oSIST prEN 845-1:2010
(Main)Specification for ancillary components for masonry - Part 1: Wall ties, tension straps, hangers and brackets
Specification for ancillary components for masonry - Part 1: Wall ties, tension straps, hangers and brackets
This European Standard specifies the requirements for wall ties, tension straps, hangers and brackets for interconnecting masonry and for connecting masonry to other parts of works and buildings including walls, floors, beams and columns. Where anchors or fasteners are supplied or specified as part of an ancillary component, the requirements including performance requirements apply to the complete product.
Festlegungen für Ergänzungsbauteile für Mauerwerk - Teil 1: Maueranker, Zugbänder, Auflager und Konsolen
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen an Maueranker, Zugbänder, Auflager und Konsolen zur Verbindung von Bauteilen aus Mauerwerk untereinander und zur Verbindung von Mauerwerk mit anderen Teilen von baulichen Anlagen und Gebäuden einschließlich Wänden, Geschossdecken, Trägern und Stützen fest. Sofern Anker oder Befestigungsmittel als Teil eines Ergänzungsbauteils geliefert werden oder als solches festgelegt sind, gelten die Anforderungen einschließlich der Leistungsanforderungen für das vollständige Produkt.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für:
a) Anker und Befestigungsmittel, die nicht Teil eines Ergänzungsbauteils sind;
b) Wandabfangungen;
c) Wandanschlussplatten für die Verankerung in bestehenden Wänden;
d) Produkte aus anderen Werkstoffen als:
1) austenitischer nichtrostender Stahl (Molybdän-Chrom-Nickel-Legierungen bzw. Chrom-Nickel-Legierungen);
2) ferritischer nichtrostender Stahl;
3) Kupfer;
4) Phosphorbronze;
5) Aluminiumbronze;
6) verzinktes Stahlblech mit oder ohne organischen Überzug;
7) Polypropylen;
8) Polyamid (nur Spreizdübel).
ANMERKUNG Es ist nicht möglich, den Feuerwiderstand der hierin aufgeführten Produkte unabhängig vom Mauerwerksbauteil, mit dem sie eine Einheit bilden, zu beurteilen. Der Feuerwiderstand ist daher nicht Gegenstand des Anwendungsbereiches dieser Europäischen Norm.
Spécifications pour composants accessoires de maçonnerie - Partie 1 : Attaches murales, brides de fixation, étriers supports et consoles
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions concernant les attaches murales, brides de fixation, brides de suspension et consoles utilisées pour assurer les liaisons entre des maçonneries et les liaisons entre la maçonnerie et d’autres parties de l’ouvrage ou de la construction, incluant les murs, planchers, poutres et poteaux. Lorsque des éléments d’ancrage ou de fixation sont fournis ou spécifiés comme partie intégrante d’un composant accessoire, les prescriptions, y compris les prescriptions de performance, s’appliquent au produit complet.
Les produis suivants ne sont pas couverts par la présente Norme européenne :
a) éléments d’ancrage et de fixation autres que ceux qui font partie intégrante d’un composant accessoire ;
b) cornières supports ;
c) plaques supports de mur destinées à assurer la fixation avec des murs existants ;
d) produits composés de matériaux autres que les suivants :
1) acier inoxydable austénitique (alliages molybdène chrome nickel ou alliages chrome nickel) ;
2) acier inoxydable ferritique ;
3) cuivre ;
4) bronze phosphorique
5) bronze alumineux ;
6) acier galvanisé avec ou sans revêtement organique ;
7) polypropylène ;
8) polyamide (uniquement pour les chevilles à expansion).
NOTE La résistance au feu des produits inclus ci-après ne peut être évaluée séparément de l’élément de maçonnerie dont ils font partie et n’est, par conséquent, pas couverte par le domaine d’application de la présente partie de cette Norme européenne.
Specifikacija za dodatne komponente zidovja - 1. del: Vezna stremena, sidrni trakovi, obešala in konzole
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 845-1:2010
01-marec-2010
Specifikacija za dodatne komponente zidovja - 1. del: Vezna stremena, sidrni
trakovi, obešala in konzole
Specification for ancillary components for masonry - Part 1: Wall ties, tension straps,
hangers and brackets
Festlegungen für Ergänzungsbauteile für Mauerwerk - Teil 1: Maueranker, Zugbänder,
Auflager und Konsolen
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 845-1
ICS:
91.060.10 Stene. Predelne stene. Walls. Partitions. Facades
Fasade
91.080.30 Zidane konstrukcije Masonry
oSIST prEN 845-1:2010 en,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 845-1:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 845-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2010
ICS 91.080.30 Will supersede EN 845-1:2003+A1:2008
English Version
Specification for ancillary components for masonry - Part 1: Wall
ties, tension straps, hangers and brackets
Festlegungen für Ergänzungsbauteile für Mauerwerk - Teil
1: Maueranker, Zugbänder, Auflager und Konsolen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 125.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 845-1:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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prEN 845-1:2010 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword . 3
1 Scope. 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 6
3.1 Terms and definitions . 6
3.2 Symbols . 9
4 Materials . 9
4.1 General . 9
4.2 Fixings and materials not supplied by the manufacturer . 9
5 Requirements . 10
5.1 General . 10
5.2 Dimensions and limit deviations . 10
5.2.1 Method of measurement and accuracy . 10
5.2.2 Length, applicable cavity width, embedment and fixings (number, size and
location) . 10
5.2.3 Thickness or diameter . 11
5.2.4 Other dimensions . 11
5.3 Mechanical strength . 11
5.3.1 Wall ties and associated fixings . 11
5.3.2 Joist hangers . 14
5.3.3 Brackets . 14
5.3.4 Tension straps . 15
5.4 Resistance to water crossing a cavity . 16
5.5 Safety during installation . 16
5.6 Durability . 16
6 Description and designation . 16
7 Marking . 18
8 Evaluation of conformity . 18
8.1 General . 18
8.2 Initial type tests . 18
8.3 Factory production control . 19
8.4 Sampling for initial type testing and independent testing of consignments . 20
Annex A (normative) Materials and protective coatings . 21
Annex B (normative) Scheme of factory production control . 25
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of
the EU Construction Products Directive . 44
Bibliography . 57
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Foreword
This document (prEN 845-1:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 125
“Masonry”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 845-1:2003+A1:2008.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association and supports the essential requirements of
the EU Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC).
For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annex ZA which is an integral part of this
standard.
In this European Standard the Annexes A and B are normative.
This Part has been modified, including the introduction of additional requirements, taking into account
the detailed answer by CEN/TC 125 to EC mandate M116 for masonry as well as details of the
relationship of this new harmonized European Standard with the EU Directives.
EN 845 “Specification for ancillary components for masonry” consists of the following Parts:
Part 1: Wall ties, tension straps, hangers and brackets.
Part 2: Lintels.
Part 3: Bed joint reinforcement of steel meshwork.
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1 Scope
This European Standard specifies requirements for wall ties, tension straps, hangers and brackets for
interconnecting masonry and for connecting masonry to other parts of works and buildings including
walls, floors, beams, and columns. Where anchors or fasteners are supplied or specified as part of an
ancillary component, the requirements including performance requirements apply to the complete
product.
This European Standard is not applicable to:
a) anchors and fasteners other than as part of an ancillary component;
b) shelf angles;
c) wall starter plates for tying into existing walls;
d) products formed from materials other than:
1) austenitic stainless steel (molybdenum chrome nickel alloys or chrome nickel alloys);
2) ferritic stainless steel;
3) copper;
4) phosphor bronze;
5) aluminium bronze;
6) zinc-coated-steel with or without organic coating;
7) polypropylene;
8) polyamide (for expansion plugs only).
NOTE The resistance fire performance of the products included herein cannot be assessed separately
from the masonry element of which they are part and is therefore not covered under the scope of this part of
this European Standard.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any
of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or
revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including
amendments).
EN 846-4, Methods of test for ancillary components for masonry — Part 4: Determination of load
capacity and load-deflection characteristics of straps.
EN 846-5, Methods of test for ancillary components for masonry — Part 5: Determination of tensile
and compressive load capacity and load displacement characteristics of wall ties (couplet test).
EN 846-6, Methods of test for ancillary components for masonry — Part 6: Determination of tensile
and compressive load capacity and load displacement characteristics of wall ties (single end test).
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EN 846-7, Methods of test for ancillary components for masonry — Part 7: Determination of shear
load capacity and load displacement characteristics of shear ties and slip ties (couplet test for mortar
joint connections).
EN 846-8, Methods of test for ancillary components for masonry — Part 8: Determination of load
capacity and load-deflection characteristics of joist hangers.
EN 846-10, Methods of test for ancillary components for masonry — Part 10: Determination of load
capacity and load-deflection characteristics of brackets.
EN 846-13:2001, Methods of test for ancillary components for masonry — Part 13: Determination of
resistance to impact, abrasion and corrosion of organic coatings.
EN 10020, Definitions and classification of grades of steel.
EN 10088-1, Stainless steels — Part 1: List of stainless steels.
EN 10088-2, Stainless steels — Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of
corrosion resisting steels for general purposes.
EN 10088-3, Stainless steels — Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars,
rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes.
EN 10143, Continuously hot-dip coated steel sheet and strip — Tolerances on dimensions and shape
EN 10244-1, Steel wire and wire products — Non-ferrous metallic coatings on steel wire —
Part 1: General principles.
EN 10244-2, Steel wire and wire products — Non-ferrous metallic coatings on steel wire —
Part 2: Zinc and zinc alloy coatings.
EN 10245-1, Steel wire and wire products — Organic coatings on steel wire — Part 1: General rules.
EN 10245-2, Steel wire and wire products — Organic coatings on steel wire — Part 2: PVC finished wire.
EN 10245-3, Steel wire and wire products — Organic coatings on steel wire — Part 3: PE coated wire.
EN 10326, Continuously hot-dip coated strip and sheet of structural steels — Technical delivery
conditions.
EN 10327, Continuously hot-dip coated strip and sheet of low carbon steel for cold forming —
Technical delivery conditions.
EN ISO 1461, Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles — Specifications and
test methods (ISO 1461:1999).
EN ISO 1463, Metallic and oxide coatings — Measurement of coating thickness — Microscopical
method (ISO 1463:2003).
ISO 75-1, Plastics — Determination of temperature of deflection under load — Part 1: General test
method.
ISO 75-2, Plastics — Determination of temperature of deflection under load — Part 2: Plastics and ebonite.
ISO 178, Plastics — Determination of flexural properties.
ISO 180, Plastics — Determination of Izod impact strength.
ISO 306, Plastics — Thermoplastic materials — Determination of Vicat Softening Temperature (VST).
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ISO 427, Wrought copper-tin alloys — Chemical composition and forms of wrought products.
ISO 428, Wrought copper-aluminium alloys — Chemical composition and forms of wrought products.
ISO 431, Copper refinery shapes.
ISO 527-1, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 1: General principles.
ISO 527-2, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and
extrusion plastics.
ISO 1133, Plastics — Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and the melt volume-flow
rate (MVR) of thermoplastics.
ISO 1183, Plastics — Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics.
ISO 2039-2, Plastics — Determination of hardness — Part 2: Rockwell hardness.
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard the following terms and definitions apply.
NOTE Dimensions and terms relating to wall ties are given in Figure 1.
3.1.1
asymmetrical tie
1) wall tie which is of a different physical design at either end over its embedment depth (or end
fixing). The centre section may be symmetrical or asymmetrical in detail
NOTE 1 Examples are given in Figure 2 a).
2) wall tie which is physically identical at either end over its embedment depth (or end fixing) but
which is fixed in a different manner at each end is also defined as asymmetrical for the purposes
of the test procedure
NOTE 2 Examples are given in Figure 2 b).
3.1.2
bracket
device attached to structural elements, comprising an individual support for two adjacent masonry
units, which form part of a masonry wall
NOTE Examples are given in Figure 3.
3.1.3
cavity wall tie
device for connecting a masonry leaf across a cavity to another masonry leaf or to a structural frame
to resist tension and compression forces while allowing limited differential movement in the plane of
the wall
NOTE 1 Examples are given in Figures 2 and 4.
NOTE 2 Wall ties are further sub classified as asymmetrical or symmetrical and as horizontal, slope-tolerant
or movement-tolerant. Examples are given in Figures 2, 4 and 5 respectively.
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3.1.4
cavity width
distance between the cavity faces of the masonry leaves of a cavity wall, measured perpendicular to
the plane of the wall
3.1.5
declared value
value for a product property, determined in accordance with this standard, that a manufacturer is
confident of achieving bearing in mind the variability of the manufacturing process
3.1.6
minimum embedment length
minimum length to achieve the declared value of a wall tie, strap or hanger designed to be embedded
in mortar (see Figure 1)
NOTE The specification for the length to be built into the wall should be greater than the minimum used by
the manufacturer for the declaration, so as to allow for tolerances in positioning on site.
3.1.7
fixing
device, (e.g. a nail, screw, screw/plug, anchor or bolt) used to connect ancillary components to
masonry or to supporting structures to resist tension and shear forces
3.1.8
horizontal wall tie
cavity wall tie which is designed to be installed approximately horizontally and in the plane of the
mortar joint across a cavity
NOTE Examples are given in Figures 2, and 4.
3.1.9
joist hanger (face fixing type)
device for supporting a joist, beam, truss or rafter on a masonry wall via fixing bolts or screws
NOTE Examples are given in Figure 6.
3.1.10
joist hanger (joint fixing type)
device for supporting a joist, beam, truss or rafter on a masonry wall by direct loading via a flange
which is embedded in a mortar joint
NOTE Examples are given in Figure 7.
3.1.11
1)
load capacity
individual value of the failure load, or load at an extreme displacement, given in the appropriate test
method, whichever is the lesser
3.1.12
tensile/compressive/shear load capacity
mean of the load capacities of the wall ties when tested in tension/compression/shear
1)
A convention has been adopted in this standard for terminology relating to the term ‘load capacity’. It is also used in the
EN 846 test methods which support EN 845. This term without a preceding qualifying adjective as shown in 3.1.11 denotes an
individual value of ‘load capacity’, i.e. the result of one measurement on one specimen. Where the term is used with a
preceding qualifying adjective e.g. ‘tensile load capacity’ (see 3.1.12) this relates to the mean of the load capacities from a
number of specimens tested.
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3.1.13
vertical load capacity
mean of the load capacities of the joist hangers/brackets when tested
3.1.14
movement-tolerant cavity wall tie
cavity wall tie which is designed to allow large in-plane differential movements of the walls, without
generating large shear stresses, by the use of flexible body materials, free-running slot systems,
articulated joints or other means
NOTE Examples are given in Figures 8 and 9 c).
3.1.15
profile height
maximum overall height (distance between the upper and lower surface at right angles to the length
and width of the joint) of the embedded portion of a wall tie, strap or hanger (see Figure 1)
3.1.16
shear tie
wall tie designed to transmit shear, tension and compression forces between two adjacent sections of
masonry or between structural frames and masonry
NOTE Shear ties are sub-classified as symmetrical or asymmetrical. (Examples are given in Figure 10).
3.1.17
slip tie (general purpose)
wall tie designed to transmit only shear forces between two adjacent sections of masonry or between
masonry and structural frames while allowing in-plane movement
NOTE Examples are given in Figure 11.
3.1.18
slip tie (wall-head restraint type)
wall tie designed to transmit shear forces between masonry and structural frames while allowing
vertical in-plane movement
NOTE Examples are given in Figure 12.
3.1.19
slope-tolerant tie
cavity wall tie designed to function satisfactorily with a significant slope from the horizontal
NOTE Examples are given in Figure 5.
3.1.20
slot tie
wall tie whose end fixing (at one end) is by means of engaging a re-entrant key (e.g. dovetail) into a
slot either embedded in a concrete wall or surface fixed to concrete, steel or masonry walls or frame
elements and which is free to slide in the slot either only during installation (for adjustment purposes)
or both during installation and while in service (to allow differential movement)
NOTE Examples are given in Figure 9.
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3.1.21
symmetrical tie
wall tie which is physically identical at each end over its embedment length (or end fixing) and which
is fixed in an identical manner at each end
NOTE 1 The centre section may be symmetrical or asymmetrical in detail.
NOTE 2 Examples are given in Figure 4.
3.1.22
tension strap
device for connecting masonry walls to other adjacent components such as floors and roofs and
which resists tension forces
NOTE Examples are given in Figure 13.
3.1.23
wall tie
device capable of transferring loads between masonry leaves or between masonry and other
structures, in order to limit their relative movement in purely one or more planes, as required
NOTE Examples are given in Figures 1, 2, 4, 8, and 10.
3.2 Symbols
L the overall perpendicular length of a bracket from the fixing surface to the extremity of the
support flange, in mm.
NOTE Examples are given in Figure 3.
4 Materials
4.1 General
Materials for the manufacture of components covered by this standard shall be selected from Annex A
and the material/coating reference shall be declared. The materials within a product, including those
for any fixings, shall be compatible and stainless steel shall not be in contact with other types of steel.
4.2 Fixings and materials not supplied by the manufacturer
The manufacturer shall declare the combinations of masonry units, mortars and fixings (where
appropriate) for which the relevant declared values of product performance characteristics are valid.
Unless otherwise chosen by the manufacturer, the products shall be tested using masonry units
2
conforming to EN 771 with a normalized compressive strength of not greater than 5 N/mm and
general purpose mortar conforming to EN 998-2 with a compressive strength not greater than
2
1,5 N/mm .
Where the fixings are not supplied as part of the product, fixings in accordance with a European
Standard or European Technical Approval shall be specified. The materials for such fixings shall be
compatible with that of the component.
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5 Requirements
5.1 General
The requirements and properties specified in this standard shall be defined in terms of the test
methods and procedures referred to in this European Standard.
NOTE The conformity criteria given in 5.2 to 5.6 inclusive relate to initial type tests (see 8.2) and when
relevant consignment testing (see 8.4).
For production evaluation, conformity criteria in the factory production control documentation shall be
defined.
5.2 Dimensions and limit deviations
5.2.1 Method of measurement and accuracy
Dimensions shall be measured using a calibrated device capable of achieving an error limit of ± 1 %.
5.2.2 Length, applicable cavity width, embedment and fixings (number, size and location)
5.2.2.1 Wall ties
The minimum embedment length of wall ties shall be 30 mm. Ties should be so designed that there
will be 20 mm minimum of mortar beyond the tie in its plane, to prevent compression forces pushing
the tie through the wall.
The overall length of wall ties shall be declared. When sampled in accordance with clause 8 and
measured, the overall length of wall ties shall be within ± 2,5 % of the declared value.
For cavity wall ties, the range of cavity widths over which the declared values of product performance
characteristics are valid shall be declared.
For each end of a wall tie, as appropriate, the minimum embedment length forming the basis for the
declared load capacity, or details and instructions for fixing shall be declared.
NOTE The requirements of this standard may be applied to some component parts of more complex tying
systems (e.g. head restraint slip ties of the types shown in Figure 12).
5.2.2.2 Tension straps
The overall dimensions of each length of a strap together with details of the number, size and location
of fixings as appropriate shall be declared. When sampled in accordance with clause 8 and measured,
dimensions shall be within ± 5 % or 3 mm of the declared values whichever is the lesser.
5.2.2.3 Joist hangers
The minimum declared embedment length of joist hangers (joint fixing type) shall be at least 50 mm.
The clear length of the joist flange (all types) shall be at least 75 mm.
The following dimensions shall be declared. When sampled in accordance with clause 8 and
measured these dimensions shall be within ± 5 % or 3 mm of the declared values whichever is the
lesser:
the clear length of the masonry flange;
the clear length of the joist flange;
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the perpendicular distance between the bearing surface of the masonry flange and the bearing
surface of the joist flange (joint fixing type only);
the width of the joist for which the hanger is intended.
5.2.2.4 Brackets
The overall perpendicular length, L (see Figure 3), from the fixing surface to the extremity of the
support flange shall be declared. When sampled in accordance with clause 8 and measured, L shall
be within ± 5 % or ± 3 mm of the declared value, whichever is the lesser.
5.2.3 Thickness or diameter
5.2.3.1 Wall ties, tension straps and joist hangers
The minimum thickness of mortar joint for which the component is suitable shall be declared. This
declared thickness shall be not less than the thickness of the joint as used in the tests carried out in
accordance with EN 846.
5.2.3.2 Brackets
The minimum thickness of the material shall be declared. When sampled in accordance with clause 8
and measured, the minimum thickness shall be equal to or greater than the declared value.
The permissible deviations on thickness for coated steel flat materials shall be in accordance with
Tables 1 and 2 of EN 10143:2006.
5.2.4 Other dimensions
5.2.4.1 General
Any other dimensions, including the number, size and location of fixings, which affect the structural
performance of a product or which co-ordinate with other components shall be declared. When
sampled in accordance with clause 8 and measured, these dimensions shall be within ± 5 % of the
declared values.
5.2.4.2 Movement-tolerant cavity wall ties
For movement-tolerant cavity wall ties the maximum permissible range of movement shall be declared.
5.2.4.3 Slope-tolerant cavity wall ties
For slope-tolerant ties the maximum and minimum permissible slopes shall be declared.
5.3 Mechanical strength
5.3.1 Wall ties and associated fixings
5.3.1.1 General
Wall ties shall be designated as either symmetrical or asymmetrical and either horizontal, slope-
tolerant or movement-tolerant. The mechanical performance of slope-tolerant and movement-tolerant
ties at all points of their ranges of slope or movement shall be equal to or greater than the declared
values.
NOTE 1 See 3.1.5 for definition of the term ‘declared value’.
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Where cavity wall ties are declared to be movement-tolerant and/or slope-tolerant then their
mechanical strength shall be determined for the maximum condition of movement and/or maximum
slope.
NOTE 2 The term ‘load capacity’ relates to test values for individual specimens whereas the terms
‘compressive load capacity’, ‘shear load capacity’ and ‘vertical load capacity’ relate to the mean of the test values
for a sample.
The declared load capacity of a wall tie shall be taken as the lowest of the load capacities of parts of
the tie, determined separately, if required, for example load capacity of one or both anchorages,
tensile or compressive strength of the bridging part of the tie or of subdivisions of the bridging part.
The load capacity of a tie may have more than one declared value, if the tie is specified to be used in
more than one type of masonry.
The load capacity shall be declared from the results of tests, using test methods specified in this
standard, or their interpretation.
Calculation models may be used to interpret and extend the results obtained from testing. The
calculation models should be based on a mechanical approach and appropriate material properties.
Historic test data may be used to demonstrate the validity of the calculation model.
The manufacturer shall also declare the failure mode of the masonry and/or the component and/or the
structures to which the component is fixed relating to the declared value (shear, anchorage,
compression or tension).
The ultimate demonstration of compliance with this standard shall be
...
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