SIST EN 15895:2011
(Main)Cartridge operated hand-held tools - Safety requirements - Fixing and hard marking tools
Cartridge operated hand-held tools - Safety requirements - Fixing and hard marking tools
This standard covers safety requirements cartridge operated hand held fixing and marking tools.
This European standard deals with all significant hazards, hazards situations and events relevant to cartridge operated hand held fixing and marking tools, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see clause 4). It deals with the significant hazards in the different operating modes and intervention procedures as defined in 5.3 of EN ISO 12100-1.
This standard is not formulating requirements for the cartridges and fasteners to be used with the tools. When drafting this standard it has been assumed that the tools are operated with cartridges and fasteners as specified by the manufacturer of the tool.
Note: Information about cartridges can be found in the publication of the permanent international commission for the proof of small arms (C.I.P.).
This European standard is not applicable to tools which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN.
Kartuschenbetriebene handgehaltene Werkzeuge - Sicherheit - Befestigungs- und Markierwerkzeuge
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt Sicherheitsanforderungen für kartuschenbetriebene Befestigungs- und Markierwerkzeuge, die mit einem Zwischenglied (Kolben) funktionieren. Diese Europäische Norm befasst sich mit allen wesentlichen Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Ereignissen, die auftreten können, wenn kartuschenbetriebene Befestigungs- und Markierwerkzeuge wie vorgesehen verwendet werden oder unter Bedingungen einer vernünftigerweise vorhersehbaren Fehlanwendung (siehe Abschnitt 4). Sie behandelt die wesentlichen Gefährdungen in den verschiedenen Betriebsarten sowie Eingriffsmöglichkeiten nach EN ISO 12100-1:2003, 5.3. Obwohl die Gebrauchssicherheit kartuschenbetriebener Werkzeuge in erheblichem Maß von der Verwendung geeigneter Kartuschen und Befestigungselemente abhängig ist, formuliert diese Norm keine Anforderungen an die mit den Werkzeugen zu verwendenden Kartuschen und Befestigungselemente (siehe Abschnitt 7). Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Werkzeuge, die für die Verwendung von Kartuschen mit Hülsen aus Metall oder Kunststoff sowie festem Treibmittel vorgesehen sind, welche eine geringe Menge Zündmittel mit einer von der des Haupttreibmittels abweichenden Zusammensetzung enthalten. Die in den Anwendungsbereich fallenden Befestigungswerkzeuge sind jene, die für den Gebrauch mit Befesti-gungselementen aus Metall vorgesehen sind. ANMERKUNG Angaben zu Kartuschen sind den Veröffentlichungen der Ständigen Internationalen Kommission zur Prüfung von Handfeuerwaffen (C.I.P) zu entnehmen. Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für kartuschenbetriebene Befestigungs- und Markierwerkzeuge, die vor dem Datum ihrer Veröffentlichung als EN hergestellt werden.
Outils portatifs à charge propulsive - Exigences de sécurité - Outils de scellement et de marquage
La présente Norme couvre les exigences de sécurité relatives aux outils portatifs de scellement et de marquage à charge propulsive, qui fonctionnent avec un élément intermédiaire (piston).
La présente Norme européenne traite de l’ensemble des phénomènes dangereux, des situations dangereuses et des événements significatifs qui sont liés aux outils de scellement et de marquage à charge propulsive lorsque ces outils sont utilisés conformément à l’usage prévu et dans des conditions de mauvais usage telles qu’elles peuvent être raisonnablement prévues par le fabricant (voir l’Article 4). Elle traite des phénomènes dangereux significatifs dans les différents modes de fonctionnement et procédures d’intervention tels que définis au 5.3 de l’EN ISO 12100-1.
Bien que l’usage sûr des outils à charge propulsive dépende, dans une large mesure, de l’emploi de cartouches et d’éléments de fixation appropriés, la présente norme ne formule pas d’exigences relatives aux cartouches et aux éléments de fixation devant être utilisés avec les outils (voir l’Article 7).
La présente Norme européenne est applicable aux outils utilisant des cartouches munies d’étuis en métal ou en matière plastique et qui contiennent une faible quantité de matière d’amorçage dont la composition diffère de celle de la cartouche pyrotechnique principale.
Les outils de scellement du domaine d’application sont ceux destinés à être utilisés avec des éléments de fixation en métal.
Note Les informations relatives aux cartouches sont données dans la publication de la Commission Internationale Permanente pour l’épreuve des armes à feu portatives (C.I.P).
La présente Norme européenne n’est pas applicable aux outils de scellement et de marquage à charge propulsive qui sont fabriqués avant la date de publication de cette Norme européenne.
Ročna orodja z nabojnim delovanjem - Varnostne zahteve - Pritrjevalniki in označevalniki
Ta evropski standard zajema varnostne zahteve za pritrjevalnike in označevalnike z nabojnim delovanjem, ki delujejo z vmesnim členom (bat). Ta evropski standard obravnava vse velike nevarnosti, nevarne situacije in primere, ki se nanašajo na pritrjevalnike in označevalnike z nabojnim delovanjem, kadar se uporabljajo, kot je predvideno, in pod pogoji napačne uporabe, ki jih je mogoče razumno predvideti. Obravnava velike nevarnosti v različnih načinih obratovanja in intervencijske postopke, kot so navedeni v EN ISO 12100-1:2003, 5.3. Čeprav je varna uporaba orodij z nabojnim delovanjem odvisna v pomembni meri od uporabe ustreznih kartuš in sponk, ta standard ne oblikuje zahtev za kartuše in sponke, ki se uporabljajo z orodji. Ta evropski standard velja za orodja, zasnovana za uporabo z vložki z ohišjem iz kovine ali plastike in s trdo pogonsko snovjo in ki vsebuje manjšo količino netiva s sestavo, ki se razlikuje od glavne pogonske snovi. Pritrjevalniki, ki so zajeti, so namenjeni uporabi s sponkami iz kovine.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.R]QDþHYDOQLNLKartuschenbetriebene handgehaltene Werkzeuge - Sicherheit - Befestigungs- und MarkierwerkzeugeOutils portatifs à charge propulsive - Exigences de sécurité - Outils de scellement et de marquageCartridge operated hand-held tools - Safety requirements - Fixing and hard marking tools25.140.99Other hand-held toolsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15895:2011SIST EN 15895:2011en,fr,de01-november-2011SIST EN 15895:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 15895:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15895
May 2011 ICS 25.140.99 English Version
Cartridge operated hand-held tools - Safety requirements - Fixing and hard marking tools
Outils portatifs à charge propulsive - Exigences desécurité - Outils de scellement et de marquage
Kartuschenbetriebene handgehaltene Werkzeuge - Sicherheit - Befestigungs- und Markierwerkzeuge This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 April 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15895:2011: ESIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3 Introduction .4 1 Scope .5 2 Normative references .5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 List of significant hazards . 15 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 16 6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures . 21 7 Information for use . 26 Annex A (normative)
Values of combustion equation for the calculation of maximum gas pressure in the cartridge chamber pmax according to 3.15 . 31 Annex B (informative)
Example of testing procedures for determination of muzzle velocity . 34 Annex C (normative)
Testing for the verification of safe operation . 35 Annex D (normative)
Noise test code . 37 Annex E (informative)
Testing for the verification of safe operation . 45 Annex F (informative)
Information on the ergonomic design of the handle . 46 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 47 Bibliography . 48
SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15895:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC l1m ―Cartridge operated hand-held tools - pafety‖f the secretariat of which is held by SNV. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This European standard has been drawn up in co-operation with representatives of manufacturers of cartridge-operated hand-held tools and health and safety authorities (Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung (DGUV), Swedish Work Environment Authority). qhe ―mermanent fnternational Commission for the mroof of pmall-Armsf C.f.m.‖ has given substantial contributions to this standard. The C.I.P. regulations pertinent to cartridge operated hand-held tools have been largely integrated in the present standard. Normative and informative annexes to this standard are indicated in the contents list. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 4 Introduction This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 5 1 Scope This European standard covers safety requirements for cartridge operated fixing and hard marking tools which operate with an intermediate member (piston). This European standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to cartridge operated fixing and hard marking tools, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable (see Clause 4). It deals with the significant hazards in the different operating modes and intervention procedures as referred to in EN ISO 12100-1:2003, 5.3. Although the safe use of cartridge operated tools depends to an important extent on the use of appropriate cartridges and fasteners, this standard is not formulating requirements for the cartridges and fasteners to be used with the tools (see Clause 7). This European Standard applies to tools designed for use with cartridges with casings made of metal or plastic and with solid propellant and containing a minor quantity of primer with a composition different from that of the main propellant. The fixing tools in the scope are those intended for use with fasteners made from metal. NOTE Information about cartridges can be found in the publication of the Permanent International Commission for the Proof of Small Arms (C.I.P.). This European standard is not applicable to cartridge operated fixing and hard marking tools which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 614-1+A1:2009, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology and general principles EN 61310-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 1: Requirements for visual, acoustic and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1:2007) EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure - Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:2010) EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996) EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment - Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010) EN ISO 11688-1:2009, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equip-ment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 6 EN ISO 13732-1:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006) ISO 2768-1:1989, General tolerances — Part 1: Tolerances for linear and angular dimensions without individual tolerance indications 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. 3.1 fixing tool tool to drive fasteners into a base material 3.1.1 tool for single cartridges tool designed for the use of single (loose) cartridges 3.1.2 tool for collated cartridges tool designed for the use of multiple (collated) cartridges 3.1.3 universal cartridge operated tool cartridge operated tool which is intended for use in any possible operating direction and which can be held with one or two hands 3.1.4 cartridge operated stand-up tool
cartridge operated tool which is intended for the operating direction vertically downward and which is operated with both hands and with the operator in a standing position NOTE A universal cartridge operated tool which is operated in the vertically downward operating direction with a long auxiliary handle or in a fixture is not considered a stand-up tool. 3.1.5 cartridge operated pole tool cartridge operated tool which is affixed to the end of a pole and which is intended exclusively for the operating direction vertically upward and which is operated with both hands and with the operator in a standing position NOTE A universal cartridge operated tool affixed to a pole which is an accessory is not considered a pole tool. 3.2 hard marking tool tool to mark materials by imprinting EXAMPLE Imprinting of letters and numerals. 3.3 cartridge device which contains propellant used to drive the piston 3.3.1 single cartridge (loose cartridge) cartridge intended to be inserted by hand in the cartridge chamber one by one SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 7 3.3.2 collated cartridge cartridge that is contained with a number of others in a means of collation, e.g. a plastic collation strip or a metal disc 3.3.3 proof cartridge cartridge used exclusively for strength testing of tools and loaded with a stronger than usual propellant charge NOTE See 6.3.2 and Annex A. 3.4 calibre designation of a cartridge, derived from the main dimensions and normally expressed in the form ―body diameter/length‖ (see Annex A) 3.5 fastener fixing device intended for use in a fixing tool NOTE The fixing device may be a nail, a threaded stud, an eyelet or a similar object intended to be driven into a base material. 3.6 base material material into which the fastener is driven 3.7 average muzzle velocity (fixing tools)
mean arithmetic value of test element/piston velocity evaluated out of 10 single test values 3.8 maximum muzzle velocity (fixing tools) ve maximum test element/piston velocity to be expected calculated on the basis of the average muzzle velocity and the standard deviation for the 10 tests 3.9 reference combustion volume Vref volume defined for testing of cartridge strength; one single reference value of 0,16 cm3 3.10 total volume Vtot sum of the volumes of the combustion chamber and the empty cartridge chamber as determined from the design drawings or CAD models NOTE Vtot is a design-specific value. SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 8
Key 1 Total volume Vtot (tool for single cartridges)
3.11 minimum volume of the cartridge chamber VET smallest technically possible cartridge chamber for a given calibre NOTE VET is a constant value for each calibre laid down in Table A.1 of Annex A.
Key 1 Minimum volume of the cartridge chamber VET (tool for single cartridges)
3.12 minimum operational volume of the combustion chamber Va volume consisting of the volume of the combustion chamber with the piston in its extreme top position and the open volume in the piston head NOTE Va is a design-specific value and is calculated as the difference between the design-specific volume Vtot and the calibre-specific volume VET: Va
Vtot
VET SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 9
Key 1 Minimum operational volume of the combustion chamber Va (tool for single cartridges)
3.13 reduced volume of the cartridge chamber
volume of the minimum size cartridge chamber VET minus the volumes of the cartridge casing and the propellant NOTE
is a constant value for a given calibre laid down in Table A.1 of Annex A.
Key 1 Reduced volume of the cartridge chamber
(tool for single cartridges)
3.14 effective combustion volume Veff effective (total) volume of all connecting voids between the cartridge and the piston before the firing of the cartridge; calculated by Veff
Va
Vtot
VET SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 10
Key 1 Effective combustion volume Veff
(tool for single cartridges)
Key 1 Effective combustion volume Veff
(tool for collated cartridges) 2 Va collated cartridges 3 Boundary line of VET 4 Collation strip 5 Separation line between cartridge chamber and collation strip
NOTE 1 Veff is the volume which in combination with the selected cartridge strength effectively determines the gas pressure generated in a tool. NOTE 2 Veff is a design-specific value. 3.15 maximum gas pressure pmax maximum value of combustion pressure in the cartridge chamber depending on the calibre and the effective volume of the combustion chamber, calculated according to the combustion equation pmax
a
SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 11 or, with Veff
Va as the effective combustion volume pmax
a
, where a, b are coefficients determined experimentally NOTE 1 Table A.1 of Annex A contains all the necessary values of a, b,
etc. per calibre. NOTE 2 The maximum gas pressure pmax is a constant value per tool with its individual minimum operational volume of the combustion chamber Va and thus its individual effective combustion volume Veff. It refers to the strongest possible cartridge of the respective calibre. 3.16 real gas pressure pmax, real combustion pressure produced by a factually available cartridge (used for an overpressure test) NOTE The real gas pressure pmax, real is generally lower than pmax. 3.17 relative cartridge strength X ratio of the combustion pressure of a factually available cartridge and the tabulated maximum combustion pressure
NOTE X would be 1,0 for cartridges producing exactly the pmax tabulated in Annex A. 3.18 reduced proof volume of the combustion chamber VE reduced proof volume of the combustion chamber for resistance testing with an overpressure of 1,3 times of the maximum gas pressure pmax, calculated using the equation
This equation is valid for cartridges with a relative strength of X between 1,0 and 0,85. SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 12
Key 1 Reduced proof volume of the combustion chamber VE
3.19 adapted reduced proof volume of the combustion chamber VE, adapted volume of the combustion chamber reduced to an even lower value than the theoretical value VE to account for a factually available cartridge weaker than X
0,85 in overpressure testing.
VE, adapted is dependent on the relative cartridge strength X and is calculated using the equation
This equation is valid for cartridges with a relative strength of X below 0,85 as long as VE, adapted does not drop below 50 % of VE calculated according to 3.18. 3.20 reduced system testing volume of the combustion chamber VS reduced volume of the combustion chamber for system testing with an overpressure of 1,15 times of the maximum gas pressure pmax of each tested cartridge strength calculated using the equation
SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 13
Key Va Minimum operational volume VS Reduced system testing volume VE Reduced proof volume
3.21 A-weighted emission sound pressure level LpA ten times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the square of the emission sound pressure, p, to the square of a reference value, p0, expressed in decibels
where the reference value, p0, is 20 µPa 3.22 A-weighted single event emission sound pressure level in dB LEA A-weighted and time-integrated emission sound pressure level of an isolated single sound event of specified duration T (or specified measurement time interval T
t2 – t1 covering the single event), normalized to reference time interval T0
1 s; given by the following equation:
NOTE The reference sound pressure is p0
20 µPa. 3.23 A-weighted sound power level LWA ten times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the sound power of a source, P, to a reference value, P0, expressed in decibels
where the reference value, P0, is 1 pW SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 14 3.24 sound energy level in dB LJ ten times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the sound energy, J, radiated by the sound source under test, to the reference sound energy, J0 (J0
1 pJ
1012 J)
NOTE The A-weighted sound energy level is denoted by LJA. 3.25 peak emission sound pressure ppeak greatest absolute emission sound pressure during a stated time interval NOTE Peak sound pressure is expressed in pascals. 3.26 C-weighted peak emission sound pressure level in dB LpC, peak ten times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the square of the peak emission sound pressure, ppeak, to the square of a reference value, p0, expressed in decibels
where the reference value, p0, is 20 µPa 3.27 piston stopping device dedicated component used in some tool designs for preventing the piston from being ejected from the tool
NOTE The piston stopping device is often an exchangeable wear part. SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 15 4 List of significant hazards This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this document, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk. Table 1 — List of significant hazards No. Hazard Hazardous situation/event Clause of this European Standard 1.1 Stabbing or puncture due to free flying fasteners at high velocity (direct or from ricochets) or from fragments of broken fasteners Incorrect use or maintenance because of lack of knowledge or use of inappropriate tools for maintenance and cleaning 5.2, 7.3.1, 7.3.2, 7.3.3 1.2 Use of improper items for substitution of original items with the tool 5.3.2, 7.3.2, 7.3.3 1.3 Unintentional firing due to lack of attention during use, shocks or falls of the tool, inadequate trigger actuation force or trigger location 5.7 1.4 Muzzle velocity too high 5.5
1.5 Use of fasteners (inappropriate for the tool or the application) breaking when entering the base material 5.3.3, 7.3.1, 7.3.2 2.1 Stabbing, puncture, crushing or severing due to ejection of fragments from the tool, cartridge casings or the collation system Insufficient strength of the tool for the intended cartridges and types of use 5.4 2.2 Use with cartridges with too high charge 7.3.1, 7.3.2, 7.4 2.3 Cartridge exploding outside the closed chamber 5.4, 5.7, 7.3.1, 7.3.2 2.4 Tool not adapted to the cartridges or collation systems or to the fasteners for which it is intended 5.4, 7.3.1 2.5 Ejection of the piston (or other components) because of poor design of the retention provisions 5.6.1 2.6 Ejection of parts of the piston after breakage of the piston 5.6.2 3 Stabbing or puncture due to ejection of fragments of base material Fragments or spalling from base material created by the penetration of a fastener 5.3.2, 5.3.3, 7.3.1, 7.3.2 4.1 Burns due to escaping combustion gases Poor design of tool allowing for the emission of hot combustion gases toward the user 5.11 4.2 Cartridge exploding outside the closed chamber 5.4, 5.7, 7.3.1, 7.3.2 5.1 Permanent hearing loss, tinnitus, reduced perception of warning signals, reduced speech communication abilities due to noise during firing Single burst noise emission when firing 5.8, 7.2, 7.3 5.2 Cartridge exploding outside the closed chamber 5.4, 5.7, 7.3.1, 7.3.2
SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 16 Table 1 (continued) No. Hazard Hazardous situation/event Clause of this European Standard 6 Musculoskeletal disorder due to mechanical shocks (Repetitive) recoil when firing 5.9, 7.3.5 7.1 Burns due to contact with surfaces at high temperature Contact with tool surfaces at high temperature during normal use:
parts normally touched when holding the tool
parts of control devices (short duration contact)
parts not intended to be touched 5.10, 7.2, 7.3.2 7.2 Contact with tool surfaces at high temperature during transport, servicing or maintenance 5.10, 7.2, 7.3.2 8.1 Hazards due to neglecting ergonomic principles Poor ergonomic design of the tool in general 5.12.1 8.2 Poor design of the handle not ensuring a firm grip on the tool with the possibility of loosing control, in particular concerning:
control of the tool in case of heavy tools
use by both left-handed and right-handed operators
use with protective gloves if necessary inadequate location of the trigger 5.12.2, 5.12.3 8.3 Poor design of the trigger with too high actuation force causing repetitive strain injury 5.12.3 9 Possible injuries when using the tool after incorrect (re)-assembling Design allowing for errors of fitting of parts of the tool 5.3.2
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures 5.1 General Cartridge operated hand-held tools shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and EN ISO 12100-2:2003 for relevant but not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this document. 5.2 Carrying box and tools to be supplied Cartridge operated fixing and hard marking tools shall be supplied with the following equipment: a) specific tools required for maintenance and cleaning of the cartridge operated tool in compliance with the instruction handbook, b) solid box which can be protected/secured against unauthorised opening and having space for the cartridge operated tool, instructions for use, essential tools for daily maintenance and cleaning (e.g. brushes), and safety-related accessories (e.g. safety goggles). To protect the box against unauthorised opening, the box shall have a lock or allow the user to affix a lock of his own choice, e.g. a padlock. SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 17 For verification see 6.1. 5.3 General design of the tool 5.3.1 General
Cartridge operated fixing and marking tools shall be designed for correct and safe functioning with the cartridges, collation systems and the fasteners or marking accessories for which they are intended. 5.3.2 The design of the tool shall prevent errors that could be made when assembling and reassembling parts of them if such errors can be a hazard. Relevant errors in assembly are e.g.
assembling a tool with a wrong piston stopping device or without inserting a piston stopping device,
assembling a tool without sufficiently tightening the thread joining the fastener guide and the main tool body,
fitting a splinter guard with too much distance from the work surface. The manufacturer shall identify all the parts which can be disassembled and reassembled by the user which could create a hazard if they were mounted incorrectly. These parts shall be designed such that they cannot be assembled in a way that they create a hazard. In particular, parts that shall be considered are:
piston;
piston stopping device;
fastener guide;
magazine (tools for collated fasteners);
splinter guard. For verification see 6.3.1. 5.3.3 Tools that are intended to be used in applications where splinters might occur shall have fixtures where splinter guards can be attached. Matching splinter guards shall be made available by the manufacturer. For verification see 6.3.2. 5.4 Resistance at overpressure and temperature/operating safety and reliability 5.4.1 General The design of the tool shall ensure that the combustion pressure and the temperature do not cause damage to the tool itself or to the system components which are directly affected by this pressure and this temperature and are relevant for user safety. 5.4.2 The tool shall be able to withstand the highest pressures that can be expected without any deformation, cracks or other defects. For verification see 6.4.2. SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 18 5.4.3 The tool shall be able to withstand the highest temperatures that can be expected under the conditions of intended use without any defects. For verification see 6.4.3. 5.4.4 The tool shall not cause unintended damage to the cartridges used in the tool. For verification see 6.4.4. 5.4.5 Tools for collated cartridges shall not cause safety-critical damage on the intended collation system for the cartridges. For verification see 6.4.5. 5.5 Velocity limit of the piston and of the fasteners (fixing tools) The design of the tools shall ensure that:
the average velocity
of piston and fasteners does not exceed 100 m/s, and
the maximum velocity ve of piston and fasteners does not exceed 110 m/s. For verification see 6.5. 5.6 Safe retention of the piston of a cartridge operated tool 5.6.1 The cartridge operated tool shall ensure a reliable stopping of the piston under those conditions where the highest piston velocity is obtained and if the piston is stopped inside the tool with no energy being dissipated in the base material. For verification see 6.6.1. 5.6.2 The design of the cartridge operated tool shall prevent that the piston breaks in such a way that major parts of it are ejected from the tool. NOTE This does not address the normal wear of the piston tip. For verification see 6.6.2. 5.7 Prevention of unintentional firing 5.7.1 Operating safety Firing shall be prevented during loading and unloading and with open cartridge chamber. For verification see 6.7.1. 5.7.2 The tool shall not fire in the case of impacts or blows. For verification see 6.7.2. 5.7.3 The tool shall not fire if it is dropped from heights as specified in 6.6.3. For verification see 6.7.3. SIST EN 15895:2011
EN 15895:2011 (E) 19 5.7.4 Free firing safety The tool shall not fire if the trigger is actuated unless the muzzle is first pressed against the fastening surface (or surface to be marked) with a force of at least 1,5 times the tool weight (tool weight ready for operating) and with a minimum of 50 N. For verification see 6.7.4. 5.8 Reduction of noise emission The cartridge operated fixing or hard marking tool shall generate noise levels as low as possible and practicable. Therefore noise reduction shall be an integral part of the design process taking into account measures at source as very generally described in EN ISO 11688-1:2009. NOTE 1 The main noise source is the single burst noise emission at the exhaust system for the combustion gases. NOTE 2 An example of noise reduction measures are silencers. To reduce as much as possible the remaining risk to the user, the manufacturer shall recommend the use of personal protective equipment, i.e. appropriate hearing protection in the operating instructions (comp. 7.3.2 f). For verification see 6.8. 5.9 Reduction of recoil The design of fixing and hard marking tools shall ensure that the mechanical impact transmitted by the tool to the hand-arm system of the operator during firing is kept as low as practica
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 15895-1:2009
01-april-2009
5RþQDRURGMD]QDERMQLPGHORYDQMHP9DUQRVWQH]DKWHYHGHO 3ULWUMHYDOQLNLLQ
R]QDþHYDOQLNL
Cartridge operated hand-held tools - Safety requirements - Part 1: Fixing and hard
making tools
Kartuschenbetriebene tragbare Werkzeuge - Sicherheit - Teil 1: Befestigungs- und
Markierwerkzeuge
Outils portatifs à charge propulsive - Exigences de sécurité - Partie 1: Outils de
scellement et de marquage
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 15895-1
ICS:
25.140.99 'UXJDURþQDRURGMD Other hand-held tools
oSIST prEN 15895-1:2009 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 15895-1:2009
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oSIST prEN 15895-1:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 15895-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2009
ICS 25.140.99
English Version
Cartridge operated hand-held tools - Safety requirements - Part
1: Fixing and hard making tools
Outils portatifs à charge propulsive - Exigences de sécurité Kartuschenbetriebene tragbare Werkzeuge - Sicherheit -
- Partie 1: Outils de scellement et de marquage Teil 1: Befestigungs- und Markierwerkzeuge
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 213.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15895-1:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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prEN 15895-1:2009 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 List of significant hazards . 11
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 13
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures . 16
7 Information for use . 22
Annex A (normative) Values of combustion equation for the calculation of maximum allowable
gas pressure in the cartridge chamber (p ) according to 3.14 . 26
max
Annex B (informative) Example of testing procedures for determination of muzzle velocity . 29
Annex C (informative) Testing for the verification of safe operation . 30
Annex D (normative) Noise test code . 32
Annex E (informative) Testing for the verification of safe operation . 40
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 41
Bibliography . 42
2
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Foreword
This document (prEN 15895-1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 213 “Cartridge
operated hand-held tools - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by SNV.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s).
For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
This European standard has been drawn up in co-operation with representatives of manufacturers of
cartridge-operated hand-held tools and health and safety authorities (Deutsche Gesetzliche
Unfallversicherung (DGUV), Swedish Work Environment Authority).
The “Permanent International Commission for the Proof of Small-Arms, C.I.P.” has given substantial
contributions to this standard. The C.I.P. regulations pertinent to cartridge operated hand-held tools have been
largely integrated in the present standard.
Normative and informative annexes to this standard are indicated in the contents list.
3
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Introduction
This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When provisions of this type C standard are different
from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence
over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the
provisions of this type C standard.
4
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1 Scope
This standard covers safety requirements for cartridge operated fixing and hard marking
tools which operate with an intermediate member (piston).
This European standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to
cartridge operated fixing and hard marking tools, when they are used as intended and under conditions of
misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see clause 4). It deals with the significant
hazards in the different operating modes and intervention procedures as defined in 5.3 of EN ISO 12100-1.
Although the safe use of cartridge operated tools depends to an important extent on the use of appropriate
cartridges and fasteners, this standard is not formulating requirements for the cartridges and fasteners to be
used with the tools (see clause 7).
This European Standard applies to tools using cartridges with casings made of metal or plastic and containing
a minor quantity of primer with a composition different from that of the main propellant.
The fixing tools in the scope are those intended for use with fasteners made from metal.
Note: Information about cartridges can be found in the publication of the Permanent International Commission
for the Proof of Small Arms (C.I.P.).
This European standard is not applicable to cartridge operated fixing and hard marking tools which are
manufactured before the date of its publication as EN.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 614-1:2006, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology and general
principles
EN ISO 3744:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure.
Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
EN ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and
equipment
EN ISO 11201:1995, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions — Engineering method in an
essentially free field over a reflecting plane
EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology
EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2:
Technical principles
EN 12549:1999, Acoustics — Noise test code for fastener driving tools — Engineering method
EN ISO 13732-1:2006, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human
responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces
5
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following
apply.
3.1
fixing tool
tool to drive fasteners into a base material
3.1.1
single shot tool
tool which is designed for a single (loose) cartridge
3.1.2
tool for collated cartridges
tool designed for the use of multiple (collated) cartridges
3.1.3
universal cartridge operated tool
cartridge operated tool which is intended for use in any possible operating direction and which can be held
with one or two hands.
Examples of operating directions: horizontal, vertically downward, or vertically upward (overhead)
3.1.4
cartridge operated stand-up tool for floor operation
cartridge operated tool which is intended for the operating direction vertically downward and which is operated
with both hands and with the operator in a standing position
3.1.5
cartridge operated pole tool
cartridge operated tool which is affixed to the end of a pole and which is intended for the operating direction
vertically upward and which is operated with both hands and with the operator in a standing position
3.2
hard marking tool
tool to mark materials by imprinting e.g. letters and numerals
3.3
cartridge
device which contains solid propellant used to drive the piston
3.3.1
single cartridge (loose cartridge)
cartridge that is not mechanically joined to other cartridges and is inserted individually in the cartridge
chamber (by hand)
3.3.2
collated cartridge
cartridge that is contained with a number of others in a means of collation, e.g. a plastic collation strip or a
metal disc
3.3.3
proof cartridge
cartridge used exclusively for strength testing of tools
NOTE: It is loaded with a stronger than usual propellant charge such as to produce an operating pressure of 1,3 p
max
of the respective calibre (see values in Annex A).
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3.4
calibre
designation of a cartridge, normally expressed in the form “body diameter/length” (see Annex A)
3.5
fastener
fixing device intended for use in a fixing tool which may be a nail, a threaded stud, an eyelet or similar object
that is driven into the base material
3.6
base material
material into which the fastener is driven
3.7
average muzzle velocity v (fixing tools)
10
mean arithmetic value of test element/piston velocity evaluated out of 10 single test values
3.8
maximum muzzle velocity v (fixing tools)
e
maximum test element/piston velocity to be expected calculated on the basis of the average muzzle velocity
and the standard deviation for the 10 tests
3.9
total volume V
tot
sum of the volumes of the combustion chamber and the empty cartridge chamber as determined from the
design drawings or CAD models
NOTE: V is a design-specific value for each tool.
tot
Legend
1 total volume V
tot
3.10
minimum volume of the cartridge chamber V
ET
smallest technically possible cartridge chamber for a given calibre
NOTE: V is a constant value for each calibre laid down in Table A.1 of Annex A.
ET
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Legend
1 minimum volume of the cartridge chamber V
ET
3.11
minimum operational volume of the combustion chamber V
a
volume consisting of the volume of the combustion chamber with the piston in its extreme top position and the
open volume in the piston head
NOTE: V is a design-specific value for each tool and is calculated as the difference between the design-specific
a
volume V and the calibre-specific volume V :
ET
tot
V = V – V
a tot ET
Legend
1 minimum operational volume of the combustion chamber V
a
3.12
*
reduced volume of the cartridge chamber V
h
volume of the minimum size cartridge chamber V minus the volumes of the cartridge casing and the pro-
ET
pellant
*
NOTE: V is a constant value for a given calibre laid down in Table A.1 of Annex A.
h
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Legend
*
1 reduced volume of the cartridge chamber V
h
3.13
effective combustion volume V
eff
effective (total) volume of all connecting voids between the cartridge and the piston before the firing of the
cartridge; calculated by
* *
V = V + V = V + V −V
eff h a h tot ET
Legend
1 effective combustion volume V
eff
NOTE 1: V is the volume which in combination with the selected cartridge strength effectively determines the
eff
combustion pressure generated in a tool.
NOTE 2: V is a design-specific value for each tool.
eff
3.14
Maximum allowable gas pressure p
max
maximum allowable value of gas pressure in the cartridge chamber depending on the calibre and the effective
volume of the combustion chamber, calculated according to the combustion equation
b
p = a× V
max eff
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*
or, with V = V + V as the effective combustion volume
eff h a
b
*
p = a×()V + V
max h a
a, b: coefficients determined experimentally
NOTE The maximum allowable gas pressure p is a constant value per tool with its individual minimum operational
max
volume of the combustion chamber V and thus its individual effective combustion volume V . It refers to the strongest
a eff
possible cartridge of the respective calibre.
*
Table A.1 of Annex A contains all the necessary values of a, b, V etc. per calibre.
h
3.15
Reduced proof volume of the combustion chamber V
E
reduced proof volume of the combustion chamber for resistance testing with an overpressure of 1,3 ⋅ p ,
max
calculated using the equation
1 1
*
b b
V = 1,3 × V + 1,3 −1 × V
E a h
Legend
1 Reduced proof volume of the combustion chamber V
E
3.16
reduced system testing volume of the combustion chamber V
S
reduced volume of the combustion chamber for system testing with an overpressure of 1,15 times of the
maximum operating pressure p , of each tested cartridge strength calculated using the equation
max
1 1
*
b b
V = 1,15 × V + 1,15 −1 × V
S a h
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Legend
1 reduced system testing volume of the combustion chamber V
S
3.17
A-weighted single event emission sound pressure level L in dB
pA, 1s
A-weighted and time-integrated emission sound pressure level of an isolated single sound event of specified
duration T (or specified measuring time T), related to T = 1 s; given by the following equation:
0
2
T
1 p (t) T
L = 10 lg dt dB = L + 10 lg dB
pA,1s pAeq, T
∫
2
T 0 T
p
0 0
0
NOTE: The reference sound pressure is p = 20 µPa
0
3.18
A-weighted single event emission sound power level L in dB
WA, 1s
A-weighted sound power level determined from measurements of the single-event sound pressure level
–12
NOTE: The reference sound power is 1 pW (1 pW = 10 W).
3.19
C-weighted peak emission sound pressure level L in dB
pC, peak
the C-weighted peak emission sound pressure level L of a test object, determined in accordance with
pC, peak
EN ISO 11201 at the work station
4 List of significant hazards
This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with
in this document, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require
action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
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Table 1 — List of significant hazards
Clause of this
No. Hazard Hazardous situation/event European
Standard
Incorrect use or maintenance because of lack of
1.1 knowledge or use of inappropriate tools for 5.1, 7
maintenance and cleaning
Stabbing or puncture due
Use of improper items for substitution of original items
1.2 5.1, 7
to free flying fasteners at
lost or not with the tool
high velocity (direct or from
ricochets, user or third Unintentional firing due to lack of attention during use,
5.6.1, 5.6.2,
1.3 persons) or from shocks or falls of the tool, inadequate trigger
5.6.3, 5.6.4
fragments of broken actuation force or trigger location
fasteners
1.4 Muzzle velocity too high 5.4
Use of fasteners (inappropriate for the tool or the
1.5 5.2.2, 7
application) breaking when entering the base material
Insufficient strength of the tool for the intended
2.1 5.3.2
cartridges and types of use
2.2 Use with cartridges with too high charge 5.2.1, 7
Stabbing, puncture,
2.3 Cartridge exploding outside the closed chamber 5.3.3, 5.3.4
crushing or severing due
to ejection of fragments
Tool not adapted to the cartridges or collation
2.4 5.3.1, 7
from the tool, cartridge
systems or to the fasteners for which it is intended
casings or the collation
Ejection of the piston (or other components) because
system
2.5 5.5.1
of poor design of the retention provisions
Ejection of parts of the piston after breakage of the
2.6 5.5.2
piston
Stabbing or puncture due
Fragments or spalling from base material created by
3 to ejection of fragments of 5.2.2, 7
the penetration of a fastener
base material
Poor design of tool allowing for the emission of hot
4.1 5.10.4
Burns due to escaping
combustion gases toward the user
combustion gases
4.2 Cartridge exploding outside the closed chamber 5.3.3, 5.3.4
5.1 Permanent hearing loss, Single burst noise emission when firing 5.7, 7
tinnitus, reduced
perception of warning
signals, reduced speech
5.2 Cartridge exploding outside the closed chamber 5.3.3, 5.3.4
communication abilities
due to noise during firing
Musculoskeletal disorder
6 (Repetitive) recoil when firing 5.8
due to mechanical shocks
Contact with tool surfaces at high temperature during
normal use:
parts normally touched when holding the tool
7.1 5.9, 7
Burns due to contact with
surfaces at high parts of control devices (short duration contact)
temperature
parts not intended to be touched
Contact with tool surfaces at high temperature during
7.2 5.9, 7
transport, servicing or maintenance
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Table 1 (continued)
Clause of this
No. Hazard Hazardous situation/event European
Standard
8.1 Poor ergonomic design of the tool in general 5.10.1
Poor design of the handle not ensuring a firm grip on
the tool with the possibility of loosing control, in
particular concerning:
control of the tool in case of heavy tools
8.2 Hazards due to neglecting 5.10.2, 5.10.3
use by both left-handed and right-handed
ergonomic principles
operators
use with protective gloves if necessary
inadequate location of the trigger
Poor design of the trigger with too high actuation
8.3 5.10.3
force causing repetitive strain injury
Possible injuries when
9 using the tool after Design allowing for errors of fitting of parts of the tool 5.2.1
incorrect (re)-assembling
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
Cartridge operated hand-held tools shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of
this clause. In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100 for
relevant but not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this document.
For hazards which are to be reduced by the application of a type B standard such as EN 614-1, EN ISO 3744,
EN ISO 4871, EN ISO 11201, EN ISO 13732-1, EN ISO 11688-1, the manufacturer shall carry out an
adequate risk assessment, complementary to the guidance given in this European standard, for the
requirements of the type B standard where choice is necessary or which have to be adapted to the specific
situation.
5.1 Carrying box and tools to be supplied
Cartridge operated fixing and hard marking tools shall be supplied with the following equipment:
a) solid box which can be protected/secured against unauthorised opening and having space for the
cartridge operated tool, instructions for use, essential tools for daily maintenance and cleaning, and
safety-related accessories,
b) specific tools required for maintenance and cleaning of the fixing tool in compliance with the instruction
handbook.
5.2 General design of the tool
Cartridge operated fixing and marking tools shall be designed for correct and safe functioning with the
cartridges, collation systems and the fasteners or marking accessories for with they are intended.
5.2.1 The design of the tool shall prevent errors that could be made when fitting or refitting parts of them
when such errors can be a source of risk.
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5.2.2 Tools that are intended to be used in applications where splinters might occur shall have fixtures
where splinter guards can be attached. Matching splinter guards appropriate for different applications shall be
made available by the manufacturer.
5.3 Resistance at overpressure/operating safety and reliability
5.3.1 General
Under the conditions of intended use the design of the tool shall ensure that the combustion pressure does
not cause damage to the tool itself or to the system components which are directly affected by this pressure
and are relevant for user safety.
5.3.2 The tool shall be able to withstand the highest pressures that can be expected under the conditions of
intended use without any deformation, cracks or other defects.
5.3.3 The tool shall not cause safety-critical damages of the cartridges intended to be used in the tool.
5.3.4 Tools intended for use with collated cartridges shall not cause safety-critical damage on the intended
collation system for the cartridges.
5.4 Reduction of the hazards due to free flying fasteners (fixing tools)
A hazard is constituted by free flying fasteners moving at high velocity. The design of the tools shall ensure
that:
the average velocity v of piston/fasteners does not exceed 100 m/s, and
10
the maximum velocity v of piston/fasteners does not exceed 110 m/s.
e
5.5 Safe retention of the piston of a cartridge operated tool
5.5.1 The cartridge operated tool shall ensure a reliable stopping of the piston under those conditions where
the highest piston velocity is obtained and if the piston is stopped inside the tool with no energy being
dissipated in the base material.
5.5.2 The design of the cartridge operated tool shall reduce as much as practically possible the probability
that the piston breaks in such a way that parts of it are ejected from the tool.
5.6 Prevention of unintentional firing
5.6.1 Operating safety
Firing shall be prevented during loading and unloading and with open cartridge chamber.
5.6.2 The tool shall not fire in the case of impacts and blows.
5.6.3 The tool shall not fire if it is dropped from heights as specified in 6.6.3.
5.6.4 Free firing safety
The design of the tool shall prevent it from firing when the trigger is actuated unless the muzzle is first pressed
against the fastening surface (or surface to be marked) with a force of at least 1,5 times the tool weight (tool
weight ready for operating) and with a minimum of 50 N.
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5.7 Reduction of noise emission
The cartridge operated fixing or hard marking tool shall generate noise levels as low as possible and
practicable. Therefore noise reduction shall be an integral part of the design process taking into account
measures at source as very generally described in EN ISO 11688-1:1998.
The main noise source is the single burst noise emission at the exhaust system for the hot combustion gases.
An example of noise reduction measures are silencers.
To reduce as much as possible the remaining risk to the user, the manufacturer shall recommend the use of
personal protective equipment, i.e. hearing protection in the operating instructions (comp. 7.2.2 e)).
5.8 Reduction of recoil
The design of fixing and hard marking tools shall ensure that the mechanical impact transmitted by the tool to
the hand-arm system of the operator during firing is kept to a minimum.
Essential elements to be considered for reaching this objective are:
the ergonomic design of the handle and the required hand gripping force (see also 5.10),
the required pressing effort that shall be as low as compatible with the free firing safety measures and as
functionally possible (see 5.6),
the possibility of using charge and power setting appropriate for the types of work for which the tool is
intended (see also 7.2).
the ratio of the mass of the piston and the mass of the tool shall be as low as practically possible.
5.9 Maximum permissible surface temperatures
Cartridge operated tools shall be designed and constructed in such a way that the surface temperatures do
not exceed the limit values laid down in EN ISO 13732-1.
The temperature of handles or other surfaces of the tool which are intended to be touched for holding the tool
shall not exceed 48 °C.
For other intentional contacts the contact times to be considered for defining the maximum surface
temperatures shall be
4 seconds for the activation of the trigger or switches,
10 seconds for the activation of power adjustment devices.
The contact time to be considered for surfaces not intended to be touched shall be 0,5 seconds.
If any of these limits cannot be respected, appropriate warnings shall be given as indicated in 7.1 and 7.2.
5.10 Ergonomics
5.10.1 General
Cartridge operated fixing and hard marking tools shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the
ergonomic principles of EN 614-1:2006 and of 4.8 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003 taking also account of the
following.
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5.10.2 Handle
The design of the handles and other parts intended for holding the cartridge operated tools shall enable the
operator to have a firm grip on the tool. The holding provisions shall be appropriate for right-handed as well as
for left-handed operators.
Handles shall be adapted to the functional anatomy and the dimensions of the operator's hand, including
when wearing protective gloves.
Note: Guidance on the dimensions can be found in EN ISO 7250 and in EN 792-13.
Tools with a mass of 6 kg or more shall be capable to be held with both hands. The provision for the second
hand can be either:
a second handle which may be removable or
an appropriate grip zone on the tool body.
5.10.3 Trigger and actuation
The trigger shall be adapted to the (main) handle so that it can be used easily as well by right-handed as by
left-handed operators.
The actuation force of the trigger shall be as low as functionally possible and compatible with the measures for
prevention of unintended actuation.
NOTE Guidance can be found in EN 894-3:2000.
Similarly, the required force for pressing the tool against the surface before firing shall be as low as
compatible with the measures for prevention of unintended firing (see also 5.6) and as functionall
...
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