SIST EN 14345:2005
(Main)Characterization of waste - Determination of hydrocarbon content by gravimetry
Characterization of waste - Determination of hydrocarbon content by gravimetry
This document specifies a gravimetric method for the determination of the hydrocarbon content in solid waste. It is applicable to hydrocarbon content greater than 0,5 % (m/m) on dry matter basis. This method does not permit to provide qualitative information on the nature and the source of the hydrocarbons.
NOTE Aqueous liquid waste samples can be analysed in accordance with prEN ISO 9377 1 or the procedure specified in Annex B.
Charakterisierung von Abfällen - Bestimmung des Kohlenwasserstoffgehalts mittels Gravimetrie
Dieses Dokument legt ein gravimetrisches Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Kohlenwasserstoffgehalts in festem
Abfall fest. Sie gilt für Kohlenwasserstoffgehalte von über 0,5 % (m/m), bezogen auf die Trockenmasse.
Dieses Verfahren liefert keine qualitativen Informationen über die Natur und Herkunft der Kohlenwasserstoffe.
ANMERKUNG Proben aus wässrigem flüssigen Abfall können nach prEN ISO 9377-1 oder nach dem in Anhang B
beschriebenen Verfahren analysiert werden.
Caractérisation des déchets - Détermination de la teneur en hydrocarbures par gravimétrie
La présente norme européenne décrit une méthode gravimétrique de détermination de la teneur en hydrocarbures de déchets solides et liquides aqueux.
Elle est applicable lorsque la teneur en hydrocarbures est supérieure a 0,1 % (m/m) rapportée a la matiere seche et n'est pas applicable aux déchets ayant des teneurs élevées en hydrocarbures volatils, du fait de la perte de ces matieres volatiles au cours du processus de séchage.
Cette méthode ne permet pas de fournir des informations qualitatives sur la nature et la source des hydrocarbures.
Karakterizacija odpadkov - Določevanje ogljikovodikov z gravimetrijo
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.LMRCharakterisierung von Abfällen - Bestimmung des Kohlenwasserstoffgehalts mittels GravimetrieCaractérisation des déchets - Détermination de la teneur en hydrocarbures par gravimétrieCharacterization of waste - Determination of hydrocarbon content by gravimetry13.030.01Odpadki na splošnoWastes in generalICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14345:2004SIST EN 14345:2005en01-marec-2005SIST EN 14345:2005SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 14345:2005
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14345September 2004ICS 13.030.01 English versionCharacterization of waste - Determination of hydrocarboncontent by gravimetryCaractérisation des déchets - Détermination de la teneuren hydrocarbures par gravimétrieCharakterisierung von Abfällen - Bestimmung desKohlenwasserstoffgehalts mittels GravimetrieThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 July 2004.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14345:2004: ESIST EN 14345:2005
EN 14345:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword.3 Introduction.4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms and definitions.5 4 Principle.5 5 Hazards.5 6 Interferences.6 7 Reagents.6 8 Equipment.6 9 Sample conservation and pre-treatment.7 10 Procedure.7 10.1 Blank.7 10.2 Dry matter.7 10.3 Extraction.7 10.4 Clean-up.7 10.5 Gravimetric determination of the hydrocarbon content.8 10.6 Calculation and evaluation.8 10.7 Quality control.8 10.7.1 Suitability check of the clean-up procedure.8 10.7.2 Recovery of the hydrocarbon standard solution.8 11 Performance characteristics.9 12 Test report.9 Annex A (informative)
Inclusion of semi-volatile hydrocarbons.10 Annex B (informative)
Aqueous liquid waste.13 Annex C (informative)
Flow diagram.14 Annex D (informative)
Summary of general requirements and recommendations.15 Bibliography.16
SIST EN 14345:2005
EN 14345:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14345:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 292 “Characterization of waste”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2005. Anyone dealing with waste and sludge analysis should be aware of the typical risks of that kind of material irrespective of the parameter to be determined. Waste and sludge samples may contain hazardous (e.g. toxic, reactive, flammable, infectious) substances, which can be liable to biological and/or chemical reaction. Consequently these samples should be handled with special care. Gases which may be produced by microbiological or chemical activity are potentially flammable and will pressurise sealed bottles. Bursting bottles are likely to result in hazardous shrapnel, dust and/or aerosol. National regulations should be followed with respect to all hazards associated with this method. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. SIST EN 14345:2005
EN 14345:2004 (E) 4 Introduction Hydrocarbons have been determined up to now mainly by infrared spectroscopy after extraction with halogenated solvents such as 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane or tetrachloromethane. The objective of the new standard is to provide an analytical method for the determination of hydrocarbon content by gravimetry avoiding the use of such solvents. The user of this standard should be aware that the results obtained with the new method might not be comparable with those obtained when using infrared spectroscopy. This document is restricted to waste samples containing large amounts of relatively high boiling hydrocarbons (boiling point above 250 °C) and may be used as a test that is easy to perform. SIST EN 14345:2005
EN 14345:2004 (E) 5
1 Scope This document specifies a gravimetric method for the determination of the hydrocarbon content in solid waste. It is applicable to hydrocarbon content greater than 0,5 % (m/m) on dry matter basis. This method does not permit to provide qualitative information on the nature and the source of the hydrocarbons. NOTE Aqueous liquid waste samples can be analysed in accordance with prEN ISO 9377-1 or the procedure specified in Annex B. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. prEN 14346, Characterization of waste — Calculation of dry matter by determination of dry residue and water content EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following term and definition applies. 3.1 hydrocarbon content by gravimetry
sum of compounds extractable with acetone/petroleum ether (2+1) which do not adsorb on Florisil and do not evaporate during the drying process. For practical reasons, the term "hydrocarbon content by gravimetry" is abbreviated "hydrocarbon content" in the following text NOTE 1 Substances that comply with this definition are mainly non-polar long-chain or branched aliphatic, alicyclic, polycyclic or alkyl substituted aromatic hydrocarbons.
NOTE 2 This definition differs from that given in EN 14039. 4 Principle Depending on the type of waste, a known amount of the homogenised waste sample is extracted by mechanical shaking twice with acetone/petroleum ether (2+1). The combined extracts are washed twice with water. Polar compounds are removed by chromatography on Florisil. The final extract is evaporated to dryness after which the mass of the residue is determined by weighing. 5 Hazards Acetone and petroleum ether are highly flammable solvents and shall therefore be handled with caution. Special care is required during centrifugation. During extraction substantial pressure can built-up in the extraction vessel. This pressure shall be released by occasional venting of the vessel in a fume hood. Due to its toxicity, the contact with the skin and eyes and the inhalation of petroleum ether vapours shall be avoided. SIST EN 14345:2005
EN 14345:2004 (E) 6 6 Interferences High concentrations of more polar compounds, e.g. animal and vegetable fats and oils, may exceed the adsorption capacity of the Florisil used. A mass fraction of up to 1,0 % of such compounds will not interfere with the determination of hydrocarbon content. 7 Reagents 7.1 In general, all reagents shall be at least of reagent grade and suitable for their specific purposes Use water complying with at least EN ISO 3696, grade 3. 7.2 Acetone, (CH3)2CO; 7.3 Petroleum ether, (boiling range 40 °C to 60 °C); NOTE Other hydrocarbon solvents, boiling range 36 °C to 69 °C can be used providing extraction efficiencies are proven to be comparable. 7.4 Florisil1, particle size 150 µm to 250 µm (mesh 100 to 60), heated for at least 16 h at 140 °C and stored in a desiccator over a molecular sieve. Alternatively, commercially available Forisil cartridges containing 2 g of Florisil and 2 g of sodium sulfate are also applicable. 7.5 Anhydrous sodium sulfate, Na2SO4, heated for at least 2 h at 550 °C; 7.6 Test solution of n-octadecanoic acid octadecyl ester, C36H72O2. Dissolve about 2 g of n-octadecanoic acid octadecyl ester in 100 ml petroleum ether [7.3]. 7.7 Hydrocarbon standard solution for recovery check Dissolve about 2 g of an heavy mineral oil such as a lubricating oil, without any additives, in 100 ml of petroleum ether [7.3]. 7.8 A plug of pre-washed glass wool or a PTFE frit is pushed down into the column [8.10]. Then, success
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