SIST EN 24180-2:1996
(Main)Complete, filled transport packages - General rules for the compilation of performance test schedules - Part 2: Quantitative data (ISO 4180-2:1980)
Complete, filled transport packages - General rules for the compilation of performance test schedules - Part 2: Quantitative data (ISO 4180-2:1980)
Versandfertige Packstücke - Allgemeine Regeln für die Erstellung von Prüfplänen - Teil 2: Beanspruchungsparameter (ISO 4180-2:1980)
Emballages d'expédition complets et pleins - Regles générales pour l'établissement des programmes d'essais d'aptitude a l'emploi - Partie 2: Données quantitatives (ISO 4180-2:1980)
Elle a le statut d'une norme horizontale conformément au Guide 108 de la CEI.
Embalaža - Celovita, napolnjena transportna embalaža - Splošna pravila za določanje programa preskusov o primernosti za uporabo - 2. del: Kvantitativni podatki (ISO 4180-2:1980)
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.YDQWLWDWLYQLVersandfertige Packstücke - Allgemeine Regeln für die Erstellung von Prüfplänen - Teil 2: Beanspruchungsparameter (ISO 4180-2:1980)Emballages d'expédition complets et pleins - Regles générales pour l'établissement des programmes d'essais d'aptitude a l'emploi - Partie 2: Données quantitatives (ISO 4180-2:1980)Complete, filled transport packages - General rules for the compilation of performance test schedules - Part 2: Quantitative data (ISO 4180-2:1980)55.180.40Celovita, napolnjena transportna embalažaComplete, filled transport packagesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 24180-2:1992SIST EN 24180-2:1996en01-avgust-1996SIST EN 24180-2:1996SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 24180-2:1996
SIST EN 24180-2:1996
SIST EN 24180-2:1996
International Standard INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATioN FOR STANDARDIZATIONOME)I(L~YHAPO~HAR Of’rAHM3AUMR n() CTAH~APT~3AL(MM~RGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE fi()RMALISATION Complete, filled transport packages - General rules for the compilation of Performance test schedules - Part 2 : Quantitative data Emballages d ‘expkdition complets et pleins - Rkgles g&n&ales pour IWablissemen t des Programmes d’essais d’ap titude a l’ernploi - Partie 2 : Donnhes quantitatives First edition - 1980-08-01 UDC 621.798.1 : 620.16 Ref. No. ISO 4180/2-1980 (E) Descriptors : packages, transport packages, complete and filled packages, Performance tests, mechanical tests, environmental tests, operating requirements, testing conditions, data, quantities. 0 v) Price based on 15 pages SIST EN 24180-2:1996
Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national Standards institutes (ISO member bodies). The work of developing Inter- national Standards is carried out through ISO technical committees. Every member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been set up has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the ISO Council. International Standard ISO 4180/2 was developed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 122, Packaging, and was circulated to the member bodies in March 1979. lt has been approved by the member bodies of the following countries : Australia Austria Belgium B razil Bulgaria Canada Chile Czec hoslova kia Denmark Egypt, Arab Rep. of The member bodies of on technical grounds : 0 the following countries expressed disapproval of the document France Germany, F.R. Hungary India Ireland Israel Japan Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Malaysia Netherlands New Zealand Poland Romania South Africa, Rep. of Spain Turkey United Kingdom USA USSR Y ugoslavia italy Sweden International Organkation for Standardkation, 1980 Printed in Switzerland ii SIST EN 24180-2:1996
Contents Page Introduction . 1 Scope and field of application . 1 References . 1 Factors requiring quantification in test methods. . 2 Preferred values of test intensities . 2 Test intensity modifying factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Examples of the compilation of test schedules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 . . . Ill SIST EN 24180-2:1996
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INTERNATIONALSTANDARD ISO 4180/2-1980 (El Complete, filled transport packages - General rules for the compilation of Performance test schedules - Part 2 : Quantitative data 0 Introduction This International Standard has been prepared in Order to fulfil a need of organizations concerned with the compilation of test schedules for complete, filled transport packages. Such test schedules tan be as diverse as the journeys that packages undergo. Accordingly, this International Standard is intended to set guidelines for the compilation of appropriate test schedules, rather than to provide a rigid framework or to be specified by regulatory or other authorities. lt is expected that, once compiled, a particular test schedule, including the test methods and intensities to be applied, could be the subject of International Standards or would become a matter for agreement between the Parties concerned, for exam- ple the package designer, the manufacturer of the contents, the transport authority, the customer, the statutory regulating body or any combination of them. The two Parts are intended to be read in conjunction with one another. 2 References ISO 2206, Packaging - Complete, fifled transport pack- ages - Part 7 : lden tification of Parts when testing. ISO 2233, Packaging - Complete, filled transport pack- ages - Part 2 : Conditioning for testing. ISO 2234, Packaging - Complete, filled transport pack- ages - Part 3 : Stacking test. ISO 2244, Packaging - Complete, filled transport pack- ages - Part 5 : Horizontal impact tests linclined plane test; pendulum tes tl. ISO 2247, Packaging - Complete, filled transport pack- ages - Part 6 : Vibration test. ISO 2248, Packaging - Complete, filled transport pack- ages - Part 4 : Vertical impact test b y dropping. 1 Scope and field of application This International Standard establishes general rules to be used for the compilation of Performance test schedules for com- plete, filled transport packages intended for use within any distribution System, whether transported by road, rail, sea, air or inland waterway, or by a combination of these modes of transport. ISO 4180/1 states the general principles entailed in compiling test schedules. lt also gives the factors to be considered in assessing the criteria of acceptance of such packages after they have been subjected to a package Performance test schedule. This part incorporates all the quantitative data necessary to establish test intensities and other quantitative features of test schedules. ISO 2872, Packaging - Complete, filled transport pack- ages - Part 7 : Compression test. I SO 2873, Packaging - Complete, filled transport pack- ages - Part 8 : Low pressure test. ISO 2874, Packaging - Complete, filled transport pack- ages - Part 9 : Stacking test using compression tester. ISO 2875, Packaging - Complete, filled transport pack- ages - Part 70 : Water Spray test. ISO 2876, Packaging - Complete, filled transport pack- ages - Part 7 7 : Rolling test. ISO 4180/1, Complete, filled transport packages - General rules for the compilation of Performance test schedules - Part 7 : General prin ciples. 1 SIST EN 24180-2:1996
ISO 4180/2-1980 EI 3 Factors requiring quantification in test methods Relevant test methods, and the factors requiring quantification before each test tan be used, are given in table 1. 4 Preferred values of test intensities Basic test intensities, which are considered to be normal for a common distribution System and which are based upon a package of “average” mass and size (i.e. of mass 20 kg and dimensions 400 mm x 400 mm x 400 mm) are given in table 2, for the road, rail, water and air modes of transport and for storage. Where a test intensity other than the basic value is appropriate (sec clause 5) the value selected should be Chosen, as far as is practicable, from the preferred values given in table 3. For comparative investigations or research it may be necessary to select values of test intensity other than those given in table 3. Table 1 - Methods of test and factors requiring quantification Method of test Conditioning ISO 2233 Stac ki ng test ISO 2234 Vertical impact test by dropping Horizontal impact tests (inclined plane test, pendulum test) Vibration test Compression test Low pressure test Stacking test using compression tester Water Spray test Rolling test 1) See ISO 2206. Relevant International Standard ISO 2248 ISO 2244 ISO 2247 ISO 2872 ISO 2873 ISO 2874 ISO 2875 ISO 2876 Factors requiring quantification Temperature, relative humidity, time, pre-drying conditions (if any). Load, duration of time under load, attitude(s) of the package(s)‘), atmospheric temperature and relative humidity, number of replicate packages. Drop height, attitude(s) of the package(s)l), atmospheric temperature and relative humidity, number of replicate packages, number of impacts. Horizontal velocity, attitude(s) of the package(s)l), atmospheric iemperature and relative humidity, profiles of impacting surfaces and use (if any) of an interposed hazard, number of replicate packages. Duration of test, attitude(s) of the package(s)‘), atmospheric temperature and relative humidity, load (if any) superimposed on the package(s), number of replicate pac kages. Maximum load (where applicable), attitude(s) of the package(s) ‘), atmospheric temperature and relative humidity, upper platen rigidly mounted or free to tilt, number of replicate packages. Pressure, duration of time at reduced pressure, temperature within test chamber, number of replicate packages. Load applied, duration of time under load, attitude(s) of the package(s)‘), atmos- pheric temperature and relative humidity, number of replicate packages. Duration of time under Spray, attitude(s) of the package(s)‘), number of replicate pac kages. Atmospheric temperature and relative humidity, number of replicate packages. 2 SIST EN 24180-2:1996
Method of test Variable Tests imposed by equipment installation and environment Climatic l) Rain Temperature Relative humidity Low pressure Vibration Duration Height of Stack, if loaded Stacking Duration As given Height -- Horizontal impact Veloci ty m mIs Test imposed by manpower Vertical impact Drop height Units min m Table 2 - Basic test intensities Transport mode Storage Road Rail Water Air Tnge 8 :zi , Range , “e , Range , “: , Range 1 :zB , Range Under study 1 day 1 day to 1 week 1 day 2,50 1,50 to 3,50 2,50 1,5 1,5 to 2,7 I 1,8 500 1:” 1500 lOto60 1,50 to 2,50 1 day to 1 week 1,50 to 2,50 1,3 to 5,0 100 to 1 200 Short : 20 lOto60 Lang : 60 3,50 3,50 to 7,00 Short : 1 day Long : 1 week 3,50 1 day to 4 weeks 3,50 to 7,00 1 - - -7 300 100 to 1 200 Under study Under study 1 day 1,80 Nil Nil Short : 1 day Long : 1 week 3,50 1 day to 4 weeks 1,50 to 7,00 - - - - 500 100 to - - 1 200 1) Appropriate methods of test will be the subjects of future International Standards. W SIST EN 24180-2:1996
P Method of test Stacking Relevant International Standard ISO 2234 Table 3 - Preferred range of test intensities Preferred range of test intensities Variable Applicable to normal hazards Applicable to unusual or particular hazards Load by a combination of : a) height of Stack; 1,50 - 1,80 - 2,50 - 3,50 - 5,00 - 7,00 m Range commencing at 9,00 m and continuing at 2 m intervals. b) density of Stack. 1) identical packages : the density of the As for normal range of hazards. package under test. 2) for assorted packages : 0,25 - 0,35 - As for normal fange of hazards. 0,5 - 0,7 - 1,O - 1,4 - 2,0 Mg/m3 Duration under load 1 - 2 - 3 days; 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 weeks. Range commencing at 8 weeks and continuing at 4 week intervals. Horizontal impact ISO 2244 Vertical impact ISO 2248 Vibration ISO 2247 Horizontal veiocity Drop height Duration of test 1,5 - 1,8 - 2‘2 - 2,7 - 3,3 - 4,0 - 5,0 m/s As for normal range of hazards. 100 - 150 - 200 - 300 - 400 - 500 - Range commencing at 1 500 mm and continuing 600 - 800 - 1 000 - 1 200 mm at 300 mm intervals. lO-20-40-60min Range commencing at 2 h and continuing at 1 h intervals. Height of Stack from which superimposed’ loads are der ived 1,50 - 1,80 - 2,50 - 3,50 m As for normal range of hazards. SIST EN 24180-2:1996
1st) 4180/2-1980 (El 5 Test intensity modifying factors known features of the distribution System or of the package, are given in table 4. 5.1 General Guideiines for modifying basic values of test intensity, due to The special circumstances introduced by palletization and by the use of freight Containers are outlined in 5.2. Tabie 4 - Test intensity modifying factors Test variable Stacking height Transport mode Modification of test intensity Road a) Vehicle height : For road transport the basic stacking height of 2,50 m may be increased to 3,50 m when it is known that vehicles permitting such stacking heights may be used. b) Mass and size of package : The size and mass of the packages constituting the Stack may introduce a limiting factor to the Stack height and lead to a Stack height of less than 2,50 m due to the floor loading and axle loading capabilities of the vehicles. Rail a) Vehicle height : For rail transport the basic stacking height of 2,50 m will also be the maximum. b) Mass and site of package : The size and mass of the packages constituting the Stack may introduce a limiting factor to the Stack height and lead to a Stack height of less than 2,50 m due to the floor Ioading capabilities of the vehicles. Water a) Vehicle height : For water transport the basic stacking height of 3,50 m may be increased to 5,00 m or 7,00 m when it is known that vessels permitting such stacking heights may be used. b) Mass and size of package : The size and mass of the packages constituting the Stack may introduce a Iimiting factor to the Stack height and lead to a Stack height of less than 3,50 m due to the floor loading capabilities of the decks. Air Storage Not applicable. Warehouses : Greater stacking heights (5,OO m, 7,00 m, or higher) may be applied when it is known that such heights may be used. Freight Containers (See 5.2.) and pal lets Stacking duration Road l Known conditions : Variation from the times given in table 2 may be made against Rail known facts relating to the distribution System. Water Air Storage Vibration duration NOTE - The effects of Vibration testing will usually be manifest within the normal duration. lt is desir- able to extend the duration of the Vibration test whilst significant changes in the package or contents tan be detected. Road a) Journey length : For road journeys between 1 000 and 1 500 km in length, the Vibration duration should be 40 min and for journeys longer than 1 500 km the duration should be 60 min. For journeys of less than 1 h a duration of 10 min should be used. b) Rough journeys : For known journeys over bad roads, where poor vehicles are used or where the journey is known to be severe in some other way, the distances quoted in a) should be halved before a decision is made concerning the duration of Vibration. 1 1 5 SIST EN 24180-2:1996
ISO 4180/2-1980 (El Test variable Vibration duration Vibration stack height corresponding to supetimposed load Horizontal impact velocity Horizontal impact, number of impacts Vertical impact, drop height Transport mode Modification of test intensity Rail Water Air Road Rail Water Road Rail Water Air Road Rail Water Air Road Rail Air Water Road Rail Water Air Table 4 kontinued) a) Journey length : For rail journeys between 3 000 and 4 500 km in length the Vibration duration should be 40 min and for journeys longer than 4 500 km the duration should be 60 min. For journeys of less than 3 h a duration of 10 min should be used. b) Rough journeys : For known journeys over poor track or where poor vehicles are used, the distances quoted in a) should be halved before deciding whether the basic duration of Vibration should be modified. (Under study) (Under study) As for “stacking height”. Stowage : In known instances of bad stowage a velocity of 2,7 m/s should be used. Known conditions : The values of horizontal impact velocity in rail transport may be selected from the range 1,5 to 5,0 m/s against conditions known to obtain within a given network of railways. Not applicable. Not applicable. The number of impacts carried out at the appropriate stages in the test schedule should be related to the Iikely incidence of the horizontal impact harard in the distri bution System. Not applicable. Not applicable. a) Mass of package : The drop height should be modified according to the package mass and mode of transport as follows : Package mass Drop height kg) (mm) < 10 800 IOto 20 600 20 to 30 500 30 to 40 400 40 to 50 300 50 to 100 200 > 100 100 <15 1 000 15to 30 800 30 to 40 600 40 to 45 500 45 to 50 400 > 50 300 b) Handling equipment : The equipment used to handle a package has to be taken into account. If it is known that handling equipment is weil suited to the package, a decrease in intensity will be in Order; if the handling equipment is ill-suited to the package, an increase in intensity will be appropriate. Any increase or decrease in intensity should be limited to one step in the preferred range of values of drop height (sec table 3). SIST EN 24180-2:1996
ISO 4180/2-1980 (E) Table 4 koncluded) Test variable Transport mode Modification of test intensity Road Rail Water Air 1 c) Handleability (size, shape, handling aids) of packages : The handleability of a package (comprised of size, shape, presence of handling aids, etc.) may influence the degree of hazard. Packages that are difficult to handle may be subject to an increased hazard; conversely, packages that are easily handled may be subject to a reduced hazard. d) Appearance (including markings), materials, or consttuction of package or fragil@ of contents : These may require a reduction or an increase to be made in intensity. The reduction or increase should be limited to one step in the preferred range of values of drop height (sec table 3). e) Dangerous, aggressive, or valuable contents : Packages containing dangerous goods must frequently comply with various mandatory and/or statutory regulations, Performance requirements or special carrier requirements and give additional assurance of the integrity of thecontents. The teat intensities to be used are commonly included in such requirements. Additional assurance of the integrity of the contents of the package may also be required if the contents are aggressive (for example liable to contaminate other packages), or of high value. The test intensity should be raised accordingly. Freight Containers See 5.2. and pal lets Vertical impact, number
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