
(1)
sk =
3
2
2
FF−
( )
m
∑
n
3.8
excess of kurtosis
parameter that quantifies whether the shape of the data distribution matches the Gaussian distribution
4
FF−
( )
m
∑
n
ek − 3
(2)
2
2
FF−
( )
m
∑
n
3.9
minimum of contact force
minimum value of the contact force while the pantograph passes over the analysis section
6
=
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3.10
maximum of contact force
maximum value of the contact force while the pantograph passes over the analysis section
3.11
loss of contact
physical separation of the collector head from the contact wire
Note 1 to entry: In simulation this condition occurs when the contact force is zero or less.
3.12
simulation method
numerical method that uses a fixed set of input parameters describing a system (e.g. pantograph/overhead
contact line system) to calculate a set of output values representative of the dynamic behaviour of this
system
3.13
pantograph model
mathematical model in a one- or more-dimensional geometry describing the dynamic characteristics of the
pantograph
3.14
mass – spring – damper – model
lumped parameter model
method representing a dynamic mechanical system (e.g. pantograph) as a series of discrete concentrated
masses connected together by spring and damper elements
3.15
transfer function
ratio of an applied input to the response of the pantograph, depending on frequency
3.16
apparent mass
transfer function describing the relation between applied contact force and resulting acceleration at the
contact point for the frequency range of interest
3.17
hardware in the loop
hybrid simulation/test rig measuring method, where a real pantograph responds interacting with a
simulation model of the overhead contact line
3.18
multi-body model
method representing a dynamic mechanical system (e.g. pantograph) based on interconnected rigid or
flexible bodies
3.19
collector head
part of the pantograph supported by the frame, which includes contact strips, horns and can include a
suspension
3.20
overhead contact line model
mathematical model in a two- or three-dimensional geometry describing the characteristics of an overhead
contact line for interaction with pantographs
3.21
wave propagation speed of the contact wire
speed of a transversal wave, which runs along the contact wire
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3.22
maximum uplift at the support
maximum value of the vertical uplift of the contact wire at a support
3.23
analysis section
subset of the total overhead contact line model length over which the simulation will be evaluated
3.24
frequency range of interest
frequency range within which the dynamic performance of the overhead contact line – pantograph system
is considered
Note 1 to entry: For validation with measurements this range correlates with the frequency range defined in
EN 50317.
3.25
dynamic interaction
behaviour between pantograph(s) and overhead contact line in contact, described by contact forces and
vertical displacements of contact point(s)
3.26
frequency band analysis
analysis inside a frequency range of interest using subranges of frequencies to study special topics
3.27
elasticity of overhead contact line
uplift divided by the force applied to the contact wire in a static state
3.28
range of vertical position of the point of contact
difference between maximum and minimum dynamic height of the contact point, relative to the track, during
dynamic interaction between the pantograph and the contact wire
4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purpose of this document, the following symbols and abbreviations apply.
Abbreviations:
AW auxiliary wire
CT centre of the track
CW contact wire
CWH contact wire height
HIL hardware in the loop
MT type of support
MW messenger wire
Mxx support or mast number
OCL overhead contact line
SDx number of dropper to stitch wire
STx span type number as reference to Figure Span number
SW stitch wire
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Symbols:
a measured vertical acceleration at the contact point
cp,meas
a simulated vertical acceleration at the contact point
cp,model
C structural damping matrix
s
c damping of element n
n
Dx dropper number
E modulus of elasticity
e elasticity of contact line
ek excess of kurtosis of contact force
F contact force
F measured vertical force applied at the contact point
applied,meas
F simulated vertical force applied at the contact point
applied,model
f actual frequency
i
Fm mean contact force
f maximum frequency
n
Fsa lateral force at steady arm
f minimum frequency
1
K stiffness matrix
k stiffness of element n
n
Ldr dropper length
Lx dropperlength (for CW no. x)
dr
Lsa length of steady arm
M mass matrix
m measured apparent mass
app,meas
m apparent mass of the model
app,model
mn mass of element n
Q accuracy of the pantograph simulation model
sk skewness of contact force
X distance between left mast and dropper no. x
α, β proportional damping coefficients
σ standard deviation of contact force
5 General
5.1 Typical application
One of the purposes of the application of this standard is to inform the process for seeking authorization for
an OCL or pantograph design. In Annex C, Figure C.1 shows the route through to assessment of an OCL
system in accordance with the ENE TSI [1], and Figure C.2 the assessment of a pantograph in accordance
with the LOC & PAS TSI [2], for European Interoperability.
NOTE Other applications, not related to TSI authorizations (e.g. research, technical development, etc), may
require a different process.
5.2 Overview of the validation process
The theoretical study of the dynamic interaction between pantograph and overhead contact line by
computer simulation makes it possible to obtain much information about the system and to minimize the
costs of line tests.
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In order to be used with confidence the simulation method shall be validated. The validation for a simulation
method shall be done in a process described in Figure 1.
A simulation method validated according to this standard, shall be considered for application to overhead
contact line/pantograph combinations and conditions only within the limits of validity defined in 10.3.
A new validation shall be made when the conditions to apply simulation are outside the limitations defined
in 10.3 for existing validations.
The validation for a simulation method shall be done with the steps which are shown in Figure 1. The steps
are:
1) A first validation step shall be done by a “desktop assessment” in accordance to Clause 11. The most
relevant reference model data shall be chosen from the reference models in Annex A for the conditions
for which validation is required.
NOTE This desktop assessment will improve the confidence in the simulation method. As Annex A cannot cover
all possible solutions and combinations a choice from this subset is necessary.
For validation of simulation methods implemented for new technologies in ways that are totally different
from the current state of the art, and which are not able to use models with the data according to
Annex A, the “desktop assessment” may be omitted.
2) The final assessment shall be done by a “Line Test Data Validation” based on test results according
to 10.1 to demonstrate the accuracy of simulation according to 10.2.
Annex B provides data sets from line test measurements in accordance with EN 50317 to allow for a
validation for a given model within the limitations according to 10.3.
If the accuracy according to either 10.2 or to 11.4 cannot be achieved then the simulation method shall be
improved according to 6.3 for pantograph model adjustments and according to 7.3 for contact line model
before revalidation.
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Figure 1 — Evaluation process
11
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6 Modelling of the pantograph
6.1 General requirements
A pantograph model shall describe the dynamic characteristics of a pantograph, regarding interaction with
overhead contact lines, in the frequency range of interest.
Commonly used pantograph models are:
– mass – spring – damper – models (lumped parameter models);
– transfer function models;
– multi-body models;
– physical pantographs, when hardware in the loop (HIL) is adopted.
The pantograph may be modelled with one or more dimensional geometry, depending on the phenomena
to be investigated.
For the modelling of active pantographs the characteristics of control and the dynamic characteristics shall
be available.
Aerodynamic effects on the pantograph shall as a minimum be considered by enhancing the mean contact
force as a function of speed.
6.2 Input data requirements
6.2.1 General
Depending on the modelling method and the individual pantograph characteristics, the relevant parameters
appropriate to fully describe the pantograph shall be available for simulation.
These parameters shall take into account other dependencies (operation height, stagger, nonlinearities,
frequency), as required.
Common parameters of pantographs are:
– kinematics;
– transfer function;
– natural frequencies;
– mass distribution;
– degree of freedom of joints;
– damping characteristics;
– spring characteristics;
– friction values;
– stiffness;
– bump stops;
– location of application of the static contact force;
– location of application of the aerodynamic forces.
NOTE Aerodynamic forces usually depend on the orientation, operation height and position of the pantograph
and the type of train.
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6.2.2 Mass – spring – damper – models (lumped parameter models)
For mass – spring – damper – models (lumped parameter models), the following input is required:
– mass values of a minimum of two discrete mass elements;
– stiffness characteristics connecting the discrete masses, including any nonlinearity (if applicable);
– damping characteristics connecting the discrete masses, including any nonlinearity (if applicable);
– friction values (if applicable);
– bump stops (if applicable);
– application points of static and aerodynamic forces.
6.2.3 Multi-body models
For multi-body models, the following additional input is required:
– definition of all parts of the model including mass distributions, inertia characteristics, flexibility (if
applicable);
– kinematics, describing transmission of movements, kinds of joints and their position and limitations (if
applicable);
– internal forces applied to the system and their application points for springs, dampers and friction
elements;
– application points of static and aerodynamic forces.
6.2.4 Transfer function models
For transfer function models the following input is required:
– an analytical definition of the Laplace transform function, e.g. zeros and poles inside the frequency
range of interest, between the vertical displacement of the contact point and the contact force.
6.2.5 Hardware in the loop
Hardware in the loop uses the pantograph in its final configuration on the test rig. Aerodynamic effects shall
be implemented as an adjusted static contact force.
6.3 Validation of pantograph models
The validation of the pantograph models shall be carried out by comparison of the dynamic properties of
the pantograph model with those of the real pantograph as measured with a pantograph test rig. The
comparison shall be carried out using the same principle as used in the procedure “Calibration of the
measurement system” defined in EN 50317:2012, 7.5.
The test shall be carried out with the pantograph of interest and with its extension at a typical height inside
20 % to 80 % of the working range, as defined in EN 50206-1. The force shall be applied centrally to the
pantograph head.
The results are usable for 20 % to 80 % of the pantograph working range. Values outside this range require
additional investigations.
This test shall be carried out at the predicted mean contact force appropriate to the maximum design speed
for the pantograph. The mean contact force shall fulfil the requi
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 50318:2017
01-februar-2017
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Railway applications - Current collection systems - Validation of simulation of the
dynamic interaction between pantograph and overhead contact line
Bahnanwendungen - Stromabnahmesysteme - Validierung von Simulationssystemen für
das dynamische Zusammenwirken zwischen Dachstromabnehmer und Oberleitung
Applications ferroviaires - Systèmes de captage de courant - Validation des simulations
de l'interaction dynamique entre le pantographe et la caténaire
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 50318
ICS:
29.280 (OHNWULþQDYOHþQDRSUHPD Electric traction equipment
oSIST prEN 50318:2017 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 50318:2017
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oSIST prEN 50318:2017
EUROPEAN STANDARD DRAFT
prEN 50318
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2016
ICS 29.280 Will supersede EN 50318:2002
English Version
Railway applications - Current collection systems - Validation of
simulation of the dynamic interaction between pantograph and
overhead contact line
Applications ferroviaires - Systèmes de captage de courant Bahnanwendungen - Stromabnahmesysteme - Validierung
- Validation des simulations de l'interaction dynamique von Simulationssystemen für das dynamische
entre le pantographe et la caténaire Zusammenwirken zwischen Dachstromabnehmer und
Oberleitung
This draft European Standard is submitted to CENELEC members for enquiry.
Deadline for CENELEC: 2017-02-10.
It has been drawn up by CLC/SC 9XC.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CENELEC in three official versions (English, French, German).
A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to
the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
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Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
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Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Project: 60243 Ref. No. prEN 50318 E
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2 Contents Page
3 Foreword . 5
4 1 Scope . 6
5 2 Normative references . 6
6 3 Terms and definitions . 6
7 4 Symbols and abbreviations. 9
8 5 General . 10
9 5.1 Typical application 10
10 5.2 Overview of the validation process 10
11 6 Modelling of the pantograph . 13
12 6.1 General requirements 13
13 6.2 Input data requirements 13
14 6.3 Validation of pantograph models 14
15 7 Modelling of the overhead contact line . 15
16 7.1 General requirements 15
17 7.2 Data requirements 16
18 7.3 Static check of overhead contact line model 16
19 8 Parameters of simulation . 17
20 9 Output . 18
21 9.1 General 18
22 9.2 Contact force 18
23 Contact wire displacement 18
9.3
24 9.4 Pantograph displacement 19
25 10 Validation with measured values . 19
26 10.1 General 19
27 10.2 Comparison values 19
28 10.3 Limits of validation 20
29 11 Reference model . 21
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30 11.1 Purpose of reference model 21
31 11.2 Reference model data 21
32 11.3 Parameters of simulation 21
33 11.4 Reference model results 22
34 Annex A (normative) Reference model specification . 23
35 A.1 General . 23
36 A.2 Overhead contact line data . 23
37 A.2.1 General data . 23
38 A.2.2 Special data for the contact line reference model - AC - Simple . 25
39 A.2.3 Special data for the reference model of contact line AC - Stitched . 25
40 A.2.4 Special data for the reference model of contact line DC - simple . 26
41 A.3 Pantograph data . 28
42 A.4 Results of simulations for reference models . 28
43 Annex B (normative) Model specifications and measurement results for validation . 31
44 B.1 Measurement results of simple AC high speed contact line . 31
45 B.1.1 Simulation data for catenary model . 31
46 B.1.1.1 General . 31
47 B.1.1.2 Parameters of simulation . 31
48 B.1.1.3 Model parameter and mechanical data of OCL . 31
49 B.1.1.4 Geometrical data of overhead contact line . 32
50 B.1.1.5 Span definition . 33
51 B.1.1.6 Support definition . 34
52 B.1.1.7 Droppers . 36
53 B.1.1.7.1 Tension length 1 (first and last span without any droppers) . 36
54 B.1.1.7.2 Tension length 2 (first and last span without any droppers) . 38
55 B.1.2 Pantograph model . 41
56 B.1.3 Measured data of dynamic interaction for validation . 41
57 B.2 Measurement results of a stitched AC high speed contact line . 41
58 B.2.1 General . 41
59 B.2.2 Simulation data for catenary model . 41
60 B.2.2.1 Parameters of simulation . 41
61 B.2.2.2 Model parameter and mechanical data of OCL . 42
62 B.2.2.3 Geometrical data of overhead contact line . 44
63 B.2.2.4 Support data . 53
64 B.2.3 Pantograph data . 57
65 B.2.4 Calculated and measured data of OCL-rest position for validation . 58
66 B.2.5 Measured data of dynamic interaction for validation . 58
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67 Annex C (informative) Application road map . 60
68 Annex ZZ (informative) Coverage of Essential Requirements of EU Directives . 62
69 Bibliography . 63
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70 European foreword
71 This document has been prepared by CLC/SC 9XC, “Electric supply and earthing systems for public
72 transport equipment and ancillary apparatus (fixed installations) of CLC/TC 9X “Electrical and electronic
73 applications for railways”.
74 It is currently submitted to the Enquiry.
75 This document will supersede EN 50318:2002.
76 The following dates are proposed:
- latest date by which the existence of (doa) dor + 6 months
this document has to be announced
at national level
- latest date by which this document has to be (dop) dor + 12 months
implemented at national level by publication of
an identical national standard or by
endorsement
- latest date by which the national standards (dow) dor + 36 months
conflicting with this document have to (to be confirmed or
be withdrawn modified when
voting)
77 Annexes designated “normative” are part of the body of the standard.
78 In this standard, Annex A and Annex B are normative.
79 This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission
80 and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
81 For the relationship with EU Directive(s) 2008/57/EC, see informative Annex ZZ, which is an integral part
82 of this document.
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83 1 Scope
84 Simulation techniques are used to assess the dynamic interaction between overhead contact lines and
85 pantographs, as part of the prediction of current collection quality. This European Standard specifies
86 functional requirements for the validation of such simulation methods to ensure confidence in, and mutual
87 acceptance of the results of the simulations.
88 This standard deals with:
89 – input and output parameters of the simulation,
90 – comparison with line test measurements, and the characteristics of those line tests,
91 – comparison between different simulation methods, and
92 – limits of application of validated methods to assessments of pantographs and overhead contact lines
93 This standard applies to the current collection from an overhead contact line by pantographs mounted on
94 railway vehicles. It does not apply to trolley bus systems.
95 2 Normative references
96 The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
97 indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
98 references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
99 EN 50119, Railway applications — Fixed installations — Electric traction overhead contact lines
100 EN 50206-1, Railway applications — Rolling stock — Pantographs: Characteristics and tests — Part 1:
101 Pantographs for main line vehicles
102 EN 50206-2, Railway applications — Rolling stock — Pantographs: Characteristics and tests — Part 2:
103 Pantographs for metros and light rail vehicles
104 EN 50317, Railway applications — Current collection systems — Requirements for and validation of
105 measurements of the dynamic interaction between pantograph and overhead contact line
106 EN 50367, Railway applications — Current collection systems — Technical criteria for the interaction
107 between pantograph and overhead line (to achieve free access)
108 3 Terms and definitions
109 For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
110 3.1
111 contact point
112 point of mechanical contact between a contact strip and a contact wire
113 3.2
114 contact force
115 vertical force applied by the pantograph to the overhead contact line. The contact force is the sum of the
116 forces of all contact points
117 3.3
118 static force
119 mean vertical force exerted upward by the collector head on the overhead contact line, and caused by the
120 pantograph raising device, whilst the pantograph is raised and the vehicle is at standstill
121 [SOURCE: EN 50206-1]
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122 3.4
123 aerodynamic force
124 vertical force applied to the pantograph as a result of air flow around the pantograph components
125 3.5
126 mean contact force
127 arithmetic mean of contact force
128 3.6
129 standard deviation of contact force
130 square root of the sum of the square errors divided by the number of output values minus 1 of the contact
131 force
132 3.7
133 skewness of contact force
134 parameter that quantifies the symmetry of the shape of a data distribution, calculated as
3
∑−F F
( )
m
n
135 sk=
3
22
∑−F F
( )
m
n
136 3.8
137 excess of kurtosis of contact force
138 parameter that quantifies whether the shape of the data distribution matches the Gaussian distribution
139 calculated as
4
∑−F F
( )
m
n
140 .
ek − 3
2
2
∑−F F
( )
m
n
141 3.9
142 statistical minimum of contact force
143 value of contact force represented by F - 3 σ,
m
144 Note 1 to entry: In case of a Gaussian distribution 99,865 % of all contact forces will be higher than the statistical
145 minimum.
146 Note 2 to entry: As the distribution of forces in pantograph/OCL interaction is not a Normal (Gaussian) distribution,
147 then this will not be the minimum contact force observed.
148 3.10
149 statistical maximum of contact force
150 value of contact force represented by F + 3 σ
m
151 Note 1 to entry: In case of a Gaussian distribution 99,865 % of all contact forces will be less than the statistical
152 maximum.
153 Note 2 to entry: As the distribution of forces in pantograph/OCL interaction is not a Normal (Gaussian) distribution,
154 then this will not be the maximum contact force observed.
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155 3.11
156 minimum of contact force
157 minimum contact force while the pantograph passes over the analysis section
158 3.12
159 maximum of contact force
160 maximum contact force while the pantograph passes over the analysis section
161 3.13
162 loss of contact
163 condition when the contact force is zero
164 3.14
165 simulation method
166 any numerical method that uses a fixed set of input parameters describing a system (e.g.
167 pantograph/overhead contact line system) to calculate a set of output values representative of the
168 dynamic behaviour of this system
169 3.15
170 pantograph model
171 mathematical model in a one- or more-dimensional geometry describing the dynamic characteristics of
172 the pantograph
173 3.16
174 mass – spring – damper – model (lumped parameter model)
175 method representing a dynamic mechanical system (e.g. pantograph) as a series of discrete
176 concentrated masses connected together by spring and damper elements
177 3.17
178 transfer function of a pantograph
179 ratio of an applied force to the response of the pantograph, depending on frequency
180 3.18
181 apparent mass function of a pantograph
182 transfer function describing the relation between applied contact force and resulting acceleration at the
183 contact point for the frequency range of interest
184 3.19
185 hardware in the loop (HIL)
186 hybrid simulation/test rig measuring method, where a real pantograph responds interacting with a
187 simulation model of the overhead contact line
188 3.20
189 multibody model
190 method representing a dynamic mechanical system (e.g. pantograph) based on interconnected rigid or
191 flexible bodies
192 3.21
193 collector head
194 part of the pantograph supported by the frame, which includes contact strips, horns and may include a
195 suspension
196 3.22
197 dynamic overhead contact line model
198 mathematical model in a two- or three-dimensional geometry describing the dynamic characteristics of an
199 overhead contact line for interaction with pantographs
200 3.23
201 static model of an overhead contact line
202 mathematical model that describes the steady state of an overhead contact line at rest
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203 3.24
204 wave propagation speed of the contact wire
205 speed of a transversal wave, which runs along the contact wire
206 3.25
207 maximum uplift at the support
208 maximum value of the vertical uplift of the contact wire at each support within the analysis section, while
209 the pantograph passes
210 3.26
211 analysis section
212 subset of the total overhead contact line model length which consists of those parts over which the
213 passage of the pantographs is not influenced by initial transients and end effects of the model
214 3.27
215 frequency range of interest
216 frequency range within which the dynamic performance of the overhead contact line – pantograph system
217 is considered
218 3.28
219 dynamic interaction
220 behaviour between pantograph(s) and overhead contact line in contact, described by contact forces and
221 vertical displacements of contact point(s)
222 3.29
223 frequency band analysis
224 analysis inside a frequency range of interest using subranges of frequencies to study special topics
225 NOTE to entry: The use of subranges for frequencies give a relation of results with regarding geometrical
226 characteristics of the system, like dropper passing or span passing frequencies.
227 3.30
228 elasticity of overhead contact line
229 uplift divided by the force implied to the contact wire in static state.
230 3.31
231 range of vertical displacement of the point of contact
232 difference between maximum and minimum dynamic height of contact point, related to the track.
233 4 Symbols and abbreviations
234 For the purpose of this document, the following symbols and abbreviations apply.
235 α, β proportional damping coefficients
236 σ standard deviation of contact force
237 a measured vertical acceleration at the contact point
head,meas
238 a simulated vertical acceleration at the contact point
head,model
239 c damping of element n
n
240 structural damping matrix
C
s
241 E modulus of elasticity
242 e elasticity of contact line
243 ek excess of kurtosis of contact force
244 F contact force
245 F mean contact force
m
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246 F measured vertical force applied at the contact point
applied,meas
247 F simulated vertical force applied at the contact point
applied,model
248 f minimum frequency
1
249 f actual frequency
i
250 f maximum frequency
n
251 k stiffness of element n
n
252 K stiffness matrix
253 m mass of element n
n
254 M mass matrix
255 m measured apparent mass
app,meas
256 m apparent mass of the model
app,model
257 Q accuracy of the pantograph simulation model
258 sk skewness of contact force
259 OCL overhead contact line
260 HIL hardware in the loop
261 5 General
262 5.1 Typical application
263 One of the purposes of the application of this standard is to inform the process for seeking authorisation
264 for an OCL or pantograph design. In Annex C, Figure C.1 shows the route through to assessment of an
265 OCL system in accordance with the ENE TSI [1], and Figure C.2 the assessment of a pantograph in
266 accordance with the LOC & PAS TSI [2], for European Interoperability. Note that other process flows will
267 be applicable for other purposes, such as research, technical development, etc.
268 5.2 Overview of the validation process
269 The theoretical study of the dynamic interaction between pantograph and overhead contact line by
270 computer simulation makes it possible to obtain much information about the system and to minimise the
271 costs of line tests.
272 In order to be used with confidence the simulation method shall be validated. The validation for a
273 simulation method shall be done in a process described in Figure 1.
274 A simulation method validated according to this standard, shall be considered for application to overhead
275 contact line/pantograph combinations and conditions only within the limits of validity defined in 10.3.
276 The validation for a simulation method shall be done with the steps which are shown in Figure 1. The
277 steps are:
278 1. When the conditions to apply simulation are outside the limitations defined in 10.3 for existing
279 validations a new validation shall be made.
280 2. A first validation step shall be done by a “Desktop Assessment” in accordance to Clause 11. The
281 reference model data shall be chosen from reference models in Annex A as most relevant for the
282 conditions to validate for.
283 NOTE This Desktop Assessment will improve the confidence in the simulation method. As Annex A cannot
284 cover all possible solutions and combinations a choice from this subset is necessary.
285 For validation of simulation methods implemented for new technologies in ways that are totally different
286 from the current state of the art, and which are not able to use models with the data according to
287 Annex A, the “Desktop Assessment” may be omitted.
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288 3. The final assessment shall be done by a “Line Test Data Validation” based on test results according
289 to 10.1 to demonstrate the accuracy of simulation according to 10.2.
290 If the accuracy according to either 10.2 or to 11.4 cannot be achieved then the simulation method shall be
291 improved according to 6.3 for pantograph model adjustments and according to 7.3 for contact line model
292 before revalidation.
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293
294 Figure 1 — Evaluation process
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295 6 Modelling of the pantograph
296 6.1 General requirements
297 A pantograph model shall describe the dynamic characteristics of a pantograph, regarding interaction with
298 overhead contact lines, in the frequency range of interest.
299 Commonly used pantograph models are:
300 – mass – spring – damper – models (lumped parameter models);
301 – transfer function models;
302 – multi-body models;
303 – physical pantographs, when hardware in the loop (HIL) is adopted.
304 The pantograph may be modelled with one or more dimensional geometry, depending on the phenomena
305 to be investigated.
306 The characteristics of control and the dynamic characteristics of active pantographs shall be available for
307 the modelling method.
308 Aerodynamic effects on the pantograph shall as a minimum be considered by enhancing the mean
309 contact force as a function of speed.
310 6.2 Input data requirements
311 6.2.1 General
312 Depending on the modelling method and the individual pantograph characteristics, the relevant
313 parameters appropriate to fully describe the pantograph shall be available for simulation.
314 These parameters shall take into account other dependencies (operation height, stagger, non-linearities,
315 frequency), as required.
316 Common parameters of pantographs are:
317 – kinematics;
318 – transfer function;
319 – natural frequencies;
320 – mass distribution;
321 – degree of freedom of joints;
322 – damping characteristics;
323 – spring characteristics;
324 – friction values;
325 – stiffness;
326 – bump stops;
327 – location of application of the static force;
328 – location of application of the aerodynamic forces.
329 NOTE Aerodynamic forces usually depend on the orientation, operation height and position of the pantograph
330 and the type of train.
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331 6.2.2 Mass – spring – damper – models (lumped parameter models)
332 For Mass – spring – damper – models (lumped parameter models) following input is required:
333 – mass values of a minimum of two discrete mass elements;
334 – stiffness characteristics connecting the discrete masses, including any nonlinearity (if applicable);
335 – damping characteristics connecting the discrete masses, including any nonlinearity (if applicable);
336 – friction values (if applicable);
337 – bump stops (if applicable);
338 – application points of static and aerodynamic forces.
339 6.2.3 Multi-body models
340 For multi-body models following input is required:
341 – definition of all parts of the model including mass distributions, inertia characteristics, flexibility (if
342 applicable);
343 – kinematics, describing transmission of movements, kinds of joints and their position and limitations (if
344 applicable);
345 – internal forces applied to the system and their application points for springs, dampers and friction
346 elements;
347 – application points of static and aerodynamic forces.
348 6.2.4 Transfer function models
349 For transfer function models the following input is required:
350 – an analytical definition of the Laplace transform function, e.g. zeros and poles inside the frequency
351 range of interest, between the vertical displacement of the contact point and the contact force.
352 6.2.5 Hardware in the loop
353 Hardware in the loop uses the pantograph in its final configuration at the test rig. Aerodynamic effects
354 shall be implemented in an adjusted static force.
355 6.3 Validation of pantograph models
356 The validation of the pantograph models shall be carried out by comparison of the dynamic properties of
357 the pantograph model with those of the real pantograph as measured with a pantograph test rig. The
358 comparison shall be carried out using the same principle as used in the procedure “Calibration of the
359 measurement system” described in EN 50317:2012, 7.5.
360 The test shall be carried out with the pantograph of interest and with its extension at a characteristic
361 height inside the working range. The force shall be applied centrally to the pantograph head.
362 NOTE 1 The results are usable for the whole pantograph working range with the exception of the extreme values.
363 This test shall be carried out at the predicted mean contact force appropriate to the maximum design
364 speed for the pantograph. The mean contact force shall fulfil the requirements of EN 50367:2012 for the
365 designated speed.
366 Measurements of the applied vertical force (F ) and the resulting vertical acceleration at the contact
applied
367 point (a ) shall be taken applying sinusoidal excitations at frequencies from 0,5 Hz up to 20 Hz in
head
368 0,5 Hz steps.
369 The intervals may be reduced at resonant frequencies.
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370 The amplitude of excitation shall be high enough to overcome the static friction in the pantograph.
371 NOTE 2 An amplitude of the higher of ± 15 % of the mean contact force or ± 20 N usually gives representative
372 results.
373 Based on the measurements of the applied force and the acceleration at the contact point, the measured
374 apparent mass (m ) in kilograms shall be determined for the frequency range of interest:
app,meas
F
applied,meas
375
...
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