SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020
(Main)Information technology - Data centre facilities and infrastructures - Part 4-6: Energy Reuse Factor
Information technology - Data centre facilities and infrastructures - Part 4-6: Energy Reuse Factor
This EN specifies the so-called Energy Reuse Factor (ERF) as a KPI to quantify the reuse of the energy consumed in the data centre. The ERF does reflect the efficiency of the reuse process, however, the reuse process is not part of the data centre.
Informationstechnik - Einrichtungen und Infrastrukturen von Rechenzentren - Teil 4-6: Faktor der Energiewiederverwendung
Technologie de l’information - Installation et infrastructures de centres de traitement de données - Partie 4-6: Facteur d’énergie renouvelable
Le présent document:
a) spécifie le facteur d’énergie renouvelable (ERF), à titre de KPI, afin de quantifier la réutilisation de
l’énergie consommée dans le centre de traitement de données;
b) définit le mesurage, le calcul et la génération de rapports de l’ERF;
c) décrit l’application de l’ERF et sa différence par rapport à l’efficacité de l’utilisation de l’énergie (PUE).
L’ERF ne reflète pas l’efficacité du processus de réutilisation, qui n’est pas pris en charge par le centre de
traitement de données.
Informacijska tehnologija - Naprave in infrastruktura podatkovnih centrov - 4-6. del: Faktor ponovne uporabe energije
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020
01-september-2020
Informacijska tehnologija - Naprave in infrastruktura podatkovnih centrov - 4-6.
del: Faktor ponovne uporabe energije
Information technology - Data centre facilities and infrastructures - Part 4-6: Energy
Reuse Factor
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50600-4-6:2020
ICS:
27.015 Energijska učinkovitost. Energy efficiency. Energy
Ohranjanje energije na conservation in general
splošno
35.110 Omreževanje Networking
SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50600-4-6
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2020
ICS 35.020; 35.110; 35.160
English Version
Information technology - Data centre facilities and infrastructures
- Part 4-6: Energy Reuse Factor
To be completed Informationstechnik - Einrichtungen und Infrastrukturen von
Rechenzentren - Teil 4-6: Faktor der
Energiewiederverwendung
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2020-01-13. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 50600-4-6:2020 E
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020
EN 50600-4-6:2020 (E)
Contents Page
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations and symbols . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Abbreviations . 7
3.3 Symbols . 8
4 Applicable area of the data centre . 8
5 Determination of Energy Reuse Factor (ERF) . 9
6 Measurement of E and E . 10
Reuse DC
7 Application of Energy Reuse Factor (ERF) . 11
8 Reporting and trend tracking of Energy Reuse Factor . 11
8.1 Reporting of Energy Reuse Factor (ERF) . 11
8.1.1 Standard construct for communicating ERF data . 11
8.1.2 Data for public reporting of ERF . 11
8.2 Recommendations for trend tracking data . 12
8.3 ERF derivatives, interim ERF . 12
Annex A (informative) Examples of ERF use . 13
Annex B (informative) Energy Conversion Factors — Energy Measurement at the Data Centre
Boundary . 20
Bibliography . 21
List of Figures
Figure 1 — Schematic relationship between the EN 50600 series of documents . 5
Figure 2 — Simplistic data centre components and boundary . 9
Figure A.1 — Reuse of data centre waste heat . 13
Figure A.2 — Schematic showing reuse of heat within the data centre . 14
Figure A.3 – Reuse of heat with heat pumps inside a data centre . 16
Figure A.4 – Reuse of heat with heat pumps or heat exchangers outside a data centre only . 17
Figure A.5 – Reuse of waste heat with heat pumps and liquid cooled parts . 18
Figure A.6 – Reuse of waste heat with mixed arrangements . 19
List of Tables
Table B.1 — Energy measurement methods at the data centre boundary . 20
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020
EN 50600-4-6:2020 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 50600-4-6:2020) has been prepared by CLC/TC 215 “Electrotechnical aspects of
telecommunication equipment”.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which this document has (dop) 2021-01-17
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2023-07-17
standards conflicting with this document
have to be withdrawn
This document is based on the text of ISO/IEC DIS 30134-6:2019.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission and
the European Free Trade Association.
3
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020
EN 50600-4-6:2020 (E)
Introduction
The unrestricted access to internet-based information demanded by the information society has led to an
exponential growth of both internet traffic and the volume of stored/retrieved data. Data centres are housing
and supporting the information technology and network telecommunications equipment for data processing,
data storage and data transport. They are required both by network operators (delivering those services to
customer premises) and by enterprises within those customer premises.
Data centres need to provide modular, scalable and flexible facilities and infrastructures to easily
accommodate the rapidly changing requirements of the market. In addition, energy consumption of data
centres has become critical both from an environmental point of view (reduction of carbon footprint) and with
respect to economic considerations (cost of energy) for the data centre operator.
The implementation of data centres varies in terms of:
a) purpose (enterprise, co-location, co-hosting, or network operator facilities);
b) security level;
c) physical size;
d) accommodation (mobile, temporary and permanent constructions).
The needs of data centres also vary in terms of availability of service, the provision of security and the
objectives for energy efficiency. These needs and objectives influence the design of data centres in terms of
building construction, power distribution, environmental control and physical security. Effective management
and operational information is required to monitor achievement of the defined needs and objectives.
The EN 50600 series specifies requirements and recommendations to support the various parties involved in
the design, planning, procurement, integration, installation, operation and maintenance of facilities and
infrastructures within data centres. These parties include:
1) owners, facility managers, ICT managers, project managers, main contractors;
2) architects, consultants, building designers and builders, system and installation designers;
3) facility and infrastructure integrators, suppliers of equipment;
4) installers, maintainers.
At the time of publication of this document, the EN 50600 series comprises the following standards and
documents:
— EN 50600-1, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 1: General
concepts;
— EN 50600-2-1, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 2-1: Building
construction;
— EN 50600-2-2, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 2-2: Power
distribution;
— EN 50600-2-3, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 2-3:
Environmental control;
— EN 50600-2-4, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 2-4:
Telecommunications cabling infrastructure;
— EN 50600-2-5, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 2-5: Security
systems;
4
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020
EN 50600-4-6:2020 (E)
— EN 50600-3-1, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 3-1:
Management and operational information;
— EN 50600-4-1, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 4-1: Overview
of and general requirements for key performance indicators;
— EN 50600-4-2, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 4-2: Power
Usage Effectiveness;
— EN 50600-4-3, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 4-3: Renewable
Energy Factor;
— EN 50600-4-6, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 4-6: Energy
Reuse Factor;
— EN 50600-4-7, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 4-7: Cooling
Efficiency Ratio;
— CLC/TR 50600-99-1, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 99-1:
Recommended practices for energy management;
— CLC/TR 50600-99-2, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 99-2:
Recommended practices for environmental sustainability;
— CLC/TR 50600-99-3, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 99-3:
Guidance to the application of EN 50600 series.
The inter-relationship of the standards within the EN 50600 series is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Schematic relationship between the EN 50600 series of documents
5
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020
EN 50600-4-6:2020 (E)
EN 50600-2-X standards specify requirements and recommendations for particular facilities and
infrastructures to support the relevant classification for “availability”, “physical security” and “energy efficiency
enablement” selected from EN 50600-1.
EN 50600-3-X documents specify requirements and recommendations for data centre operations, processes
and management.
EN 50600-4-X documents specify requirements and recommendations for key performance indicators (KPIs)
used to assess and improve the resource usage efficiency and effectiveness, respectively, of a data centre.
In today’s digital society data centre growth, and power consumption in particular, is an inevitable
consequence and that growth will demand increasing power consumption despite the most stringent energy
efficiency strategies. This makes the need for key performance indicators that cover the effective use of
resources (including but not limited to energy) and the reduction of CO emissions essential.
2
NOTE Within the EN 50600-4-X series, the term “resource usage effectiveness” is more generally used for KPIs in
preference to “resource usage efficiency”, which is restricted to situations where the input and output parameters used to
define the KPI have the same units.
In order to enable the optimum resource effectiveness of data centres a suite of effective KPIs is needed to
measure and report on resources consumed in order to develop an improvement roadmap.
These standards are intended to accelerate the provision of operational infrastructures with improved
resource usage effectiveness.
This document specifies the Energy Reuse Factor (ERF), i.e. the reuse of the energy consumed in a data
centre.
This document is intended for use by data centre managers. The use of the Energy Reuse Factor as a key
performance indicator provides data centre managers with greater visibility into energy efficiency in data
centres that make beneficial use of any reused energy from the data centre.
Additional standards in the EN 50600-4-X series will be developed, each describing a specific KPI for
resource usage effectiveness or efficiency.
The EN 50600-4-X series does not specify limits or targets for any KPI and does not describe or imply, unless
specifically stated, any form of aggregation of individual KPIs into a combined nor an overall KPI for data
centre resource usage effectiveness or efficiency.
This document is intended for use by and collaboration between data centre managers, facility managers, ICT
managers, and main contractors.
This series of European Standards does not address the selection of information technology and network
telecommunications equipment, software and associated configuration issues.
6
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020
EN 50600-4-6:2020 (E)
1 Scope
This document:
a) specifies the Energy Reuse Factor (ERF) as a KPI to quantify the reuse of the energy consumed in the
data centre;
b) defines the measurement, the calculation and the reporting of ERF;
c) describes the application of ERF and its discrimination from Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE).
The ERF does reflect the efficiency of the reuse process, which is not part of the data centre.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 50600-4-1:2016, Information technology - Data centre facilities and infrastructures - Part 4-1: Overview of
and general requirements for key performance indicators
ISO 8601 series, Date and time - Representations for information interchange
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 50600-4-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
reuse of energy
utilization of energy used in the data centre to an alternate purpose outside the data centre boundary
Note 1 to entry: Energy ejected to the environment does not constitute reused energy.
3.1.2
handoff point
point at the boundary of the data centre where energy is measured and is handed off to another party which
utilizes the energy outside data centre boundary
Note 1 to entry: An example of another party is an energy company.
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply.
ERF Energy Reuse Factor
GPU Graphics Processing Unit
HPC High Performance Computing
7
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020
EN 50600-4-6:2020 (E)
KVM keyboard, video and mouse
IT Information Technology
PUE Power Usage Effectiveness
PDU Power Distribution Unit
r.m.s root mean square
UPS Uninterruptible Power System
3.3 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply.
E energy used by the entire cooling system attributable to the data centre including support spaces
COOLING
(annual)
E total data centre energy consumption (annual)
DC
EEXCESS data centre excess energy (annual)
E IT equipment energy consumption (annual)
IT
EIN electricity delivered to the data centre at its boundary
E energy used to light the data centre and support spaces (annual)
LIGHTING
EPOWER energy lost in the power distribution system through line-loss and other infrastructure (e.g. UPS or
PDU) inefficiencies (annual)
Eren renewable energy in kWh owned and controlled by a data centre
E energy from the data centre (annual) that is used outside of the data centre and which substitutes
Reuse
partly or totally energy needed outside the data centre boundary (annual)
4 Applicable area of the data centre
For the determination of ERF, the data centre under consideration shall be viewed at as a system bounded by
interfaces through which energy flows (see Figure 2). The calculation of ERF accounts for energy crossing
this boundary. The bounded areas are the same as that used in calculations for PUE and other KPIs in the
EN 50600-4 series.
As shown in Figure 2, the data centre boundary is “drawn” around the data centre at the point of handoff from
the utility provider. This is a critical distinction when alternate energy types and mixed-use buildings are
analysed. It is equally important to ensure all energy types are included in ERF. All energy carriers (such as
fuel oil, natural gas, etc.) and energy generated elsewhere (such as electricity, chilled water, etc.) that feed the
data centre shall be included in the calculation.
Assuming there is no energy storage, conservation of energy requires that the energy into the data centre
shall equal the energy out. In the simple schematic of Figure 2, that means A + B = F. This is oversimplified,
as there are losses and heat generated at the cooling (A minus E), uninterruptible power system (UPS), and
power distribution unit (PDU) (B minus D) points as well, but this waste heat also shall leave the boundary.
Once a boundary is defined for a data centre, it can be used to properly understand the ERF concept.
8
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020
EN 50600-4-6:2020 (E)
Figure 2 — Simplistic data centre components and boundary
NOTE 1 It is critical to include all energy carriers at the point of utility handoff. It is also critical to include all of the data
centre’s energy consumption in the calculations, which includes but is not limited to generators, inside and outside lighting,
fire detection and suppression, associated office/cubicle space for data centre personnel, receiving areas, storage areas,
and the same. For clarity, the diagrams only show the large components to demonstrate the ERF concept.
ERF only considers energy being reused outside the boundary of a data centre.
NOTE 2 Energy reused inside the data centre boundary is not counted towards ERF as it already is accounted for in a
lower PUE and including it in ERF is double counting. Examples of this are shown in Annex A.
NOTE 3 The PUE in this subclause is as specified in EN 50600-4-2.
In Figure 2, any portion of (F) that is reused outside the data centre boundary (such as in a mixed-use building
or a different building and not directly rejected to the atmosphere) is considered reused energy for determining
ERF.
To determine ERF, the practitioner will need to identify and account for all energy streams crossing the data
centre boundary coming in and any energy streams that will have beneficial use going out of the data centre
boundary.
The energy coming in would typically be electricity but can also be natural gas, diesel fuel, chilled water, or
conditioned air from another space.
The energy leaving the data centre boundary will most often take the form of heated water or heated airflow;
these are what this document considers to be potentially reused energy. However, any form of energy that is
reused outside of the data centre boundary shall be accounted for.
Processes that take advantage of the reused energy for other uses are outside the data centre boundary and
the benefits of that reused energy and the efficiency of the reuse process are not considered in the ERF.
Examples of ERF usage are described in Annex A.
5 Determination of Energy Reuse Factor (ERF)
ERF provides a way to determine the factor of energy reuse. Heat is the most common example, where some
of the heat produced by the data centre is utilized for beneficial purposes outside the data centre boundary
and is not regarded as waste heat.
ERF will range from 0,0 to 1,0. An ERF of 0,0 means that no energy is reused, while a value of 1,0 means,
theoretically, all the energy brought into the data centre is reused.
9
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020
EN 50600-4-6:2020 (E)
The Energy Reuse Factor (ERF) is defined as:
E
Reuse
(1)
ERF=
E
DC
where
EReuse = energy from the data centre (annual) that is used outside of the data centre and which substitutes
partly or totally energy needed outside the data centre boundary (annual)
EDC = total data centre energy consumption (annual)
Where the only energy source is from an electrical utility, EDC is determined by the energy measured at the
utility meter. ERF may be applied in mixed use buildings when measurement of the difference between the
energy used for the data centre and that for other functions is possible.
EDC includes EIT plus all the energy that is consumed to support the following infrastructures:
a) power delivery - including uninterruptible power systems (UPS), switchgear, generators, power
distribution units (PDUs), batteries, and distribution losses external to the IT equipment;
b) cooling system - including chillers, cooling towers, pumps, computer room air handling units (CRAHs),
computer room air conditioning units (CRACs), and direct expansion air handler (DX) units;
c) others including data centre lighting, elevator, security system, and fire suppression system;
d) all the infrastructure needed to transfer or to enhance the reused heat flow to the handoff point at the data
centre boundary.
EIT is the energy consumed by IT equipment (annual) that is used to capture, manage, process, store, or
transmit data within the compute space, which includes but not limited to:
1) IT equipment (e.g. compute, storage, and network equipment);
2) supplemental equipment (e.g. KVM switches, monitors, and workstations/laptops used to monitor,
manage, and/or control the data centre).
6 Measurement of E and E
Reuse DC
The measurement of the EDC shall be done at the boundary of the data centre at the handoff point, where the
data centre operator measures the power acquired from the energy supplier. If the energy is produced inside
the physical boundaries of the data centre, the point of measurement shall be at the logical boundary.
The measurement of the EReuse shall be done at the logical boundary of the data centre at the handoff point,
where the energy provided is handed off to be used by the other party. In most cases, the energy transferred
is in the form of thermal energy, measured by increase in temperature and flow with reference to incoming
provision (see Annex B). The measurements shall be converted to the equivalent units used for EDC, i.e. kWh,
in. The measurement and conversion shall be carried out at the hand off point of the data centre boundary.
Measurement of E shall be undertaken using either:
DC
a) watt meters with the capability to report energy use or
b) kilowatt-hour (kWh) meters that report the “true” energy (true r.m.s.), via the simultaneous measurement
of the voltage, current, and power factor over time.
In case of EReuse, where the measurement is often made from the fluid or gaseous flow, where the energy is
transferred as heat, the measurement shall be undertaken with meters capable of measuring the energy
added to the flow from the data centre boundary.
NOTE Kilovolt-ampere (kVA), the product of voltage and current, is not an acceptable measurement. Though the
product of volts and amperes mathematically results in watts, “true” energy is determined by integrating a power factor
corrected value of volts and amperes. The frequency, phase variance, and load reaction causes energy calculation
10
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020
EN 50600-4-6:2020 (E)
difference between apparent energy and “true” energy. The error is inherently significant when power delivery includes
alternating current (AC). Kilovolt-ampere (kVA) measurements can be used for other functions in the data centre,
however, kVA is insufficient for these measurements.
ERF without any subscripts shall be determined as an annualized value.
7 Application of Energy Reuse Factor (ERF)
ERF can be used by data centre managers to monitor and report reused energy in relation to energy
consumption in the data centre.
This KPI can be used independently but to get a more holistic picture of the resource efficiency of the data
centre, other KPIs of the EN 50600-4 series should be considered.
8 Reporting and trend tracking of Energy Reuse Factor (ERF)
8.1 Reporting of Energy Reuse Factor (ERF)
8.1.1 Standard construct for communicating ERF data
For a reported ERF to be meaningful, the reporting organization shall provide the following information:
a) the data centre (including the boundaries of the structure) under inspection;
b) the ERF value;
c) the kind of energy reused (thermal, electrical, chemical, mechanical);
d) the termination date of the period of measurement using the format of ISO 8601 series (e.g. yyyy-mm-
dd).
As seasonal changes can affect the amount of the energy reused, the reported value shall be annualized.
8.1.2 Data for public reporting of ERF
8.1.2.1 Required information
The following data shall be provided, when publicly reporting ERF data:
a) contact information;
Only the organization’s name or contact should be displayed in public inquiries.
b) data centre location information (address, county or region);
Only state or local region information are required to be displayed in public inquiries.
c) measurement results: ERF with appropriate nomenclature;
d) the kind of energy reused (thermal, electrical, chemical, mechanical).
8.1.2.2 Supporting evidence (where required by authorities having jurisdiction)
Information on the data centre which shall be available upon request as a minimum includes:
a) organization’s name, contact information and regional environmental description;
b) measurement results: ERF with appropriate nomenclature;
c) EDC and EReuse;
11
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
SIST EN 50600-4-6:2020
EN 50600-4-6:2020 (E)
d) measurement(s) start dates and assessment completion dates;
e) the accuracy level (EN 62052 series and EN 62053 series provide a reference for measurement of
electrical energy);
f) report on the size of computer room, telecom room and control room spaces;
g) external environmental conditions consisting of minimum, maximum and average temperature, humidity
and altitude;
h) General description of the use of the energy outside the data centre boundary and name of the receiving
entity.
8.2 Recommendations for trend tracking data
The following information can be useful in tracking the ERF trends within a data centre:
a) data centre size (facility square meters);
b) total data centre design load for the facility (e.g. 10,2 MW);
c) name of the possible auditor and method used for auditing;
d) data centre contact information ;
e) data centre environmental conditions;
f) data centre’s mission;
g) data centre archetype percentages (e.g. 20 % web hosting, 80 % email);
h) data centre commissioned date;
i) numbers of servers, routers, and storage devices;
j) average and peak server CPU utilization;
k) percentage of servers using virtualization;
l) average age of IT e
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 50600-4-6:2019
01-julij-2019
Informacijska tehnologija - Naprave in infrastruktura podatkovnih centrov - 4-6.
del: Faktor ponovne uporabe energije
Information technology - Data centre facilities and infrastructures - Part 4-6: Energy
Reuse Factor
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 50600-4-6:2019
ICS:
27.015 Energijska učinkovitost. Energy efficiency. Energy
Ohranjanje energije na conservation in general
splošno
35.110 Omreževanje Networking
oSIST prEN 50600-4-6:2019 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 50600-4-6:2019
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 50600-4-6:2019
EUROPEAN STANDARD DRAFT
prEN 50600-4-6
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2019
ICS
English Version
Information technology - Data centre facilities and infrastructures
- Part 4-6: Energy Reuse Factor
To be completed To be completed
This draft European Standard is submitted to CENELEC members for enquiry.
Deadline for CENELEC: 2019-08-09.
It has been drawn up by CLC/TC 215.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CENELEC in three official versions (English, French, German).
A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to
the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Project: 67912 Ref. No. prEN 50600-4-6:2019 E
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 50600-4-6:2019
prEN 50600-4-6:2019 (E)
1 Contents
2 European foreword . 3
3 Introduction . 4
4 1 Scope . 7
5 2 Normative references . 7
6 3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations and symbols . 7
7 3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
8 3.2 Abbreviations . 8
9 3.3 Symbols . 8
10 4 Applicable area of the data centre . 8
11 5 Determination of Energy Reuse Factor (ERF) . 9
12 6 Measurement of E and E . 10
Reuse DC
13 7 Application of Energy Reuse Factor (ERF) . 11
14 8 Reporting and trend tracking of Energy Reuse Factor . 11
15 8.1 Reporting of Energy Reuse Factor (ERF) . 11
16 8.2 Recommendations for trend tracking data . 12
17 8.3 ERF derivatives, interim ERF . 13
18 Annex A (informative) Examples of ERF use . 14
19 A.1 General . 14
20 A.2 Correct use of ERF . 14
21 A.2.1 Warm air/water reuse outside the data centre boundary . 14
22 A.2.2 Heat to run an absorption chiller or using heat pump to increase temperature . 14
23 A.2.3 Heat to generate electricity used elsewhere . 15
24 A.3 Incorrect use of ERF . 15
25 A.3.1 Heat to run an absorption chiller or generate electricity for use in the data centre . 15
26 A.3.2 Heating a data centre support space or pre-heating of data centre generators . 15
27 A.4 Split-system complications - Heat to run an absorption chiller . 16
28 A.5 Heat pumps and liquid cooling . 16
29 A.5.1 General . 16
30 A.5.2 Heat pumps for cooling purpose only . 17
31 A.5.3 Heat pumps for heating purpose and mixed arrangements . 17
32 Annex B (informative) Energy Conversion Factors - Energy Measurement at the Data Centre
33 Boundary . 18
34 Bibliography . 19
35
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 50600-4-6:2019
prEN 50600-4-6:2019 (E)
36 European foreword
37 This document (prEN 50600-4-6:2019) has been prepared by CLC/TC 215 “Electrotechnical aspects of
38 telecommunication equipment”.
39 This document is currently submitted to the Enquiry.
40 The following dates are proposed:
• latest date by which the existence of this (doa) dor + 6 months
document has to be announced at national
level
• latest date by which this document has to be (dop) dor + 12 months
implemented at national level by publication of
an identical national standard or by
endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards (dow) dor + 36 months
conflicting with this document have to be (to be confirmed or
withdrawn modified when voting)
41 This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission and
42 the European Free Trade Association.
3
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 50600-4-6:2019
prEN 50600-4-6:2019 (E)
43 Introduction
44 The unrestricted access to internet-based information demanded by the information society has led to an
45 exponential growth of both internet traffic and the volume of stored/retrieved data. Data centres are housing
46 and supporting the information technology and network telecommunications equipment for data processing,
47 data storage and data transport. They are required both by network operators (delivering those services to
48 customer premises) and by enterprises within those customer premises.
49 Data centres need to provide modular, scalable and flexible facilities and infrastructures to easily
50 accommodate the rapidly changing requirements of the market. In addition, energy consumption of data
51 centres has become critical both from an environmental point of view (reduction of carbon footprint) and with
52 respect to economic considerations (cost of energy) for the data centre operator.
53 The implementation of data centres varies in terms of:
54 a) purpose (enterprise, co-location, co-hosting, or network operator facilities);
55 b) security level;
56 c) physical size;
57 d) accommodation (mobile, temporary and permanent constructions).
58 The needs of data centres also vary in terms of availability of service, the provision of security and the
59 objectives for energy efficiency. These needs and objectives influence the design of data centres in terms of
60 building construction, power distribution, environmental control and physical security. Effective management
61 and operational information is required to monitor achievement of the defined needs and objectives.
62 This series of European Standards specifies requirements and recommendations to support the various
63 parties involved in the design, planning, procurement, integration, installation, operation and maintenance of
64 facilities and infrastructures within data centres. These parties include:
65 1) owners, facility managers, ICT managers, project managers, main contractors;
66 2) architects, consultants, building designers and builders, system and installation designers;
67 3) facility and infrastructure integrators, suppliers of equipment;
68 4) installers, maintainers.
69 At the time of publication of this European Standard, the EN 50600 series will comprise the following
70 standards and documents:
71 — EN 50600-1, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 1: General
72 concepts;
73 — EN 50600-2-1, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 2-1: Building
74 construction;
75 — EN 50600-2-2, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 2-2: Power
76 distribution;
77 — EN 50600-2-3, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 2-3:
78 Environmental control;
79 — EN 50600-2-4, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 2-4:
80 Telecommunications cabling infrastructure;
81 — EN 50600-2-5, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 2-5: Security
82 systems;
4
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 50600-4-6:2019
prEN 50600-4-6:2019 (E)
83 — EN 50600-3-1, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 3-1:
84 Management and operational information;
85 — EN 50600-4-1, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 4-1: Overview
86 of and general requirements for key performance indicators;
87 — EN 50600-4-2, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 4-2: Power
88 Usage Effectiveness;
89 — EN 50600-4-3, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 4-3: Renewable
90 Energy Factor;
91 — CLC/TR 50600-99-1, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 99-1:
92 Recommended practices for energy management;
93 — CLC/TR 50600-99-2, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 99-2:
94 Recommended practices for environmental sustainability;
95 — CLC/TR 50600-99-3, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 99-3:
96 Guidance to the application of EN 50600 series.
97 The inter-relationship of the standards within the EN 50600 series is shown in Figure 1.
98
99 Figure 1 — Schematic relationship between the EN 50600 series of documents
100 EN 50600-2-X standards specify requirements and recommendations for particular facilities and
101 infrastructures to support the relevant classification for “availability”, “physical security” and “energy efficiency
102 enablement” selected from EN 50600-1.
103 EN 50600-3-X documents specify requirements and recommendations for data centre operations, processes
104 and management.
105 EN 50600-4-X documents specify requirements and recommendations for key performance indicators (KPIs)
106 used to assess and improve the resource usage efficiency and effectiveness, respectively, of a data centre.
5
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 50600-4-6:2019
prEN 50600-4-6:2019 (E)
107 In today’s digital society data centre growth, and power consumption in particular, is an inevitable
108 consequence and that growth will demand increasing power consumption despite the most stringent energy
109 efficiency strategies. This makes the need for key performance indicators that cover the effective use of
110 resources (including but not limited to energy) and the reduction of CO emissions essential.
2
111 NOTE Within the EN 50600-4-X series, the term “resource usage effectiveness” is more generally used for KPIs in
112 preference to “resource usage efficiency”, which is restricted to situations where the input and output parameters used to
113 define the KPI have the same units.
114 In order to enable the optimum resource effectiveness of data centres a suite of effective KPIs is needed to
115 measure and report on resources consumed in order to develop an improvement roadmap.
116 These standards are intended to accelerate the provision of operational infrastructures with improved
117 resource usage effectiveness.
118 This European Standard specifies the Energy Reuse Factor (ERF), which provides a quantitative metric for
119 the actual use of renewable energy, in the form of electricity, in a data centre.
120 This European Standard is intended for use by data centre managers. The use of the Energy Reuse Factor as
121 a key performance indicator provides data centre managers with greater visibility into energy efficiency in data
122 centres that make beneficial use of any reused energy from the data centre.
123 Additional standards in the EN 50600-4-X series will be developed, each describing a specific KPI for
124 resource usage effectiveness or efficiency.
125 The EN 50600-4-X series does not specify limits or targets for any KPI and does not describe or imply, unless
126 specifically stated, any form of aggregation of individual KPIs into a combined nor an overall KPI for data
127 centre resource usage effectiveness or efficiency.
128 This European Standard is intended for use by and collaboration between data centre managers, facility
129 managers, ICT managers, and main contractors.
130 This series of European Standards does not address the selection of information technology and network
131 telecommunications equipment, software and associated configuration issues.
6
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 50600-4-6:2019
prEN 50600-4-6:2019 (E)
132 1 Scope
133 This document
134 a) specifies the Energy Reuse Factor (ERF) as a KPI to quantify the reuse of the energy consumed in the data
135 centre;
136 b) defines the measurement, the calculation and the reporting of ERF;
137 c) describes the application of ERF and its discrimination from Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE).
138 The ERF does reflect the efficiency of the reuse process, which is not part of the data centre.
139 2 Normative references
140 The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
141 requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
142 the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
143 EN 50600-4-1:2016, Information technology - Data centre facilities and infrastructures - Part 4-1: Overview of
144 and general requirements for key performance indicators
145 ISO 8601 (series), Date and time - Representations for information interchange
146 3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations and symbols
147 3.1 Terms and definitions
148 For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 50600-4-1 and the following apply.
149 ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
150 — IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
151 — ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
152 3.1.1
153 reuse of energy
154 utilization of energy used in the data centre to an alternate purpose outside the data centre boundary
155 Note 1 to entry: Energy ejected to the environment does not constitute reused energy.
156 3.1.2
157 handoff point
158 point at the boundary of the data centre where energy is measured and is handed off to another party which
159 utilizes the energy outside data centre boundary
160 Note 1 to entry: An example of another party is an energy company.
7
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 50600-4-6:2019
prEN 50600-4-6:2019 (E)
161 3.2 Abbreviations
162 For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply.
ERF Energy Reuse Factor
GPU Graphics Processing Unit
HPC High Performance Computing
KVM keyboard, video and mouse
IT Information Technology
PUE Power Usage Effectiveness
PDU Power Distribution Unit
r.m.s root mean square
UPS Uninterruptible Power System
163 3.3 Symbols
164 For the purposes of this document the following symbols apply.
E energy used by the entire cooling system attributable to the data centre including support spaces
COOLING
(annual)
E total data centre energy consumption (annual)
DC
EEXCESS data centre excess energy (annual)
E IT equipment energy consumption (annual)
IT
EIN electricity delivered to the data centre at its boundary
E energy used to light the data centre and support spaces (annual)
LIGHTING
EPOWER energy lost in the power distribution system through line-loss and other infrastructure (e.g. UPS or
PDU) inefficiencies (annual)
EReuse energy from the data centre (annual) that is used outside of the data centre and which substitutes
partly or totally energy needed outside the data centre boundary (annual)
165 4 Applicable area of the data centre
166 For the determination of ERF, the data centre under consideration shall be viewed at as a system bounded by
167 interfaces through which energy flows (see Figure 2). The calculation of ERF accounts for energy crossing
168 this boundary. The bounded areas are the same as that used in calculations for PUE and other KPIs in the
169 EN 50600-4 series.
170 As shown in Figure 2, the data centre boundary is “drawn” around the data centre at the point of handoff from
171 the utility provider. This is a critical distinction when alternate energy types and mixed-use buildings are
172 analysed. It is equally important to ensure all energy types are included in ERF. All energy carriers (such as
173 fuel oil, natural gas, etc.) and energy generated elsewhere (such as electricity, chilled water, etc.) that feed the
174 data centre shall be included in the calculation.
175 Assuming there is no energy storage, conservation of energy requires that the energy into the data centre
176 shall equal the energy out. In the simple schematic of Figure 2, that means A + B = F. This is oversimplified,
177 as there are losses and heat generated at the cooling (A minus E), uninterruptible power system (UPS), and
178 power distribution unit (PDU) (B minus D) points as well, but this waste heat also shall leave the boundary.
179 Once a boundary is defined for a data centre, it can be used to properly understand the ERF concept.
8
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 50600-4-6:2019
prEN 50600-4-6:2019 (E)
Data centre boundary of EN 50600-4 series
E = E - E
DC IN Excess
Renewable
(A) (E)
E Cooling
REN
Other
Utility/local
resource
IT
converted to E
IN
E
Non-renewable
IT
electricity
(D)
Electrical power distribution (UPS, PDU …)
(B)
Utility/local
Other resource Internal
Energy
(thermal, water …) Energy storage energy
losses
reuse
(F) (F)
E
REUSE
KEY
E Rejected
Excess
Energy reuse
energy
Electrical energy
Thermal energy
Re-useable energy
Other energy
180
181 Figure 2 — Simplistic data centre components and boundary
182 NOTE 1 It is critical to include all energy carriers at the point of utility handoff. It is also critical to include all of the data
183 centre’s energy consumption in the calculations, which includes but is not limited to generators, inside and outside lighting,
184 fire detection and suppression, associated office/cubicle space for data centre personnel, receiving areas, storage areas,
185 and the same. For clarity, the diagrams only show the large components to demonstrate the ERF concept.
186 ERF only considers energy being reused outside the boundary of a data centre.
187 NOTE 2 Energy reused inside the data centre boundary is not counted towards ERF as it already is accounted for in a
188 lower PUE and including it in ERF is double counting. Examples of this are shown in Annex A.
189 NOTE 3 The PUE in this subclause is as specified in EN 50600-4-2.
190 In Figure 2, any portion of (F) that is reused outside the data centre boundary (such as in a mixed-use building
191 or a different building and not directly rejected to the atmosphere) is considered reused energy for determining
192 ERF.
193 To determine ERF, the practitioner will need to identify and account for all energy streams crossing the data
194 centre boundary coming in and any energy streams that will have beneficial use going out of the data centre
195 boundary.
196 The energy coming in would typically be electricity but can also be natural gas, diesel fuel, chilled water, or
197 conditioned air from another space.
198 The energy leaving the data centre boundary will most often take the form of heated water or heated airflow;
199 these are what this document considers to be potentially reused energy. However, any form of energy that is
200 reused outside of the data centre boundary shall be accounted for.
201 Processes that take advantage of the reused energy for other uses are outside the data centre boundary and
202 the benefits of that reused energy and the efficiency of the reuse process are not considered in the ERF.
203 While reuse technologies are important to a data centre’s overall energy use, they are too complex to try to
204 define or measure by ERF.
205 Examples of ERF usage are described in Annex A.
206 5 Determination of Energy Reuse Factor (ERF)
207 ERF provides a way to determine the factor of energy reuse. Heat is the most common example, where some
208 of the heat produced by the data centre is utilized for beneficial purposes outside the data centre boundary
209 and is not regarded as waste heat.
9
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 50600-4-6:2019
prEN 50600-4-6:2019 (E)
210 ERF will range from 0,0 to 1,0. An ERF of 0,0 means that no energy is reused, while a value of 1,0 means,
211 theoretically, all the energy brought into the data centre is reused. Any equipment used to increase the
212 temperature delivered, like heat pumps, shall not be included in the calculation.
213 Energy Reuse Factor (ERF) is defined as:
E
Reuse
214 (1)
ERF=
E
DC
215 where
EReuse = energy from the data centre (annual) that is used outside of the data centre and which substitutes
partly or totally energy needed outside the data centre boundary (annual)
EDC = total data centre energy consumption (annual)
216 Where the only energy source is from an electrical utility, EDC is determined by the energy measured at the
217 utility meter. ERF may be applied in mixed use buildings when measurement of the difference between the
218 energy used for the data centre and that for other functions is possible.
219 EDC includes EIT plus all the energy that is consumed to support the following infrastructures:
220 a) power delivery - including uninterruptible power systems (UPS), switchgear, generators, power
221 distribution units (PDUs), batteries, and distribution losses external to the IT equipment;
222 b) cooling system - including chillers, cooling towers, pumps, computer room air handling units (CRAHs),
223 computer room air conditioning units (CRACs), and direct expansion air handler (DX) units;
224 c) others including data centre lighting, elevator, security system, and fire suppression system;
225 d) all the infrastructure needed to transfer or to enhance the reused heat flow to the handoff point at the data
226 centre boundary.
227 EIT is the energy consumed by IT equipment (annual) that is used to capture, manage, process, store, or
228 transmit data within the compute space, which includes but not limited to:
229 1) IT equipment (e.g. compute, storage, and network equipment);
230 2) supplemental equipment (e.g. KVM switches, monitors, and workstations/laptops used to monitor,
231 manage, and/or control the data centre).
232 6 Measurement of E and E
Reuse DC
233 The measurement of the EDC shall be done at the boundary of the data centre at the handoff point, where the
234 data centre operator measures the power acquired from the energy supplier. If the energy is produced inside
235 the physical boundaries of the data centre, the point of measurement shall be at the logical boundary.
236 The measurement of the EReuse shall be done at the logical boundary of the data centre at the handoff point,
237 where the energy provided is handed off to be used by the other party. In most cases, the energy transferred
238 is in the form of thermal energy, measured by increase in temperature and flow with reference to incoming
239 provision (see Annex B). The measurements shall be converted to the equivalent units used for EDC, i.e. kWh,
240 in. The measurement and conversion shall be measured at the hand off point of the data centre boundary.
241 Measurement of E shall be undertaken using either:
DC
242 a) watt meters with the capability to report energy use or
243 b) kilowatt-hour (kWh) meters that report the “true” energy (true r.m.s.), via the simultaneous measurement
244 of the voltage, current, and power factor over time.
245 In case of EReuse, where the measurement is often made from the fluid or gaseous flow, where the energy is
246 transferred as heat, the measurement shall be undertaken with meters capable of measuring the energy
247 added to the flow from the data centre boundary.
10
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 50600-4-6:2019
prEN 50600-4-6:2019 (E)
248 NOTE Kilovolt-ampere (kVA), the product of voltage and current, is not an acceptable measurement. Though the
249 product of volts and amperes mathematically results in watts, “true” energy is determined by integrating a power factor
250 corrected value of volts and amperes. The frequency, phase variance, and load reaction causes energy calculation
251 difference between apparent energy and “true” energy. The error is inherently significant when power delivery includes
252 alternating current (AC). Kilovolt-ampere (kVA) measurements can be used for other functions in the data centre,
253 however, kVA is insufficient for these measurements.
254 ERF without any subscripts shall be determined as an annualized value.
255 7 Application of Energy Reuse Factor (ERF)
256 ERF can be used by data centre managers to monitor and report reused energy in relation to energy
257 consumption in the data centre.
258 This KPI can be used independently but to get a more holistic picture of the resource efficiency of the data
259 centre, other KPIs of the EN 50600-4 series should be considered.
260 8 Reporting and trend tracking of Energy Reuse Factor
261 8.1 Reporting of Energy Reuse Factor (ERF)
262 8.1.1 Standard construct for communicating ERF data
263 For a reported ERF to be meaningful, the reporting organization shall provide the following information:
264 a) the data centre (including the boundaries of the structure) under inspection;
265 b) the ERF value;
266 c) the kind of energy reused (thermal, electrical, chemical, mechanical)
267 c) the termination date of the period of measurement using the format of ISO 8601 series (e.g. yyyy-mm-
268 dd).
269 As seasonal changes can affec
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.