SIST EN ISO 18830:2018

Plastics - Determination of aerobic biodegradation of non-floating plastic materials in a seawater/sandy sediment interface - Method by measuring the oxygen demand in closed respirometer (ISO 18830:2016)

ISO 18830:2016 specifies a test method to determine the degree and rate of aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials when settled on marine sandy sediment at the interface between seawater and the seafloor, by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer.
Measurement of aerobic biodegradation can also be obtained by monitoring the carbon dioxide evolution. This is not in the scope of this International Standard but of ISO 19679.
This test method is a simulation under laboratory conditions of the habitat found in different seawater/sediment-areas in the sea, e.g. in a benthic zone where sunlight reaches the ocean floor (photic zone) that, in marine science, is called sublittoral zone
The determination of biodegradation of plastic materials buried in marine sediment is outside the scope of this International Standard.
The conditions described in this International Standard may not always correspond to the optimum conditions for the maximum degree of biodegradation to occur.

Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der aeroben biologischen Abbaubarkeit von nicht-schwimmenden Kunststoffmaterialien in einer Meerwasser/Sediment-Schnittstelle - Prüfverfahren mittels Messung des Sauerstoffbedarfes in einem geschlossenen Respirometer (ISO 18830:2016)

Plastiques - Détermination de la biodégradation aérobie des matières plastiques immergées à l'interface eau de mer/sédiments sableux - Méthode par mesurage de la demande en oxygène dans un respiromètre fermé (ISO 18830:2016)

L'ISO 18830:2016 spécifie une méthode d'essai permettant de déterminer le taux et le niveau de biodégradation aérobie des matériaux plastiques lorsqu'ils se trouvent sur des sédiments sableux marins à l'interface entre l'eau de mer et le fond océanique, en mesurant la demande en oxygène dans un respiromètre fermé.
Le mesurage de la biodégradation aérobie peut également être obtenu en surveillant la production de dioxyde de carbone. Ce sujet ne fait pas partie du domaine d'application de l'ISO 18830:2016 mais il est traité dans l'ISO 19679.
Cette méthode d'essai est une simulation, dans les conditions de laboratoire, de l'habitat rencontré dans différentes zones d'eau de mer/de sédiments en mer, par exemple dans une zone benthique où les rayons du soleil atteignent le fond océanique (zone photique) c'est-à-dire ce qu'on appelle, en science marine, la zone sublittorale.
La détermination de la biodégradation des matériaux plastiques enfouis dans les sédiments marins est hors du domaine d'application de l'ISO 18830:2016.
Les conditions décrites dans l'ISO 18830:2016 ne correspondent pas nécessairement aux conditions optimales permettant d'obtenir le taux maximal de biodégradation.

Polimerni materiali - Ugotavljanje aerobne biodegradacije neplavajočih plastičnih materialov v vmesnem predelu med morsko vodo in peščenim sedimentom - Metoda z merjenjem kemijske potrebe po kisiku v zaprtem respirometru (ISO 18830:2016)

Standard ISO 18830:2016 določa preskusno metodo za določevanje stopnje in hitrosti aerobne biorazgradnje polimernih materialov na peščenem morskem sedimentu na vmesni točki med morsko vodo in morskim dnom na podlagi merjenja porabe kisika v zaprtem respirometru.
Aerobna biorazgradnja se lahko meri tudi s spremljanjem sproščanja ogljikovega dioksida. To ne spada na področje uporabe tega mednarodnega standarda, temveč na področje uporabe standarda ISO 19679.
Ta preskusna metoda je simulacija morskega habitata v različnih morskih vodah/območjih s sedimenti, npr. v bentalnem območju, kjer sončna svetloba doseže oceansko dno (fotično območje), ki se v morski znanosti imenuje sublitoralno območje, pod laboratorijskimi pogoji.
Določevanje biorazgradnje polimernih materialov, zakopanih v morskem sedimentu, ne spada na področje uporabe tega mednarodnega standarda.
Pogoji, ki so opisani v tem mednarodnem standardu, niso vedno enaki idealnim pogojem, pri katerih pride do največje stopnje biorazgradljivosti.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 31-Aug-2017
• Publication Date: 08-Jan-2018
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: IPMA - Polimer materials and products
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 19-Dec-2017
• Due Date: 23-Feb-2018
• Completion Date: 09-Jan-2018
• Ref Project: EN ISO 18830:2017 - Plastics - Determination of aerobic biodegradation of non-floating plastic materials in a seawater/sandy sediment interface - Method by measuring the oxygen demand in closed respirometer (ISO 18830:2016)

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 18830:2018
01-februar-2018
3ROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL8JRWDYOMDQMHDHUREQHELRGHJUDGDFLMHQHSODYDMRþLKSODVWLþQLK
PDWHULDORYYYPHVQHPSUHGHOXPHGPRUVNRYRGRLQSHãþHQLPVHGLPHQWRP
0HWRGD]PHUMHQMHPNHPLMVNHSRWUHEHSRNLVLNXY]DSUWHPUHVSLURPHWUX,62

Plastics - Determination of aerobic biodegradation of non-floating plastic materials in a
seawater/sandy sediment interface - Method by measuring the oxygen demand in closed
respirometer (ISO 18830:2016)
Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der aeroben biologischen Abbaubarkeit von nicht-
schwimmenden Kunststoffmaterialien in einer Meerwasser/Sediment-Schnittstelle -
Prüfverfahren mittels Messung des Sauerstoffbedarfes in einem geschlossenen
Respirometer (ISO 18830:2016)
Plastiques - Détermination de la biodégradation aérobie des matières plastiques
immergées à l'interface eau de mer/sédiments sableux - Méthode par mesurage de la
demande en oxygène dans un respiromètre fermé (ISO 18830:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 18830:2017
ICS:
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
SIST EN ISO 18830:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 18830:2018

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 18830:2018


EN ISO 18830
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

December 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 83.080.01
English Version

Plastics - Determination of aerobic biodegradation of non-
floating plastic materials in a seawater/sandy sediment
interface - Method by measuring the oxygen demand in
closed respirometer (ISO 18830:2016)
Plastiques - Détermination de la biodégradation Kunststoffe - Bestimmung des aeroben Bioabbaus von
aérobie des matières plastiques immergées à nicht-schwimmenden Kunststoffmaterialien in einer
l'interface eau de mer/sédiments sableux - Méthode Meerwasser/Sediment-Schnittstelle - Prüfverfahren
par mesurage de la demande en oxygène dans un mittels Messung des Sauerstoffbedarfes in einem
respiromètre fermé (ISO 18830:2016) geschlossenen Respirometer (ISO 18830:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 October 2017.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 18830:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 18830:2018
EN ISO 18830:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3

2

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 18830:2018
EN ISO 18830:2017 (E)
European foreword
The text of ISO 18830:2016 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 18830:2017 by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 18830:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 18830:2017 without any modification.

3

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 18830:2018

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 18830:2018
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 18830
First edition
2016-08-15
Plastics — Determination of aerobic
biodegradation of non-floating
plastic materials in a seawater/
sandy sediment interface — Method
by measuring the oxygen demand in
closed respirometer
Plastiques — Détermination de la biodégradation aérobie des
matières plastiques immergées à l’interface eau de mer/sédiments
sableux — Méthode par mesurage de la demande en oxygène dans un
respiromètre fermé
Reference number
ISO 18830:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 18830:2018
ISO 18830:2016(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
[e-mail]
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 18830:2018
ISO 18830:2016(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Test environment . 2
6 Reagents . 2
7 Apparatus . 3
8 Procedure. 4
8.1 Test material . 4
8.2 Reference material . 4
8.3 Preparation of the sediment . 4
8.4 Test setup . 4
8.5 Pre-conditioning phase . 5
8.6 Start of the test . 5
8.7 End of the test . 5
9 Calculation and expression of results . 6
9.1 Calculation . 6
9.2 Visual inspection . 6
9.3 Expression and interpretation of results . 6
10 Validity of results . 7
11 Test report . 7
Annex A (informative) Example of respirometric system based on pressure measurement .8
Bibliography . 9
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 18830:2018
ISO 18830:2016(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 5, Physical-
chemical properties.
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 18830:2018
ISO 18830:2016(E)

Introduction
Products made with biodegradable plastics are designed to be recovered by means of organic recycling
in composting plants or in anaerobic digesters. The uncontrolled dispersion of biodegradable plastics
in natural environments is not desirable. The biodegradability of products cannot be considered as an
excuse to spread wastes that should be recovered and recycled. However, test methods to measure rate
and level of biodegradation in natural environments (such as soil or the marine environment) are of
interest in order to better characterize the behaviour of plastics in these very particular environments.
As a matter of fact, some plastics are used in products that are applied in the sea (e.g. fishing gear)
and sometimes they can get lost or put willingly in marine environment. The characterization of
biodegradable plastic materials can be enlarged by applying specific test methods that enable the
quantitative assessment of biodegradation of plastics exposed to marine sediment and seawater.
Plastic products are directly littered or arrive with fresh waters in the pelagic zone (free water). From
there, and depending on density, tides, currents, and marine foiling may sink to the sublittoral, and
reach the seafloor surface. Many biodegradable plastics have a density higher than 1 and therefore tend
to sink. The sediment passes from aerobic to anoxic and finally anaerobic conditions going from the
surface (the interface with seawater) into deeper layers, displaying a very steep oxygen gradient.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved v

---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 18830:2018

---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 18830:2018
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18830:2016(E)
Plastics — Determination of aerobic biodegradation
of non-floating plastic materials in a seawater/sandy
sediment interface — Method by measuring the oxygen
demand in closed respirometer
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a test method to determine the degree and rate of aerobic
biodegradation of plastic materials when settled on marine sandy sediment at the interface between
seawater and the seafloor, by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer.
Measurement of aerobic biodegradation can also be obtained by monitoring the carbon dioxide
evolution. This is not in the scope of this International Standard but of ISO 19679.
This test method is a simulation under laboratory conditions of the habitat found in different
seawater/sediment-areas in the sea, e.g. in a benthic zone where sunlight reaches the ocean floor
(photic zone) that, in marine science, is called sublittoral zone
The determination of biodegradation of plastic materials buried in marine sediment is outside the
scope of this International Standard.
The conditions described in this International Standard may not always correspond to the optimum
conditions for the maximum degree of biodegradation to occur.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14851:1999, Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in an aqueous
medium — Method by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer
ISO 8245, Water quality — Guidelines for the determination of total organic carbon (TOC) and dissolved
organic carbon (DOC)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
biochemical oxygen demand
BOD
mass concentration of the dissolved oxygen consumed under specified conditions by the aerobic
biological oxidation of a chemical compound or organic matter in water
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed as milligrams of oxygen uptake per milligram or gram of test compound.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 18830:2018
ISO 18830:2016(E)

3.2
theoretical oxygen demand
ThOD
theoretical maximum amount of oxygen required to oxidize a chemical compound completely, calculated
from the molecular formula
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed as milligrams of oxygen uptake per milligram or gram of test compound.
3.3
total organic carbon
TOC
all the carbon present in organic matter which is dissolved or suspended in water
3.4
pre-conditioning phase
pre-incubation of an inoculum under the conditions of the subsequent test in the absence of test material,
with the aim to consume potential organic
...