Solar collectors - General requirements

This document is applicable to all types of fluid heating solar collectors. This European Standard specifies performance requirements for fluid heating solar collectors with respect to durability, reliability, safety and thermal performance. This European Standard includes provisions for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance to these requirements.
This document deals with the collector module and not with assemblies. This document is not applicable to those devices in which a thermal storage unit is an integral part to such an extent that the collection process cannot be separated from the storage process for making the collector thermal performance measurements.

Kollektoren - Allgemeine Anforderungen

Dieses Dokument ist für alle Arten von fluiderhitzenden Sonnenkollektoren anwendbar. Dieses Dokument legt die Anforderungen an die Leistungsfähigkeit von fluiderhitzenden Sonnenkollektoren hinsichtlich Dauerhaftigkeit, Zuverlässigkeit, Sicherheit und thermischer Leistungsfähigkeit fest.
Dieses Dokument behandelt den Sonnenkollektor und nicht die Baugruppen. Dieses Dokument ist nicht auf solche Geräte anwendbar, bei denen der Wärmespeicher in einem solchen Maß integriert ist, dass bei der Messung der thermischen Leistungsfähigkeit am Kollektor der Wärmeerzeugungsprozess nicht vom Prozess der Wärmespeicherung getrennt werden kann.

Capteurs solaires - Exigences générales

Le présent document s'applique à tous les types de capteurs solaires à circulation de fluide. Le présent document spécifie les exigences de performance pour les capteurs solaires à circulation de fluide en ce qui concerne la durabilité, la fiabilité, la sécurité et la performance thermique.
Le présent document traite du capteur solaire et non de l’assemblage. Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux appareils dans lesquels un dispositif de stockage thermique fait partie intégrante dans la mesure où les opérations de captage et de stockage de l'énergie ne peuvent pas être séparées en vue d'effectuer des mesures de performance thermique du capteur.

Sprejemniki sončne energije - Splošne zahteve

Ta dokument se uporablja za vse vrste sprejemnikov sončne energije za ogrevanje tekočine. Ta evropski standard določa zahteve glede učinkovitosti za sprejemnike sončne energije za ogrevanje tekočine, ki se navezujejo na trajnost, zanesljivost, varnost in toplotno učinkovitost. Ta evropski standard vključuje določila za ocenjevanje in preverjanje nespremenljivosti lastnosti v skladu s temi zahtevami.
Dokument obravnava modul sprejemnika in ne njegovih sklopov. Ta dokument se ne uporablja za naprave, pri katerih je enota za shranjevanje toplote sestavni del do te mere, da postopka sprejemanja ni mogoče ločiti od postopka shranjevanja za pripravo meritev toplotne učinkovitosti sprejemnika.

General Information

Status
Published
Public Enquiry End Date
19-Nov-2018
Publication Date
08-Jun-2022
Technical Committee
Current Stage
6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
Start Date
11-May-2022
Due Date
16-Jul-2022
Completion Date
09-Jun-2022

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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 12975:2022
01-julij-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2011
Sprejemniki sončne energije - Splošne zahteve
Solar collectors - General requirements
Kollektoren - Allgemeine Anforderungen
Capteurs solaires - Exigences générales
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12975:2022
ICS:
27.160 Sončna energija Solar energy engineering
SIST EN 12975:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 12975:2022

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SIST EN 12975:2022


EN 12975
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

March 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 27.160 Supersedes EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010
English Version

Solar collectors - General requirements
Capteurs solaires - Exigences générales Sonnenkollektoren - Allgemeine Anforderungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 31 January 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12975:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN 12975:2022
EN 12975:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 6
5 Requirements . 6
5.1 General. 6
5.2 Tests . 7
5.3 Documentation . 7
5.4 Performance indicators . 7
5.5 Recommended tests . 7
5.5.1 Pressure drop . 7
5.5.2 Fire safety . 7
6 Documentation and labelling . 8
6.1 Drawings and data sheets . 8
6.2 Labelling . 8
6.3 Installation instruction . 8
Annex A (normative) Conversion of test results according to earlier standards . 10
A.1 Conversion of test results . 10
A.2 Reference table for EN ISO 9806:2013 and EN 12975-2:2006 . 10
A.3 Performance parameters of collectors tested under EN ISO 9806:2013 . 11
A.4 Performance parameters for collectors tested under EN 12975-2:2006 . 12
Annex B (normative) Solar collector performance rating . 13
B.1 Gross Yield calculation . 13
B.1.1 Introduction . 13
B.1.2 Gross Thermal Yield GTY(ϑ ,Loc) . 13
op
B.1.3 Gross Electric Yield GEY(ϑ ,Loc) . 13
op
B.1.4 Gross Solar Yield GSY(ϑ ,Loc) . 14
op
B.2 European climatic reference conditions . 14
Annex C (normative) Solar collector families and design tolerances . 19
C.1 Collector families . 19
C.1.1 General. 19
C.1.2 General family concept . 19
C.1.3 Size families . 19
C.1.4 Collector glass thickness families . 20
2

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SIST EN 12975:2022
EN 12975:2022 (E)
C.2 Design tolerances . 20
C.2.1 General . 20
C.2.2 Coloured frames . 20
C.2.3 Riser distances . 20
C.2.4 Header tube diameters . 20
Annex D (normative) Solar collector retesting guideline . 21
Annex E (normative) Reaction to fire testing . 22
E.1 General . 22
E.2 Standard EN 13823 (Single burning item test) . 22
E.3 Standard EN ISO 11925-2 (Single flame source test) . 22
E.4 Field of direct application. 22
Annex F (normative) External fire exposure to roofs testing . 23
F.1 General . 23
F.2 Field of direct application. 23
Bibliography . 24

3

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SIST EN 12975:2022
EN 12975:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 12975:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 312 “Thermal
solar systems and components”, the secretariat of which is held by NQIS/ELOT.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2022, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010.
In comparison with the previous edition, the following technical modifications have been made:
— the references to the underlying testing standard EN ISO 9806 were updated;
— the gross yield concept is introduced;
— the concept for families of similar collectors is introduced.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
4

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SIST EN 12975:2022
EN 12975:2022 (E)
1 Scope
This document is applicable to all types of fluid heating solar collectors. This document specifies
performance requirements for fluid heating solar collectors with respect to durability, reliability, safety
and thermal performance.
This document deals with the solar collector and not with assemblies. This document is not applicable
to those devices in which a thermal storage unit is an integral part to such an extent that the collection
process cannot be separated from the storage process for making the collector thermal performance
measurements.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 9488, Solar energy - Vocabulary (ISO 9488)
EN ISO 9806:2017, Solar energy - Solar thermal collectors - Test methods (ISO 9806:2017)
EN 13501-1:2018, Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 1:
Classification using data from reaction to fire tests
EN 13501-5, Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 5: Classification
using data from external fire exposure to roofs tests
EN 13823, Reaction to fire tests for building products - Building products excluding floorings exposed to
the thermal attack by a single burning item
EN ISO 11925-2, Reaction to fire tests - Ignitability of products subjected to direct impingement of flame -
Part 2: Single-flame source test (ISO 11925-2)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 9488, EN ISO 9806 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
Gross Thermal Yield
GTY(ϑ ,Loc)
op
thermal energy yield of a collector for the operating temperature ϑ and the ambient conditions Loc
op
3.2
Gross Electric Yield
GEY(ϑ ,Loc)
op
electric energy yield of a collector for the operating temperature ϑ and the ambient conditions Loc
op
5

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SIST EN 12975:2022
EN 12975:2022 (E)
3.3
Gross Solar Yield
GSY(ϑ ,Loc)
op
total energy yield of a collector for the operating temperature ϑ and the ambient conditions Loc
op
4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and abbreviations apply.
ΔT Time span for gross yield calculations. The default value for ΔT is one year.
In some applications also monthly values are used, so that ΔT = Jan, Feb, … ;
Δt Sampling interval for the calculation, the default value is one hour Δt = 1h;
ϑ Fixed operating temperature equal to the mean temperature of the fluid;
op
Loc Geographical location;
Loc (t ) Set of tabulated ambient conditions {G (t ), G (t ) ϑ (t ), E (t ), u(t ),…} at Loc adapted
β,γ i b i d i a i L i i
for the solar collector installed under azimuth γ and tilt angle β. The default
orientation is due south (γ = 0) with a slope defined by the geographical latitude - 15°,
rounded to the nearest 5°. For tracked collectors, the azimuth and tilt angle are
variable depending on the type of tracking;
Coll Set of solar collector performance parameters {A , η a a a a a a a
G 0,b, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8,
K(θ,θ ), K } reported according to Annex A of EN ISO 9806:2017;
L T d
P Peak electric power of co-generating collectors under standard testing conditions
max
(STC);
δ Temperature coefficient δ for the electric power of co-generating collectors. If δ is not
known, a default value of 0,5 % / K shall be used.
5 Requirements
5.1 General
Solar collectors shall be tested according to 5.2.
Compliance with this standard is assumed if:
— the solar collectors fulfil the requirements of 5.2 and none of the findings is rated as “major failure”
according to Clause 17 of EN ISO 9806:2017;
— the solar collectors are accompanied with the documentation defined in 5.3;
— the performance is reported according to 5.4.
Annex C shall be considered for solar collector families and Annex D for modifications of solar
collectors.
6

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SIST EN 12975:2022
EN 12975:2022 (E)
5.2 Tests
Collectors shall be tested according to Table 1 of EN ISO 9806:2017 except for the pressure drop
measurement which is not required. The results shall be reported as required in the corresponding
clauses and as defined in Annex A of EN ISO 9806:2017. Results determined under the previous
standards EN ISO 9806:2013 and EN 12975-2:2006 can be converted according to Annex A. If Annex A
does not provide a conversion key, partial retesting is required.
5.3 Documentation
The solar collector shall be accompanied by technical documentation and shall be marked with a
product label, both providing at least the information listed in Clause 6. For families of collectors the
documentation shall cover all members of the family.
5.4 Performance indicators
The gross solar yield GSY(ϑ ,Loc) shall be reported at least for the locations Athens, Würzburg,
op
Strasbourg and Davos for operating temperatures of 25 °C, 50 °C and 75 °C following Annex B. For co-
generating collectors the gross thermal yield GTY(ϑ ,Loc) and the gross electric yield GEY(ϑ ,Loc)
op op
shall be reported accordingly.
5.5 Recommended tests
5.5.1 Pressure drop
The measurement of the pressure drop (Clause 27 of EN ISO 9806:2017) is recommended.
5.5.2 Fire safety
5.5.2.1 General
Harmful surface temperatures on a solar collector are linked to malfunctions that are rated as major
failure according to Clause 17 of EN ISO 9806:2017. The surface temperatures of parts associated with
the transmission of heat are excluded. No findings with a rating as “2 - major failure” according to
Clause 17 of EN ISO 9806:2017 thus confirms that no harmful temperatures on the surface of the
collector are expected.
5.5.2.2 Reaction to fire
If required, solar collectors which are not classified without testing, shall be tested according to
EN 13501-1 applying the standards therein as applicable and following Annex E for the selection,
preparation, mounting and fixing of the test samples and for the definition of the field of application.
5.5.2.3 External fire performance
If required, solar collectors embedded in the roof shall be tested and classified in accordance with
EN 13501-5 applying the standards therein as applicable and following Annex F for the selection,
preparation, mounting, fixing of the samples and for the definition of the field of application.
7

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SIST EN 12975:2022
EN 12975:2022 (E)
6 Documentation and labelling
6.1 Drawings and data sheets
The solar collector submitted for testing shall be accompanied by:
— a bill of materials;
— a set of fully dimensioned technical drawings which have an identification code, a date of issue, a
possible revision date and the date of release;
— all material specifications as defined in A.2 of EN ISO 9806:2017.
6.2 Labelling
Solar collectors shall carry a visible and durable label with at least the following information:
— name of manufacturer;
— model;
— serial number;
— year of production (can be included in the serial number);
— peak power (as defined in 24.3 of EN ISO 9806:2017);
— maximum operation pressure;
— weight of the empty solar collector;
— volume of heat transfer fluid.
6.3 Installation instruction
Solar collectors shall be accompanied by an installation instruction and/or by a technical datasheet
containing at least the following information:
— dimensions of the solar collector;
— weight of the solar collector;
— instructions about the transport and handling of the solar collector;
— standard stagnation temperature of the solar collector;
— description of the mounting procedure;
— recommendations about lightning protection;
— instructions about the coupling of the solar collectors to one another (if applicable) and the
connection of the solar collector field to the heat transfer circuit, including dimensions of pipe
connections for solar collector arrays, including also a reminder to follow the national
requirements for the thermal insulation of the piping;
8

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SIST EN 12975:2022
EN 12975:2022 (E)
— instructions about the heat transfer media which shall be used and precautions which shall be
taken during filling, operation and service;
— pressure drop;
— maximum and minimum tilt angle;
— maximum operating pressure;
— maximum operating temperature;
— permissible positive and negative mechanical load;
— maintenance requirements, including specific cleaning procedures if required;
— indications about the requirements concerning free airflow on the backside of the collector;
— indication on the impact resistance;
— climate class for testing.
If the collector can be integrated in the roof or in the building shell, the following recommendations
shall be included in the instruction manual, to be considered when the collector is integrated in the roof
or in the building shell.
— Permanent stagnation over longer periods shall be avoided. The stagnation time between
installation and commissioning of the system shall be less than one month.
— Ventilation behind the collector casing shall be sufficient and in accordance with national
regulations and building codes.
— No additional isolation shall be added to the rear side of the collector.
— Piping near the collector shall be installed and isolated such that they are not in contact with wood
or other inflammable materials.
— Preventive measures shall be taken to avoid that a leaking connection may lead to ingress of heat
transfer fluid into the collector.
9

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SIST EN 12975:2022
EN 12975:2022 (E)
Annex A
(normative)

Conversion of test results according to earlier standards
A.1 Conversion of test results
The test results of solar collectors tested according to the standards EN ISO 9806:2013 and
EN 12975-2:2006 are converted to the formats used in EN ISO 9806 as defined in this annex.
A.2 Reference table for EN ISO 9806:2013 and EN 12975-2:2006
If the solar collector is tested in accordance with one of the preceding versions of the test standard
EN ISO 9806 the references in Table A.1 apply:
Table A.1 — Reference table for EN ISO 9806:2013 and EN 12975-2:2006
 EN ISO 9806 EN ISO 9806:2013 EN 12975-2:2006
Internal pressure tests for fluid channels Clause 6 Clause 6 5.2
Air leakage rate test Clause 7 Clause 7 –
(air heating collectors only)
Rupture or collapse test Clause 8 Clause 8 –
(air heating collectors only)
a a
Standard stagnation temperature Clause 9
Clause 10 Annex C
b c
Exposure and half-exposure test Clause 10
Clause 11 5.4
b c
External thermal shock Clause 11
Clause 12 5.5
b c
Internal thermal shock test Clause 12
Clause 13 5.6
Rain penetration test Clause 13 Clause 14 5.7
d d
Freeze resistance test Clause 14
Clause 15 5.8
Mechanical load test with positive or negative pressure Clause 15 Clause 16 5.9
Impact resistance test Clause 16 Clause 17 5.10
e e
Thermal performance Clause 19-26
Clause 20-27 Clause 6
Incidence angle modifier
Effective thermal capacity
Pressure drop Clause 27 Clause 28 6.2.8
Final inspection Clause 17 Clause 18 5.11
a
Round Result to the next higher multiple of 10 °C.
b
Tests according to Class A, B, C are also considered as Class A, B, C in EN ISO 9806.
c
Tests are considered as Class B in EN ISO 9806.
d
Tests of heat pipe collectors according to EN ISO 9806:2013 and EN 12975-2:2006 cannot be transferred without retesting.
e
A.3 and Annex G of EN ISO 9806:2017 shall be used to convert the thermal performance parameters into the format
required in Table A.6 of EN ISO 9806:2017.
10

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SIST EN 12975:2022
EN 12975:2022 (E)
A.3 Performance parameters of collectors tested under EN ISO 9806:2013
The performance parameters of collectors tested according to EN ISO 9806:2013 shall be converted as
defined in Table A.2.
Table A.2 — Reference table for EN ISO 9806:2013
EN ISO 9806:2013
EN ISO 9806
Steady-state glazed Steady-state unglazed Quasi dynamic
η η
η 1− 3b η 0.85+−0 15Kc3
( ) ( )
0,hem 0,hem 0,hem u 0,bd 6

η η 1− 3b
( )
0,hem 0,hem u
η η
0,b 0,b

0.85+ 0 15K 0.85+ 0 15K
d d

Calculation according to Formula (3) of Annex B
K K
d d

of the EN ISO 9806:2013
a a bb+ 3 cc+ 3
1 1 12 13

a a c
0
2 2 2

a b c
0
3 2 3

ε
a η 1− 3b c
0
( )
4 0,hem u 4

α

C C
a c
5 5

A A
G G

η b
a c
0
0,hem u
6 6


ε
a η b
0 0
7 0,hem u

α

a
0 0 0
8

11

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SIST EN 12975:2022
EN 12975:2022 (E)
A.4 Performance parameters for collectors tested under EN 12975-2:2006
The performance parameters of collectors determined according to EN 12975-2:2006, shall be
converted to relate to gross area according to Annex G of EN ISO 9806:2017 and then be further
converted following Table A.3.
Table A.3 — Reference table for EN 12975-2:2006
EN 12975-2:2006
EN ISO 9806
Steady-state glazed Steady-state unglazed Quasi dynamic
η η η 1− 3b F 'τα 0.85+−0 15K 3c
( ) ( )
( )
0,hem 0,hem d 6
0,hem u
en


η η 1− 3b
( )
0,hem 0,hem u
η F 'τα
( )
0,b
en


0.85+ 0 15K 0.85+ 0 15K
d d

Calculation according to Formula (3) of
K K
d θ d

Annex B of the EN ISO 9806:2013
a a bb+ 3 cc+ 3
1 1 12 13

a a c
0
2 2 2

a b c
0
3 2 3

ε
a η 1− 3b c
0
( )
4 0,hem u 4

α

C C
a c
5 5

A A
G G

a 0 η b c
6 0 u 6

ε
a
0 η b 0
7 0 u

α

a
0 0 0
8

12

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SIST EN 12975:2022
EN 12975:2022 (E)
Annex B
(normative)

Solar collector performance rating
B.1 Gross Yield calculation
B.1.1 Introduction
The collector performance parameters as defined in the EN ISO 9806 are suitable for the use in
engineering simulation software. For the direct comparison of collector performances or for
performance rating requirements as needed for subsidy schemes and for other purposes of public
interest, the use of the so-called gross yield figures is recommended and more adequate.
The gross yield of a collector is defined as the energy yield provided by a collector operating at a
constant temperature over a certain period under well-defined climatic conditions. The gross yield is
therefore a measure for the possible energy supply of a collector without considering any specific
system configurations. The gross yield figure shall be computed using the procedures defined in B.1.2 to
B.1.3. Parameters that are not tabulated such as the incidence angle modifier K(θ,θ ), shall be taken at
L T
the time stamp in the middle of the considered sampling interval, i.e. if Δt = 1h, the incidence angle
modifier shall be computed for the time stamps hh:30.
The ambient conditions must be available as tables with the required resolution for all the parameters
needed to calculate the power output of the collector as defined in Annex A of EN ISO 9806:2017.
B.1.2 Gross Thermal Yield GTY(ϑ ,Loc)
op
The gross thermal yield GTY(ϑ ,Loc) of a solar collector with performance parameters Coll installed at
op
Loc operating at the collector temperature ϑ calculated for a time period ΔT is defined as
op
βγ,

GTY Coll;,ϑ∆Loc , t = Q Coll;,ϑ Loc t ∆t (B.1)
( )
( ) ( )

∆T op βγ,,+ op βγ i
∆T

where Q is the thermal power at the time stamp t , calculated using Formula (A.2) of
+ i
EN ISO 9806:2017 with a = 0. The index “+” indicates that negative power outputs shall be neglected
5
for the calculation. The simplified presentation GTY(ϑ ,Loc) indicating only the operating temperature
op
and the location can be used if the calculation is made for default boundary conditions.
B.1.3 Gross Electric Yield GEY(ϑ ,Loc)
op
For co-generating collectors the gross electric yield GEY(ϑ ,Loc) is defined accordingly as
op

GEY Coll;,ϑ∆Loc , t = Q Coll;,ϑ Loc t ∆t (B.2)
( )
( ) ( )

∆T op βγ,,el op βγ
∆T
where

Q Coll;,ϑ Loc t P Coll; Loc t⋅ K θθ,⋅ 1−δ⋅ϑ− 25°C (B.3)
( ( )) ( ( )) ( ) ( )
( )
el op βγ, max βγ, L T op
is the electric output of the collector corrected to the operating temperature.
13
=

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SIST EN 12975:2022
EN 12975:2022 (E)
The simplified presentation GEY(ϑ ,Loc) indicating only the operating temperature and the location
op
can be used if the calculation is made for default boundary conditions.
NOTE For non-co-generating solar collectors GEY(ϑ ,Loc) = 0.
op
B.1.4 Gross Solar Yield GSY(ϑ ,Loc)
op
The gross solar yield GSY(ϑ ,Loc) is defined as the sum of GTY(ϑ ,Loc) and GEY(ϑ ,Loc) to indicate in
op op op
a generalized way the overall performance of a collector under specific operating conditions for a
specific location.
GSY ϑ , Loc GTY ϑϑ,,Loc+ GEY Loc (B.4)
( ) ( ) ( )
m mm
This basic concept allows the definition of derived figures for simplified comparison of collector
performances, for simplified calculation methods in legal applications and for similar purposes. For this
purpose, weighted sums of gross solar yields for different operating temperatures and/or different
locations are defined that are representative
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 12975:2018
01-november-2018
6SUHMHPQLNLVRQþQHHQHUJLMH6SORãQH]DKWHYH
Solar collectors - General requirements
Kollektoren - Allgemeine Anforderungen
Capteurs solaires - Exigences générales
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 12975
ICS:
27.160 6RQþQDHQHUJLMD Solar energy engineering
oSIST prEN 12975:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 12975:2018

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oSIST prEN 12975:2018


DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 12975
NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

August 2018
ICS 27.160 Will supersede EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010
English Version

Solar collectors - General requirements
Capteurs solaires - Exigences générales Kollektoren - Allgemeine Anforderungen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 312.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.


EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 12975:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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Contents Page
European foreword . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 7
5 Requirements . 7
5.1 General . 7
5.2 Safety . 7
5.3 Required tests . 7
5.4 Additional tests for the purpose of the Z-annexes . 7
5.4.1 Fire safety . 7
5.4.2 Release of dangerous substances . 7
5.4.3 Surface temperature . 7
5.4.4 Electrical safety . 8
5.4.5 Sound level . 8
5.5 Classification of collectors with respect to their hydraulic system . 8
5.6 Classification of collectors with respect to their intended place of installation . 9
6 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance - AVCP . 10
6.1 General . 10
6.2 Type testing . 11
6.2.1 General . 11
6.2.2 Test samples, testing and compliance criteria . 11
6.2.3 Test reports . 12
6.2.4 Shared other party results . 12
6.2.5 Cascading determination of the product type results . 13
6.3 Factory production control (FPC) . 14
6.3.1 General . 14
6.3.2 Requirements . 14
6.3.3 Product specific requirements . 16
6.3.4 Procedure for modifications . 17
6.3.5 One-off products, pre-production products and products produced in very low
quantity . 17
7 Marking, labelling and packaging . 18
7.1 Drawings and data sheet . 18
7.2 Marking, labelling and packaging . 18
7.3 Installer instruction manual . 19
Annex A (informative) Keys for using test results of test standards EN ISO 9806:2013 and
EN 12975-2:2006 . 21
A.1 Conversion of test results for the purpose of the Declarations of performance
(DoP's) as required in the Z-annexes . 21
A.1.1 General . 21
A.1.2 Mechanical resistance to climate loads . 21
A.1.3 Weather tightness . 21
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A.1.4 Collector reference area A . 21
Sol
A.1.5 Collector efficiency η . 21
Col
A.1.6 Collector zero loss efficiency η . 21
0
A.1.7 Collector first order coefficient a . 22
1
A.1.8 Collector second order coefficient a . 22
2
A.1.9 Collector incidence angle modifier IAM . 22
A.1.10 Thermal Output . 22
A.1.11 Thermal storage capacity . 22
A.1.12 Maximum allowable pressure PS . 23
A.1.13 Maximum allowable temperature TS . 23
A.1.14 Nominal size DN . 23
A.1.15 Volume V . 23
A.1.16 Fluids . 23
A.2 Reference table for EN ISO 9806:2013 and EN 12975-2:2006 . 23
A.3 Thermal parameters for collectors tested under EN ISO 9806:2013 . 24
A.3.1 General . 24
A.3.2 Collector efficiency η . 24
Col
A.3.3 Collector zero loss efficiency η . 24
0
A.3.4 Collector first order coefficient a . 25
1
A.3.5 Collector second order coefficient a . 25
2
A.3.6 Collector incidence angle modifier IAM . 25
A.4 Thermal parameters for collectors tested under EN 12975-2:2006 . 25
A.4.1 General . 25
A.4.2 Collector efficiency η . 25
Col
A.4.3 Collector zero loss efficiency η . 26
0
A.4.4 Collector first order coefficient a . 26
1
A.4.5 Collector second order coefficient a . 26
2
A.4.6 Collector incidence angle modifier IAM . 27
Annex B (informative) Collector families . 28
B.1 Collector families . 28
B.1.1 General . 28
B.1.2 General family concept . 28
B.1.3 Size families . 28
B.1.4 Collector glass thickness families . 28
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B.1.5 Collector families with different hydraulic schemes . 29
B.2 Design tolerances . 29
B.2.1 General . 29
B.2.2 Coloured frames . 29
B.2.3 Riser distances . 29
B.2.4 Riser diameters . 29
B.3 Collector retesting guideline . 29
Annex C (normative) Reaction to fire testing: Selection, preparation, mounting and fixing of
test specimen for rating collectors in accordance with EN 13501-1 . 31
C.1 General . 31
C.2 EN 13823 (Single burning item test) . 31
C.3 EN ISO 11925-2 (Single flame source test). 31
C.4 Field of direct application . 32
Annex D (normative) External fire exposure to roofs test: Selection, preparation, mounting
and fixing of test specimen for testing collectors in accordance with EN 13501-5 . 33
D.1 General . 33
D.2 Field of direct application . 33
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship of this European Standard with the Construction
Product Regulation CPR, (EU) No.305/2011 . 34
ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics . 34
ZA.2 System of Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance (AVCP) . 35
ZA.3 Assignment of AVCP tasks . 35
Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the energy
labelling requirements of Commission Delegated Regulation (EC) No 811/2013
aimed to be covered . 37
Annex ZC (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the energy
labelling requirements of Commission Delegated Regulation (EC) No 812/2013
aimed to be covered . 38
Annex ZD (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Ecodesign
requirements of Commission Regulation (EC) No 814/2013 aimed to be covered . 39
Annex ZE (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
safety requirements (ESR) of Directive 2014/68/EU of the European parliament and
of the council (Pressure equipment Directive PED) aimed to be covered . 40
Annex ZF (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
health and safety requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC of the European
Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery (Machinery Directive
MD) aimed to be covered . 41
Annex ZG (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive (LVD) 2014/35/EU (Low Voltage Directive LVD) aimed to
be covered . 42
Bibliography . 43
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European foreword
This document (prEN 12975:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 312 “Thermal
solar systems and components”, the secretariat of which is held by ELOT.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010.
This document has been prepared under mandates given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports the essential requirements related with solar collectors
of the Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the council of 9 March 2011
(Construction Products Regulation, CPR), of the Commission Delegated Regulations (EU) No 811/2013
and (EU) No 812/2013 of 18 February 2013 supplementing Directive 2010/30/EU of the European
Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 (Energy Labelling Directive), of the Commission
Regulations (EU) No 814/2013 of 2 August 2013 implementing Directive 2009/125/EC of 21 October
2009 (Ecodesign Directive), and under the general mandate of the Directive 2014/68/EU of the
European Parliament and of the council of 15 May 2014 (Pressure Equipment Directive, PED), and
under the general mandate for the Low Voltage Directive (LVD) 2014/35/EU, and under the general
mandates for the Machinery Directive, Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the
Council of 17 May 2006.
For relationship with these EU Directives and Regulations, see informative Annexes ZA to ZG, which are
integral parts of this document.
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1 Scope
This document is applicable to all types of fluid heating solar collectors. This European Standard
specifies performance requirements for fluid heating solar collectors with respect to durability,
reliability, safety and thermal performance. This European Standard includes provisions for the
assessment and verification of constancy of performance to these requirements.
This document deals with the collector module and not with assemblies. This document is not
applicable to those devices in which a thermal storage unit is an integral part to such an extent that the
collection process cannot be separated from the storage process for making the collector thermal
performance measurements.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements — Part 1: Classification
using test data from reaction to fire tests
EN 13501-5, Fire classification of construction products and building elements — Part 5: Classification
using data from external fire exposure to roofs tests
EN 13823, Reaction to fire tests for building products — Building products excluding floorings exposed to
the thermal attack by a single burning item
EN ISO 3743-2, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure —
Engineering methods for small, movable sources in reverberant fields — Part 2: Methods for special
reverberation test rooms (ISO 3743-2)
EN ISO 3747, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources
using sound pressure — Engineering/survey methods for use in situ in a reverberant environment (ISO
3747)
EN ISO 9488, Solar energy — Vocabulary (ISO 9488)
EN ISO 9806:2017, Solar energy — Solar thermal collectors — Test methods (ISO 9806:2017)
EN ISO 11925-2, Reaction to fire tests — Ignitability of products subjected to direct impingement of flame
— Part 2: Single-flame source test (ISO 11925-2)
ISO 3741, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using
sound pressure — Precision methods for reverberation test rooms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 9488 and
EN ISO 9806:2017 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
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4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this European Standard, the symbols, abbreviations and units given in EN ISO 9488
and EN ISO 9806:2017 apply.
5 Requirements
5.1 General
Collectors shall be tested according to 5.3. For the declarations of performance of a solar collector as
required in the Z-Annexes, additional tests (5.4) or conversions of test results into other formats may be
required (A.1).
5.2 Safety
Materials to be used in the collector and in the installation incorporating collectors shall be chosen
taking into account the expected maximum local temperatures with respect to e.g. melting, burning,
self-ignition, or any other kind of degradation.
5.3 Required tests
Collectors shall be tested according to Table 1 of EN ISO 9806:2017 considering the provision of
Clause 5 of EN ISO 9806:2017. The measurement of the pressure drop (Clause 27 of EN ISO 9806:2017)
is recommended but not mandatory. The results shall be reported as required in the corresponding
clauses and in Annex A of EN ISO 9806:2017.
None of the findings of the performed tests shall be rated as “major failure” according to Clause 17 of
EN ISO 9806:2017.
5.4 Additional tests for the purpose of the Z-annexes
5.4.1 Fire safety
Reaction to fire: If required, collectors that are not classified without testing shall be tested according to
EN 13501-1 applying the standards therein as applicable and following Annex C for the selection,
preparation, mounting, fixing as well as Annex ZA for the field of application of the collector.
External fire performance: If required, collectors embedded in the roof shall be tested and classified in
accordance with EN 13501-5 applying the standards therein, as applicable and Annex D for the
selection, preparation mounting and fixing and field of application of the collector.
5.4.2 Release of dangerous substances
National regulations on dangerous substances may require verification and declaration on release, and
sometimes content, when construction products covered by this European Standard are placed on those
markets. In the absence of European harmonized test methods, verification and declaration on
release/content should be done taking into account national provisions in the place of use.
NOTE An informative database covering European and national provisions on dangerous substances is
available at https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cp-ds_en
5.4.3 Surface temperature
Harmful surface temperatures on a solar thermal collector are linked to a malfunction of the collector
that are rated as major failure according to Clause 17 of EN ISO 9806:2017. The surface temperatures of
parts that are associated with the transmission of heat are excluded. No findings with a rating as
“2 - major failure” according to Clause 17 of EN ISO 9806:2017 thus confirms that no harmful
temperatures on the surface of the collector are expected.
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5.4.4 Electrical safety
If required, collectors co-generating or using electricity shall comply with the specific requirements of
the applicable standards and regulations for such products (See also Annex ZG).
5.4.5 Sound level
If applicable, the sound level shall be tested and the results shall be reported according to either
ISO 3741, EN ISO 3743-2 or EN ISO 3747

5.5 Classification of collectors with respect to their hydraulic system
Collectors shall be classified with respect to their intended use and their intended fluids (Group 1 or
1
Group 2 fluids) into one or several collector classes defined in Table 1 — Collector classes with respect
to the hydraulic system.
Table 1 — Collector classes with respect to the hydraulic system
Collector class Definition
Class 0 Low pressure collectors (PS < 0,5 bar over atmosphere) and all collectors
that are not classified in another class listed in this table including air
collectors.
Class A1(F1) Collectors made of one pipe which are not intended for generation of steam
or super-heated water in the primary circuit using Group 1 fluids and
DN ≤ 25 mm
Class Ax1(F1) Collectors made of one pipe which are not intended for generation of steam
or super-heated water in the primary circuit using Group 1 fluids and
DN > 25 mm
Class A1(F2) Collectors made of one pipe which are not intended for generation of steam
or super-heated water in the primary circuit using Group 2 fluids and
DN ≤ 32 mm
Class Ax1(F2) Collectors made of one pipe which are not intended for generation of steam
or super-heated water in the primary circuit using Group 2 fluids and
DN > 32 mm
Class A2(F1) Collectors made of several pipes which are not intended for generation of
steam or super-heated water in the primary circuit using Group 1 fluids and
PS·V ≤ 25 bar·litres
Class Ax2(F1) Collectors made of several pipes which are not intended for generation of
steam or super-heated water in the primary circuit using Group 1 fluids and
PS·V > 25 bar·litres
Class A2(F2) Collectors made of several pipes which are not intended for generation of
steam or super-heated water in the primary circuit using Group 2 fluids and
PS·V ≤ 50 bar·litres
Class Ax2(F2) Collectors made of several pipes (e.g. harp) which are not intended for
generation of steam or super-h
...

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