SIST EN 12697-5:2004+A1:2007
(Main)Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 5: Determination of the maximum density
Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 5: Determination of the maximum density
This European Standard specifies test methods for determining the maximum density of a bituminous mixture (voidless mass). It specifies a volumetric procedure, a hydrostatic procedure and a mathematical procedure.
The test methods described are intended for use with loose bituminous mixtures containing paving grade bitumens, modified binders or other bituminous binders used for hot mix asphalt. The tests are suitable for both fresh or aged bituminous mixtures.
NOTE 1 Samples can be supplied as loose mixture or as compacted mixture.
NOTE 2 General guidance on selection of a test procedure to determine the maximum density of a bituminous mixture is given in annex A.
Asphalt - Prüfverfahren für Heißasphalt - Teil 5: Bestimmung der Rohdichte
Diese Europäische Norm legt Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Rohdichte von Asphalt fest (hohlraumfreie Masse). Sie legt ein volumetrisches, ein Auftriebs- und ein mathematisches Verfahren fest.
Die beschriebenen Prüfverfahren sind zur Anwendung auf unverdichteten Asphalt bestimmt, der Straßenbau¬bitumen, modifiziertes Bitumen oder sonstige bitumenhaltige Bindemittel für Heißasphalt enthält. Die Verfah¬ren sind sowohl für frisch hergestelltes als auch für bereits verarbeitetes Mischgut geeignet.
ANMERKUNG 1 Die Proben können als lockeres oder als verdichtetes Mischgut angeliefert werden.
ANMERKUNG 2 Anhang A enthält grundsätzliche Hinweise zur Auswahl des Prüfverfahrens für die Bestimmung der Rohdichte von Asphalt.
Mélanges bitumineux - Méthodes d'essai pour mélange hydrocarboné a chaud - Partie 5: Détermination de la densité maximale
Bitumenske zmesi - Preskusne metode za vroče asfaltne zmesi - 5. del: Ugotavljanje največje gostote
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 5: Determination of the maximum densityGHOMélanges bitumineux - Méthodes d'essai pour mélange hydrocarboné a chaud - Partie 5: Détermination de la densité maximaleAsphalt - Prüfverfahren für Heißasphalt - Teil 5: Bestimmung der RohdichteTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12697-5:2002+A1:2007SIST EN 12697-5:2004+A1:2007en,fr,de93.080.20Materiali za gradnjo cestRoad construction materialsICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12697-5:2004+A1:200701-november-2007
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12697-5:2002+A1
July 2007 ICS 93.080.20 Supersedes EN 12697-5:2002English Version
Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 5: Determination of the maximum density
Mélanges bitumineux - Méthodes d'essai pour mélange hydrocarboné à chaud - Partie 5: Détermination de la densité maximale
Asphalt - Prüfverfahren für Heißasphalt - Teil 5: Bestimmung der Rohdichte This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 March 2002 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 16 May 2007.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
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B-1050 Brussels © 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12697-5:2002+A1:2007: E
EN 12697-5:2002+A1:2007 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword.3 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.6 3 Terms and definitions.6 4 Principle.7 5 Materials.7 6 Apparatus.7 7 Sampling.8 8 Preparation of sample.8 9 Procedure.8 10 Calculation.10 11 Precision.12 12 Report.12 Annex A (informative)
General guidance on selection of a test procedure to determine the maximum density of bituminous mixtures.14 Annex B (informative)
Determination of the binder absorption characteristics of the mineral aggregates for bituminous mixtures).16 Annex C (normative)
Procedure for the calibration of a pyknometer.18 Bibliography.19
EN 12697-5:2002+A1:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12697-5:2002+A1:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 "Road mixtures", the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2008 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2008. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2007-05-16. This document supersedes EN 12697-5:2002. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! ". This European Standard is one of a series of standards as listed below. EN 12697-1, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 1: Soluble binder content EN 12697-2, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution EN 12697-3, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 3: Binder recovery: Rotary evaporator EN 12697-4, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 4: Binder recovery: Fractionating column EN 12697-5, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 5: Determination of the maximum density EN 12697-6, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 6: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimen EN 12697-7, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 7: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens by gamma rays EN 12697-8, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 8: Determination of void characteristics of bituminous specimens EN 12697-9, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 9: Determination of the reference density EN 12697-10, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 10: Compactibility EN 12697-11, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 11: Determination of the affinity between aggregate and bitumen EN 12697-12, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 12: Determination of the water sensitivity of bituminous specimens EN 12697-13, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 13: Temperature measurement EN 12697-14, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 14: Water content
EN 12697-5:2002+A1:2007 (E) 4 EN 12697-15, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 15: Determination of the segregation sensitivity EN 12697-16, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 16: Abrasion by studded tyres EN 12697-17, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 17: Particles loss of porous asphalt specimen EN 12697-18, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 18: Binder drainage EN 12697-19, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 19: Permeability of specimen EN 12697-20, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 20: Indentation using cube or Marshall specimens EN 12697-21, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 21: Indentation using plate specimens EN 12697-22, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 22: Wheel tracking EN 12697-23, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 23: Determination of the indirect tensile strength of bituminous specimens EN 12697-24, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 24: Resistance to fatigue EN 12697-25, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 25: Cyclic compression test EN 12697-26, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 26: Stiffness EN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 27: Sampling EN 12697-28, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 28: Preparation of samples for determining binder content, water content and grading EN 12697-29, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 29: Determination of the dimensions of bituminous specimen EN 12697-30, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 30: Specimen preparation by impact compactor EN 12697-31, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 31: Specimen preparation by gyratory compactor EN 12697-32, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 32: Laboratory compaction of bituminous mixtures by a vibratory compactor EN 12697-33, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 33: Specimen preparation by roller compactor EN 12697-34, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 34: Marshall test EN 12697-35, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 35: Laboratory mixing EN 12697-36, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 36: Determination of the thickness of a bituminous pavement EN 12697-37, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 37: Hot sand test for the adhesivity of binder on precoated chippings for HRA
EN 12697-5:2002+A1:2007 (E) 5 EN 12697-38, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 38: Common equipment and calibration EN 12697-39, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 39: Binder content of by ignition EN 12697-40, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 40: In situ drainability EN 12697-41, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 41: Resistance to deicing fluids EN 12697-42, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 42: Amount of coarse foreign matters in reclaimed asphalt EN 12697-43, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 43: Resistance to fuel The applicability of this European Standard is described in the product standards for bituminous mixtures. !deleted text" WARNING — The method described in this European Standard can require the use of dichloromethane (methylene chloride), this solvent is hazardous to health and is subject to occupational exposure limits as described in relevant legislation and regulations. Exposure levels are related to both handling procedures and ventilation provision and it is emphasised that adequate training should be given to staff employed in the use of this substances. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 12697-5:2002+A1:2007 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies test methods for determining the maximum density of a bituminous mixture (voidless mass). It specifies a volumetric procedure, a hydrostatic procedure and a mathematical procedure. The test methods described are intended for use with loose bituminous mixtures containing paving grade bitumens, modified binders or other bituminous binders used for hot mix asphalt. The tests are suitable for both fresh or aged bituminous mixtures. NOTE 1 Samples can be supplied as loose mixture or as compacted mixture. NOTE 2 General guidance on selection of a test procedure to determine the maximum density of a bituminous mixture is given in annex A. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 1097-6, Test for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates − Part 6: Determination of particle density and water absorption. EN 12697-1, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 1: Soluble binder content. EN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 27: Sampling. EN 12697-28, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 28: Preparation of samples for determining binder content, water content and grading. EN ISO 3838, Crude oil and liquid or solid petroleum products − Determination of density or relative density − Capillary-stoppered pyknometer and graduated bicappilary pyknometer methods (ISO 3838:1995). 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 maximum density mass per unit volume, without air voids, of a bituminous mixture at known test temperature 3.2 bulk density mass per unit volume, including the air voids, of a specimen at known test temperature 3.3 apparent particle density ratio of the oven dried mass of a sample of aggregate to the volume it occupies in water including any internal sealed voids but excluding water accessible voids 3.4 particle density on an oven dried basis of aggregate ratio of the oven dried mass of a sample of aggregate to the volume it occupies in water including both internal sealed voids and water accessible voids
EN 12697-5:2002+A1:2007 (E) 7 3.5 loose bulk density of aggregate quotient obtained when the mass of dry aggregate filling a specified container without compaction is divided by the capacity of that container 4 Principle The maximum density, together with the bulk density, is used to calculate the air voids content of a compacted sample and other volumetric-related properties of a compacted bituminous mixture. In the volumetric and hydrostatic procedures the maximum density of bituminous mixtures is determined from the volume of the sample without voids and from its dry mass. In the volumetric procedure the volume of the sample is measured as the displacement of water or solvent by the sample in a pyknometer. In the hydrostatic procedure the volume of the sample is calculated from the dry mass of the sample and from its mass in water. In the mathematical procedure the maximum density of a bituminous mixture is calculated from its composition (binder content and aggregate content) and the densities of the constituent mixtures. 5 Materials 5.1 De-aired water (freshly de-aired and cooled) or organic solvent, suitable to solve bituminous binders (for the volumetric and hydrostatic procedures). 5.2 Dispersion agent, [e.g. 7 % of Nonylphenolpolyglcolether (7 groups of Ethoxyl) in water]. 5.3 Boiling water. 6 Apparatus 6.1 Tools to clean samples (if required). 6.2 Ventilated cabinet, capable of drying the sample and maintaining a uniform temperature within (110 ± 5) °C in the vicinity of the test sample(s). 6.3 Suitable tools to loosen and separate the sample, e.g. spatula. 6.4 Balance, accurate to at least 0,1 g. 6.5 Thermometer, accurate to at least 0,1 °C. 6.6 Water-bath, maintaining the water at a uniform temperature within ± 0,2 °C in the vicinity of the test sample(s). The water-bath shall contain a grid to permit submersion of the pyknometer or container to around
20 mm below the upper edge of pyknometer or container and to allow water to circulate. The volume of the bath shall be at least three times that of the pyknometer/container. 6.7 Vibrating table, or other means to shake the pyknometer or container during evacuation of air. 6.8 Pyknometer, (for the volumetric procedure), of suitable size, with an accurately fitting head piece. The volume of the pyknometer shall be such that the sample occupies up to 2/3 of its volume. The volume of the pyknometer shall be regularly calibrated in accordance with annex C. 6.9 Vacuum system, (for the volumetric procedure), with manometer or calibrated vacuum gauge, capable of evacuating air from the pyknometer to a residual pressure of 4 kPa or less.
EN 12697-5:2002+A1:2007 (E) 8 6.10 Container, (for the hydrostatic procedure), capable of being suspended in water. The shape of the container shall be such that the sample can be immersed completely when filling the container with water; the sample shall occupy up to 2/3 of the container’s volume which shall be not less than 3 000 cm3. 6.11 Vacuum desiccator, (for the hydrostatic procedure), or other vacuum vessel capable of accommodating the pyknometer or container. 7 Sampling Samples of bituminous mixture shall be obtained in accordance with EN 12697-27. Samples shall have a mass expressed in grams of at least 50 times the numerical value of the nominal maximum particle size of the aggregates in millimetres, i.e. the largest specified sieve size of the mixture with a minimum of 250 g. 8 Preparation of sample 8.1 Bulk samples Obtain a test sample from a bulk sample after homogenising by riffling or quartering in accordance with EN 12697-28. 8.2 Samples from finished mixture Samples of compacted mixture shall be cleaned by brushing or washing before being placed in the ventilated cabinet, at a temperature of (110 ± 5) °C, dried to constant mass and then separated. NOTE Constant mass is obtained when the change of mass between two determinations at an interval of at least 30 min is less than 0,1 % (m/m). 8.3 Sample separation Samples shall be loosened and separated into coarse particles and agglomerations. Agglomerations shall not be larger than 6 mm. If the mixture is not sufficiently soft to separate manually, warm it on a tray in an oven at a temperature not exceeding 110 °C, but only until it can be properly handled. 9 Procedure 9.1 General All masses shall be determined in grams to the nearest 0,1 g. The volume of the pyknometer shall be determined in cubic metres to the nearest 0,5 x 10-6 m3. 9.2 Procedure A: Volumetric procedure 9.2.1 Weigh the empty pyknometer including the head piece (m1) of known volume (Vp). NOTE The volume of the pyknometer can be determined in accordance with !Annex C". 9.2.2 Place the dry test sample into the pyknometer and bring it to ambient temperature, then weigh again, together with the head piece (m2). 9.2.3 Fill the pyknometer with de-aired water or solvent, up to a maximum of 30 mm belo
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