SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
(Main)Earth-moving machinery - Access systems (ISO 2867:2011)
Earth-moving machinery - Access systems (ISO 2867:2011)
This International Standard specifies criteria for systems that provide access to the operator station and to routine maintenance points on earth-moving machinery as defined in ISO 6165. It is applicable to the access systems (e.g. enclosure openings, platforms, guardrails, handrails and handholds, stairways and steps, ladders) on such machines parked in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Its criteria are based on the 5th to 95th percentile operator dimensions as defined in ISO 3411. It deals with the following significant hazards, hazardous situations and events: slip, trip and fall of persons, unhealthy postures and excessive effort. The general principles set out in this International Standard can be used for the selection of fixed and/or portable access systems for repairs, assembly, disassembly and longer interval maintenance.
Erdbaumaschinen - Zugänge (ISO 2867:2011)
Diese Internationale Norm legt Kriterien für Zugangssysteme zum Fahrerplatz und zu routinemäßigen
Wartungspunkten an Erdbaumaschinen fest, die in ISO 6165 definiert sind. Sie gilt für Zugangssysteme (z. B.
Öffnungen zu geschlossenen Räumen, Standflächen, Geländer, Handläufe und Haltegriffe, Treppen und
Stufen, Aufstiege) an solchen Maschinen, die sich nach den Anweisungen des Herstellers im Stillstand
befinden. Ihre Kriterien basieren auf dem 5. bis 95. Perzentil der Maschinenführermaße, wie in ISO 3411
definiert.
Die allgemeinen Grundsätze dieser Internationalen Norm können zur Auswahl von ortsfesten und/oder
ortsbeweglichen Zugangssystemen für Reparatur-Montage- und Demontagezwecke und für die über die
Wartung hinausgehende Instandhaltung angewendet werden. Sie behandelt die folgenden signifikanten
Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und -ereignisse: Rutschen, Stolpern und Stürzen von Personen sowie
ungesunde Haltungen oder Anstrengung.
Engins de terrassement - Moyens d'accès (ISO 2867:2011)
L'ISO 2867:2011 spécifie les critères relatifs aux moyens d'accès au poste de l'opérateur et aux points de maintenance régulière sur les engins de terrassement tels que définis dans l'ISO 6165. Elle s'applique aux moyens d'accès (par exemple ouvertures de la cabine, plates-formes, mains courantes, poignées et passerelles, escaliers et échelles à marches, et échelles) des engins stationnés conformément aux instructions du fabricant. Ses critères sont fondés sur les dimensions des opérateurs représentant 5 % à 95 % de la population telles que définies dans l'ISO 3411. Elle traite des phénomènes dangereux, des situations dangereuses et des événements dangereux significatifs suivants: glissade, perte d'équilibre/trébuchement, chute de personnes, postures dangereuses et efforts excessifs.
Les principes généraux de l'ISO 2867:2011 peuvent être utilisés pour le choix des moyens d'accès fixes et/ou escamotables pour la réparation, le montage, le démontage et la maintenance à intervalles plus importants.
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Dostopi (ISO 2867:2011)
Ta mednarodni standard določa merila za sisteme, ki zagotavljajo dostop do postaje upravljavca in do točk za rutinsko vzdrževanje na strojih za zemeljska dela, kot je določeno v ISO 6165. Uporablja se za dostope (npr. odprtine zaprtih prostorov, ploščadi, varovalne ograje, ograje in držaje, stopnišča in stopnice, lestve) na takih strojih, parkiranih v skladu z navodili proizvajalca. Merila temeljijo od 5. do 95. percentila dimenzij upravljavca, kot je opredeljeno v ISO 3411. Obravnava naslednje bistvene nevarnosti, nevarne situacije in nevarne dogodke: zdrs, spodrsljaj in padec oseb, nezdrave drže in pretiran napor. Splošna načela, določena v tem mednarodnem standardu, se lahko uporabljajo za izbiro fiksnih in/ali prenosnih dostopov za popravila, montažo, demontažo in vzdrževanje daljšega intervala.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
01-november-2011
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 2867:2008
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Dostopi (ISO 2867:2011)
Earth-moving machinery - Access systems (ISO 2867:2011)
Erdbaumaschinen - Zugänge (ISO 2867:2011)
Engins de terrassement - Moyens d'accès (ISO 2867:2011)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 2867:2011
ICS:
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
SIST EN ISO 2867:2011 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 2867
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2011
ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN ISO 2867:2008
English Version
Earth-moving machinery - Access systems (ISO 2867:2011)
Engins de terrassement - Moyens d'accès (ISO 2867:2011) Erdbaumaschinen - Zugänge (ISO 2867:2011)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 July 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 2867:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
EN ISO 2867:2011 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC .4
2
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
EN ISO 2867:2011 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 2867:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127 "Earth-moving
machinery" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction equipment and building
material machines - Safety” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by July 2014.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 2867:2008.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive.
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 2867:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 2867:2011 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
EN ISO 2867:2011 (E)
Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the
New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery.
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been
implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of
this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the
rd
relevant Essential Requirements 1.1.7 (3 par.), 1.6.2, 3.2.1 and 3.4.5 of that Directive and associated EFTA
regulations.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the products falling
within the scope of this standard.
4
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 2867
Seventh edition
2011-07-15
Earth-moving machinery — Access
systems
Engins de terrassement — Moyens d'accès
Reference number
ISO 2867:2011(E)
©
ISO 2011
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
ISO 2867:2011(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2011
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
ISO 2867:2011(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Requirements for access systems .5
5 Requirements for enclosure openings.8
6 Requirements for guardrails, foot barriers, platforms, passageways, walkways and other
surfaces used for walking, crawling, climbing, stepping or standing.10
7 Requirements and recommendations for handrails and handholds .13
8 Requirements for stairways and steps .15
9 Requirements for ladders.17
Annex A (informative) Examples of surfaces considered to be slip-resistant .20
Annex B (normative) Additional requirements for powered retractable access system that
transports a person.21
Bibliography.22
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
ISO 2867:2011(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 2867 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 2,
Safety, ergonomics and general requirements.
This seventh edition cancels and replaces the sixth edition (ISO 2867:2006), which has been technically
revised.
iv © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
ISO 2867:2011(E)
Introduction
The structure of safety standards in the field of machinery is as follows.
a) Type-A standards (basic standards) give basic concepts, principles for design and general aspects that
can be applied to machinery.
b) Type-B standards (generic safety standards) deal with one safety aspect or one type of safeguard that
can be used across a wide range of machinery:
⎯ type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature, noise);
⎯ type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-hand controls, interlocking devices, pressure-sensitive
devices, guards).
c) Type-C standards (machinery safety standards) dealing with detailed safety requirements for a particular
machine or group of machines.
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or B standards,
the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for
machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard.
NOTE ISO 14122 is a series of type-B standards that provides general requirements for access to stationary and
mobile machines and that can be used as a general reference for the design of access systems for earth-moving
machines.
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2867:2011(E)
Earth-moving machinery — Access systems
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies criteria for systems that provide access to the operator station and to
routine maintenance points on earth-moving machinery as defined in ISO 6165. It is applicable to the access
systems (e.g. enclosure openings, platforms, guardrails, handrails and handholds, stairways and steps,
ladders) on such machines parked in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Its criteria are based on
the 5th to 95th percentile operator dimensions as defined in ISO 3411. It deals with the following significant
hazards, hazardous situations and events: slip, trip and fall of persons, unhealthy postures and excessive
effort.
The general principles set out in this International Standard can be used for the selection of fixed and/or
portable access systems for repairs, assembly, disassembly and longer interval maintenance.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3411, Earth-moving machinery — Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space
envelope
ISO 6165, Earth-moving machinery — Basic types — Identification and terms and definitions
ISO 12508, Earth-moving machinery — Operator station and maintenance areas — Bluntness of edges
ISO 14122-1:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of
fixed means of access between two levels
ISO 14122-4, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 4: Fixed ladders
ISO 14567, Personal protective equipment for protection against falls from a height — Single-point anchor
devices
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 General terms and definitions
3.1.1
target dimension
dimensional value that takes into account ergonomics criteria based on comfort
NOTE Acceptable values are within the specified range (from minimum to maximum).
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
ISO 2867:2011(E)
3.1.2
machine repairs
work on a machine that is done as a result of a machine failure
3.1.3
routine maintenance points
locations on a machine that are specified in the periodic maintenance schedule of the operator's manual for
performing scheduled daily/weekly/monthly maintenance on the machine
3.1.4
two-point support
feature of an access system that enables a person to use, simultaneously, both feet, or one hand and one foot,
while ascending, descending or moving about on the machine
3.1.5
three-point support
feature of an access system that enables a person to use, simultaneously, both hands and one foot, or both
feet and one hand, while ascending, descending or moving about on the machine
3.1.6
operator station
area from which an operator controls the travel and work functions of the machine
3.1.7
ground
surface on which a machine is positioned, taking into account full penetration of pad feet or track grousers
See Figure 1.
1
Key
1 ground reference plane (GRP)
Figure 1 — Ground location for machines with pad feet or track grousers
3.2 Access systems
3.2.1
access system
system provided on a machine for ascending from the ground or descending to the ground or for moving from
one area on the machine to another area
3.2.1.1
primary access system
access system used for ascending from the ground to the operator station or descending to the ground from
the operator station
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
ISO 2867:2011(E)
3.2.1.2
retractable access system
access system that has a portion that retracts (e.g. rotates, translates, telescopes, articulates), with or without
a power source, from a stored position before being used
3.2.1.3
powered retractable access system
access system that is retracted by a power source on the machine
3.2.2
alternative exit path
route from the operator station to the ground used during situations in which the primary access system
cannot be used
3.2.3
secondary access system
access system used for ascending from the ground to the operator station or descending from the operator
station to the ground during situations in which the primary access system cannot be used
3.3 Enclosure openings
3.3.1
enclosure opening
opening leading to or from an access system, intended for a person to pass through
3.3.1.1
primary opening
enclosure opening used for normal ingress to and egress from the operator station
3.3.1.2
alternative opening
enclosure opening intended for use during situations when the primary opening is not usable
3.3.1.3
maintenance opening
enclosure opening for use during routine maintenance
3.4 Walking and standing areas
3.4.1
walkway
part of an access system that permits walking or moving from one area on the machine to another area
3.4.1.1
boom walkway
walkway used mainly on long booms
3.4.1.2
passageway
walkway with confining barriers on both sides
3.4.2
platform
horizontal surface intended for the support of persons engaged in operation or routine maintenance
3.4.2.1
rest platform
platform used between parts of an access system on which a person may rest
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
ISO 2867:2011(E)
3.4.3
ramp
plane inclined at an angle of 20° or less from the horizontal
3.5 Guardrails, handrails and handholds
3.5.1
guardrail
device installed along the open sides of walkways or platforms providing protection from falling
3.5.2
handrail
device for hand placement that aids body support and balance and permits hand movement on the device
while moving on an access system
3.5.3
handhold
device for single hand placement that aids body support and balance
3.6 Stairways and steps
3.6.1
stairway
access system, or part of an access system, inclined from the horizontal at an angle greater than 20° but not
more than 50°, consisting of three or more steps
3.6.2
step
device for placement of one or both feet, either as part of a ladder or stairway, or installed (placed) as an
individual step or a series of steps
3.6.3
flexible step
step mounted with a material which moves when it contacts an obstacle and returns to the original location
3.6.4
riser height
height between two consecutive steps, measured from the tread surface of one step to the tread surface of
the next step
3.6.5
tread depth
distance from the leading edge to the back of the step
3.6.6
stride distance
horizontal distance from the leading edge of one step to the leading edge of the next step
3.6.7
track frame step
step that is an integral part or added component of the track frame
3.7 Ladders
3.7.1
inclined ladder
ladder with an angle of inclination from the horizontal greater than 75° but not more than 80°
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
ISO 2867:2011(E)
3.7.2
vertical ladder
ladder with angle of inclination from the horizontal greater than 80° but not more than 90°
3.7.3
step ladder
ladder with angle of inclination from the horizontal greater than 50° but not more than 75°
3.7.4
flight
uninterrupted sequence of steps
3.8 Slip and fall
3.8.1
personal fall arrest system
PFAS
system designed to stop the fall of a person before collision with the ground or other obstruction
3.8.2
personal fall restraint system
PFRS
system that restrains or hinders a person from reaching a fall point
3.8.3
slip-resistant surface
access system surface having qualities that improve the grip of footwear or other contact combination (e.g. as
when crawling)
3.8.4
foot barrier
device intended to hinder a person's foot from slipping off the edge of a platform, step or walkway
3.8.5
ladder fall limiting device
device that minimizes the risk of falling from a ladder system
4 Requirements for access systems
4.1 General
4.1.1 The selection of the type of access system between two levels shall be in accordance with
ISO 14122-1:2001, Clauses 4 and 5, and the following.
4.1.2 In the design of an access system:
⎯ use inclined ladders whenever possible, instead of vertical or step ladders with an angle of 60° to 75°;
⎯ the surface of wheels and tyres are not acceptable as part of the access system;
⎯ track surfaces are acceptable as part of the access system if three-point support is provided, but
whenever practical, use a type of access system other than the track surface as a walkway;
⎯ the potential for damage to the access system, and masking of visibility around the machine, machine
equipment or attachments shall be evaluated.
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
ISO 2867:2011(E)
4.1.3 Correct use of the access system for hand and foot placement shall be self-evident without special
training. Instructions for retractable access systems shall be included in the operator's manual. Instructions
shall be provided regarding the need for inspection for wear or damage, including to slip-resistant surfaces, of
the access system. The instructions shall state when the manufacturer recommends other access system aids.
Retractable access systems shall include instructions for use in the machine operations manual and on an
information label near the access system, as appropriate.
4.1.4 Protrusions into the access system that could create a hazard for tripping or for catching or holding
body appendages shall be minimized.
4.1.5 The access system shall be designed to minimize the potential for the user to come into contact with
hazards such as surfaces having extreme temperatures (heat or cold), or areas with electrical hazards,
moving parts or sharp corners.
4.1.6 All surfaces of the access system designed for walking, climbing, stepping or crawling shall be
slip-resistant (including any device or structural component designed as part of an access system). This is not
relevant for the track surfaces referred to in 4.1.2. See Annex A for examples of slip-resistant surfaces.
4.1.7 Proper placement of components of the access system shall permit and encourage a person to
maintain three-point support while using an access system that is more than 1 m above the ground. Two-point
support above 1 m is acceptable for stairways, ramps, walkways and platforms.
4.1.8 If the operator or a maintenance person needs to carry items to the operator station or to a routine
maintenance point, a system such as one of the following shall be provided (together with corresponding
instructions in the operator's manual if this is not obvious):
⎯ a stairway or ramp to provide access where two-point support is adequate and one hand can be available
for carrying items;
⎯ additional platforms or surfaces, with minimum dimensions of 300 mm by 400 mm every 1,7 m of height
on a continuous climbing access system, where items can be temporarily placed so that three-point
support can be maintained when moving on the access system;
⎯ a procedure or system (e.g. rope pulley system) for transferring items to the operator station or routine
maintenance point so that three-point support can be used on the access system at all times.
NOTE Routine maintenance points serviced from the ground meet these requirements.
4.1.9 Illumination shall be provided for the primary access system to the operator station if the platform of
the operator station is at a height of more than 3 m. Activation of lights shall be possible from the ground and
the operator station.
4.1.10 Access systems shall be fitted for the use and daily maintenance of attachments or options (e.g.
mirrors) provided by the machine manufacturer.
4.1.11 For routine maintenance intervals that exceed one month, other access system aids, such as
personal fall arrest systems (PFASs), personal fall restraint systems (PFRSs), or an external access system
(e.g. portable working platform, stairway) can be used. The operator's manual shall provide guidance for the
use of other access system aids. Anchorage points, if provided, shall be in accordance with ISO 14567.
4.1.12 Access for machine repairs shall be covered in the manufacturer's available instructions (e.g. machine
repair manual, dealer repair manual, service manual). Access systems for machine repairs can be provided
on the machine or manufacturer's instructions can provide recommendations for use of external access
systems (e.g. portable working platform, or stairway).
4.1.13 Parts of access systems that are likely to be damaged by contact with objects or the ground shall be
designed for easy replacement.
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
ISO 2867:2011(E)
4.1.14 Handling, assembly, disassembly, storage and transport of removable parts of the access system
shall be described in the operator's manual (e.g. for transportation).
4.1.15 For machines that have operating positions on jacks or stabilizers, or that have track width adjustment,
the access system shall be designed to ensure adequate access on the work site in these operating positions.
4.2 Retractable access systems
4.2.1 General
4.2.1.1 In addition to the following requirements, specific to retractable access systems, such systems
shall meet all other relevant requirements given in this International Standard.
4.2.1.2 A portion of an access system may be retractable for convenient storage on the machine. It shall
stay in the intended position when in use and in the stored position, e.g. by gravity, spring force or attachment
mechanism.
4.2.1.3 Retractable access systems shall be designed to reduce the risk of entrapment.
4.2.1.4 If the operator station is higher than 2 m above the ground, the operation of the manual or
powered retractable access system shall be possible from the ground or a secondary access system shall be
provided that meets the requirements of this International Standard.
4.2.2 Manually retractable access systems
A means shall be provided to alert the operator whenever a manually retractable access system is not in the
retracted (stored) position if there is risk of damage in the position of use.
4.2.3 Powered retractable access systems
4.2.3.1 Movement shall stop when the control is released.
4.2.3.2 The powered retractable access system shall be visible from the control location or shall have
additional devices [e.g. mirrors, closed-circuit television (CCTV)] for adequate visibility.
4.2.3.3 An interlock shall be provided for the powered retractable access system to prevent machine
movement that could cause damage to the access system through contact with the machine itself (e.g. the
swing of an excavator) when not in the retracted (stored) position. For other machine movement, an operator
warning is sufficient. For a powered retractable access system that transports a person, the additional
requirements given in Annex B apply.
4.2.3.4 In the case of a power failure, it shall be possible to lower the retractable access system or a
secondary access system shall be provided.
4.3 Alternative exit path and opening
4.3.1 An alternative opening from the operator station shall be provided on a surface other than that of the
primary opening. Its dimensions shall be in accordance with Table 1. An alternative exit path shall be provided
at a different location on the machine than that of the primary access system.
4.3.2 The alternative opening shall be clearly marked. If the alternative exit path is not obvious, it shall be
identified.
4.3.3 Vertical ladders are acceptable for the alternative exit path and the distance from the lower step to the
ground shall be a maximum of 700 mm.
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SIST EN ISO 2867:2011
ISO 2867:2011(E)
4.3.4 The alternative exit path is intended for situations where the primary access system is not available
due to hazards or obstructions. Therefore, it does not need to meet the general requirements given in 4.1,
except when used as part of the secondary access system, in which case it shall meet those requirements.
4.4 Requirements for specific tracked machines with a rotating upper structure
For pipelayers capable of 360° continuous rotation of their upper structure, and for excavators equipped for
piling and drilling, an additional access system is required in the case where access to, and egress from, the
operator's cab is required on a regular basis when the upper structure is rotated to a position other than the
normal parked position as defined by the manufacturer. This additional access system shall meet all
requirements of this International Standard.
5 Requirements for enclosure openings
5.1 Enclosure openings shall be in accordance with Table 1, except for the machines specified in 5.3,
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