SIST EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2022
(Main)Drilling and foundation equipment - Safety - Part 1: Common requirements
Drilling and foundation equipment - Safety - Part 1: Common requirements
This European Standard specifies the common safety requirements for drilling and foundation equipment.
Part 1 of this European Standard deals with the significant hazards common to drilling and foundation equipment (see Annex A), when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer associated with the whole life time of the machine (transport, assembly, dismantling, equipment in service and out of service, maintenance, moving on site, storage, disabling and scrapping).
NOTE 1 The requirements specified in this part of the standard are common to two or more families of drilling and foundation equipment.
This document gives safety requirements for all types of drilling and foundation equipment and is intended to be used in conjunction with one of parts 2 to 7. These machine specific parts do not repeat the requirements from part 1 but supplement or modify the requirements for the type of drilling and foundation equipment in question.
For multipurpose machinery, the parts of the standard that cover the specific functions and applications are used, e.g. a drilling machine also used as a piling machine will use the relevant requirements of EN 16228-1, EN 16228-2, and EN 16228-4.
The following machines are excluded from the scope of this standard:
- tunnelling machines, unshielded tunnel boring machines and rodless shaft boring machines for rock according to EN 16191;
- raise boring machines;
- drill rigs used in oil and gas industry;
- specialized mining machinery and equipment for opencast mining (e.g. rock drill rigs, blast hole drills) (under the scope of CEN/TC 196);
- all underground mining machinery and equipment for the extraction of solid mineral substances (e.g. rock drill rigs, raise boring machines, shaft boring machines, mining auger boring machines, jumbos) as well as machinery and equipment for underground mine development (under the scope of CEN/TC 196);
- core drilling machines on stand (covered by EN 12348);
- hand-held machines (in particular machines covered by ISO 11148-5).
NOTE 2 Specific requirements for offshore applications are not covered by this European Standard.
Where a drilling or foundation equipment of fixed configuration that is not intended to be separated is assembled using a carrier based on earth-moving equipment, agricultural equipment, or a crane, then the completed assembly is !covered by this" standard.
Drilling and foundation equipment within the scope of EN 16228 parts 1 to 6 may include interchangeable auxiliary equipment within the scope of EN 16228-7, either as an integral part of its construction or as interchangeably fitted equipment.
!If drilling and foundation equipment is intended to be used in a potentially explosive atmosphere, or in case of lightning risk, additional requirements will need to be met which are not covered by this document.
This document is not applicable to drilling and foundation equipment manufactured before the date of its publication."
Geräte für Bohr- und Gründungsarbeiten - Sicherheit - Teil 1: Gemeinsame Anforderungen
Diese Europäische Norm legt die gemeinsamen sicherheitstechnischen Anforderungen an Geräte für Bohr- und Gründungsarbeiten fest.
Teil 1 dieser Europäischen Norm behandelt die signifikanten Gefährdungen im Zusammenhang mit Geräten für Bohr- und Gründungsarbeiten, wenn sie wie vorgesehen und unter den vom Hersteller vernünftiger¬weise vorhersehbaren Bedingungen der Fehlanwendung verwendet werden (siehe Anhang A), die mit der gesamten Lebensdauer der Maschine in Verbindung stehen (Transport, Montage, Demontage, Gerät in Betrieb und außer Betrieb, Instandhaltung, Bewegung am Einsatzort, Lagerung, außer Betrieb setzen und Verschrotten).
ANMERKUNG 1 Die in diesem Teil der Norm festgelegten Anforderungen gelten gemeinsam für zwei oder mehrere Gattungen von Geräten für Bohr- und Gründungsarbeiten.
Dieses Dokument enthält sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an alle Arten von Geräten für Bohr- und Gründungsarbeiten und ist in Zusammenhang mit einem der Teile 2 bis 7 zu verwenden. Diese maschinen¬spezifischen Teile wiederholen nicht die Anforderungen aus Teil 1, sondern ersetzen oder fügen Anforde¬rungen für die Art des betreffenden Geräts für Bohr- und Gründungsarbeiten hinzu.
Für Mehrzweckgeräte werden die Teile der Norm angewendet, welche besondere Funktionen und Anwendungen umfassen, wenn z. B. ein Bohrgerät zusätzlich als Rammgerät verwendet wird, werden die entsprechenden Anforderungen aus EN 16228 1, EN 16228 2 und EN 16228 4, angewandt.
Folgende Maschinen fallen nicht in den Anwendungsbereich dieser Norm:
Folgende Maschinen sind aus dem Anwendungsbereich dieser Norm ausgeschlossen:
— Tunnelbaumaschinen, Tunnelbohrmaschinen ohne Schild und gestängelose Schachtbohrmaschinen für Gestein entsprechend !EN 16191";
— Aufbruchbohrmaschinen;
— Bohrgeräte, die in der Öl- und Gasindustrie verwendet werden !;
— spezialisierte Bergbaumaschinen und Ausrüstung für den Tagebau (z. B. Gesteinsbohrgeräte, Spreng¬lochbohrer) (im Anwendungsbereich von CEN/TC 196);
— sämtliche Bergbaumaschinen für den Einsatz untertage und Ausrüstung zur Gewinnung fester mineralischer Substanzen (z. B. Gesteinsbohrgeräte, Aufbruchbohrmaschinen, Schachtbohrmaschinen, Schneckenbohrmaschinen, Bohrwagen) sowie Maschinen und Ausrüstung zur Entwicklung unter¬irdischer Minen (im Anwendungsbereich von CEN/TC 196);
— Kernbohrmaschinen auf Ständer (durch/von EN 12348 abgedeckt);
— handgeführte Maschinen (insbesondere Maschinen, die durch/von ISO 11148 5 abgedeckt sind)."
ANMERKUNG 2 Besondere Anforderungen an Offshore-Anwendungen werden in dieser Europäischen Norm nicht behandelt.
Wenn ein Gerät für Bohr- oder Gründungsarbeiten in befestigter Konfiguration, deren Trennung nicht vorgesehen ist, auf einen Träger montiert wird, der auf Erdbaumaschinen, landwirtschaftlichen Geräten oder Kränen steht, so muss der gesamte Aufbau !durch diese Norm abgedeckt werden".
Geräte für Bohr- und Gründungsarbeiten innerhalb des Anwendungsbereiches von EN 16228, Teile 1 bis 6, können auswechselbare Zusatzausrüstung enthalten, die vom Anwendungsbereich der EN 16228 7, abgedeckt ist, entweder als integrierter Teil des Geräts oder als auswechselbare befestigte Ausrüstung.
!Wenn vorgesehen ist, die Maschine für Bohr- und Gründungsarbeiten in explosionsfähiger Umgebung zu verwenden oder falls ein Risiko für Blitzentladungen vorliegt, müssen zusätzliche Anforderungen erfüllt werden, die in diesem Dokument nicht behandelt werden.
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für Geräte für Bohr- und Gründungsarbeiten, die vor dem Veröffentlichungs¬datum dieses Dokuments hergestellt wurden."
Machines de forage et de fondation - Sécurité - Partie 1 : Prescriptions communes
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions de sécurité communes pour les machines de forage et de fondation.
La partie 1 de la présente Norme européenne traite des phénomènes dangereux significatifs communs aux machines de forage et de fondation (voir l'Annexe A), lorsqu'elles sont utilisées normalement et dans les conditions de mauvaises utilisation raisonnablement prévisibles par le fabricant, associés à toute la durée de vie des machines (transport, montage, démontage, matériel en service et hors service, maintenance, déplacement sur le chantier, stockage, mise hors service et mise au rebut).
NOTE 1 Les prescriptions spécifiées dans la présente partie de la norme sont communes à plusieurs familles de machines de forage et de fondation.
Le présent document donne les prescriptions de sécurité applicables à tous les types de machine de forage et de fondation et est destiné à être utilisé conjointement aux parties 2 à 7. Ces parties qui sont spécifiques à différentes machines ne répètent pas les prescriptions de la partie 1, mais complètent ou modifient certaines prescriptions pour le type de machine de forage et de fondation concerné.
Pour les machines multifonctions, les parties de la présente norme couvrant les fonctions et applications spécifiques sont utilisées, par exemple une machine de forage également utilisée comme machine pour foncer les pieux utilisera les prescriptions pertinentes de l’EN 16228-1, l’EN 16228-2, et de l’EN 16228-4.
Les machines suivantes sont exclues du domaine d'application de la présente norme :
- les tunneliers, les tunneliers sans bouclier et les machines foreuses pour puits sans tige de traction conformément au EN 16191 ;
- les machines de forage remontant de type (raise boring) ;
- les machines de forage utilisées dans l'industrie pétrolière et gazière ;
- les machines d’extraction spécialisées et les machines pour l’extraction à ciel ouvert (par exemple, machines de forage dans la roche, foreuses de trous de mine) (dans le domaine d’application de la CEN/TC 196) ;
- toutes les machines d’extraction souterraine et les machines pour l’extraction de substances minérales solides (par exemple, machines de forage dans la roche, machines de forage ascendant, machines foreuses pour puits sans tige de traction, machines de forage à tarière, jumbos) ainsi que les machines et équipements pour l’exploitation minière souterraine (dans le domaine d’application de la CEN/TC 196) ;
- les foreuses à béton (carotteuses) sur colonne (couvertes par l’EN 12348) ;
- les machines portatives (notamment les machines couvertes par l’ISO 11148-5).
NOTE 2 La présente Norme européenne ne couvre pas les prescriptions spécifiques aux applications offshores.
Lorsqu'une machine de forage ou de fondation de configuration fixe qui n'est pas destinée à être séparée est montée au moyen d'un porteur basé sur un engin de terrassement, une machine agricole, ou une grue, le montage complet est couvert par la présente norme.
Les machines de forage et de fondation entrant dans le domaine d'application des EN 16228 parties 1 à 6 peuvent inclure des équipements interchangeables entrant dans le domaine d'application de l’EN 16228-7, soit en tant que partie intégrante de leur construction, soit comme des équipements interchangeables fournis.
Si les machines de forage et de fondation sont destinées à être utilisées dans une atmosphère explosible, ou dans le cas d’un risque de foudre, des prescriptions supplémentaires non couvertes par le présent document auront besoin d’être respectées.
Le présent document ne s’applique pas aux machines de forage et de fondation fabriquées avant la date de sa publication.
Oprema za vrtanje in temeljenje - Varnost - 1. del: Splošne zahteve (vključno z dopolnilom A1)
Ta evropski standard določa splošne varnostne zahteve za opremo za vrtanje in temeljenje.
V 1. delu tega evropskega standarda so obravnavana večja tveganja, skupna opremi za vrtanje in temeljenje (glej dodatek A), če se uporablja v skladu s predvidenim namenom in pod pogoji nepravilne uporabe, ki jih je razumno predvidel proizvajalec, v zvezi s celotno življenjsko dobo opreme (prevoz, sestavljanje, razstavljanje, oprema med obratovanjem in mirovanjem, vzdrževanje, selitev na gradbišče, skladiščenje, onemogočanje ter razrezovanje).
OPOMBA 1: Zahteve, določene v tem delu standarda, so skupne dvema ali več družinam opreme za vrtanje in temeljenje.
Ta dokument podaja varnostne zahteve za vse vrste opreme za vrtanje in temeljenje in se uporablja skupaj z enim od delov 2 do 7. Ti deli standarda, ki veljajo za stroje, ne ponavljajo zahtev iz 1. dela, ampak dopolnjujejo ali spreminjajo zahteve za vrsto zadevne opreme za vrtanje in temeljenje.
Pri večnamenskih strojih je treba uporabiti dele standarda, ki obravnavajo posamezne funkcije in načine uporabe. Vrtalni stroj, ki se na primer uporablja tudi kot stroj za zabijanje pilotov, mora izpolnjevati ustrezne zahteve iz standardov EN 16228-1, EN 16228-2 in EN 16228-4.
Naslednji stroji ne spadajo na področje uporabe tega standarda:
– stroji za gradnjo predorov, neoklopljeni stroji za vrtanje predorov in jaškov v kamnine v skladu s standardom EN 16191;
– dvižni vrtalni stroji;
– vrtalna oprema, ki se uporablja v naftni in plinski industriji;
– specializirani rudarski stroji in oprema za odprto rudarjenje (npr. vrtalna oprema za kamnine, udarne vrtalne naprave) (v okviru standarda CEN/TC 196);
– vsi podzemni rudarski stroji in oprema za pridobivanje trdnih mineralnih snovi (npr. vrtalna oprema za kamnine, dvižni vrtalni stroji, stroji za vrtanje jaškov, stroji za vrtanje s polžem, vrtalniki »jumbo«) ter stroji in oprema za širjenje podzemnih rudnikov (v okviru standarda CEN/TC 196);
– stabilni vrtalni stroji (zajeti v standardu EN 12348);
– ročni stroji (zlasti stroji, zajeti v standardu ISO 11148-5).
OPOMBA 2: Ta evropski standard ne zajema posebnih varnostnih zahtev za uporabo na morju.
Kadar ima oprema za vrtanje ali temeljenje fiksno konfiguracijo, ki ni namenjena za ločevanje, in je sestavljena z uporabo nosilca, ki temelji na opremi za zemeljska dela, kmetijski opremi ali žerjavu, je dokončan sklop opreme zajet v tem standardu.
Oprema za vrtanje in temeljenje v okviru standarda EN 16228 v delih 1 do 6 lahko vključuje zamenljivo pomožno opremo v okviru standarda EN 16228-7, bodisi kot sestavni del svoje konstrukcije ali kot zamenljivo nameščeno opremo.
Če je oprema za vrtanje in temeljenje predvidena za uporabo v potencialno eksplozivnem ozračju ali v primeru nevarnosti strele, bodo morale biti izpolnjene dodatne zahteve, ki niso zajete v tem dokumentu.
Ta dokument se ne uporablja za opremo za vrtanje in temeljenje, ki je bila izdelana, preden je bil dokument objavljen.
General Information
Relations
Overview - SIST EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2022 (Drilling and foundation equipment - Safety - Part 1)
SIST EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2022 is the European Standard that establishes common safety requirements for drilling and foundation equipment. It covers significant hazards that apply across multiple families of machines during their whole life cycle - transport, assembly, operation, maintenance, moving on site, storage, dismantling and scrapping. Part 1 defines the shared safety baseline to be used together with the machine‑specific parts (EN 16228‑2 to EN 16228‑7).
Key topics and technical requirements
This standard addresses broad technical and safety themes common to drilling and foundation machines, including:
- List of significant hazards and risk assessment guidance for lifecycle phases.
- Strength and stability: structural loads, calculations, stability for carrier-based and floating platforms.
- Electrotechnical systems: general electrical safety, battery installation and EMC considerations.
- Hydraulic and pneumatic systems: design, hoses, piping and pressure protection.
- Power loss and uncontrolled motion: protection against failures and safe stopping.
- Brakes, winches, ropes and lifting gear: safe design and selection of hoisting and rope systems.
- Masts, derricks, leaders and platforms: structural and access safety for working at height.
- Control systems and ergonomics: start/stop behavior, performance levels for safety‑related parts, control layout, and prevention of inadvertent actuation.
- Remotely controlled and unmanned equipment: specific operating position and emergency stop requirements.
- Protection against moving parts, falling objects, hot/cold surfaces and tool handling systems.
- Environmental and operator protection: noise, vibration, exhaust gases, dust control and fire prevention.
- Maintenance, verification and testing: requirements for inspection, testing and information for use.
Practical applications - who uses this standard
SIST EN 16228‑1 is used by:
- Manufacturers and designers of drilling rigs, piling machines and foundation equipment to ensure CE‑compliant design.
- Safety engineers and risk assessors to define common hazards and protective measures.
- Maintenance teams and site managers for safe servicing, lifting, transport and operation procedures.
- Notified bodies and conformity assessors when applying machine‑specific EN 16228 parts.
- Purchasing and fleet managers for specifying safer equipment and verifying compliance.
Related standards and exclusions
- Part 1 must be used with the relevant machine‑specific parts EN 16228‑2 to EN 16228‑7.
- Excluded: tunnelling machines (EN 16191), raise boring, oil & gas drill rigs, specialized mining equipment (CEN/TC 196 scope), core drilling on stands (EN 12348), and hand‑held machines (e.g. ISO 11148‑5).
- Note: offshore-specific, explosive-atmosphere and lightning-risk requirements are outside the scope of this document.
SIST EN 16228‑1 is essential for ensuring consistent, lifecycle‑oriented machine safety and regulatory alignment across European drilling and foundation equipment.
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2022 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Drilling and foundation equipment - Safety - Part 1: Common requirements". This standard covers: This European Standard specifies the common safety requirements for drilling and foundation equipment. Part 1 of this European Standard deals with the significant hazards common to drilling and foundation equipment (see Annex A), when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer associated with the whole life time of the machine (transport, assembly, dismantling, equipment in service and out of service, maintenance, moving on site, storage, disabling and scrapping). NOTE 1 The requirements specified in this part of the standard are common to two or more families of drilling and foundation equipment. This document gives safety requirements for all types of drilling and foundation equipment and is intended to be used in conjunction with one of parts 2 to 7. These machine specific parts do not repeat the requirements from part 1 but supplement or modify the requirements for the type of drilling and foundation equipment in question. For multipurpose machinery, the parts of the standard that cover the specific functions and applications are used, e.g. a drilling machine also used as a piling machine will use the relevant requirements of EN 16228-1, EN 16228-2, and EN 16228-4. The following machines are excluded from the scope of this standard: - tunnelling machines, unshielded tunnel boring machines and rodless shaft boring machines for rock according to EN 16191; - raise boring machines; - drill rigs used in oil and gas industry; - specialized mining machinery and equipment for opencast mining (e.g. rock drill rigs, blast hole drills) (under the scope of CEN/TC 196); - all underground mining machinery and equipment for the extraction of solid mineral substances (e.g. rock drill rigs, raise boring machines, shaft boring machines, mining auger boring machines, jumbos) as well as machinery and equipment for underground mine development (under the scope of CEN/TC 196); - core drilling machines on stand (covered by EN 12348); - hand-held machines (in particular machines covered by ISO 11148-5). NOTE 2 Specific requirements for offshore applications are not covered by this European Standard. Where a drilling or foundation equipment of fixed configuration that is not intended to be separated is assembled using a carrier based on earth-moving equipment, agricultural equipment, or a crane, then the completed assembly is !covered by this" standard. Drilling and foundation equipment within the scope of EN 16228 parts 1 to 6 may include interchangeable auxiliary equipment within the scope of EN 16228-7, either as an integral part of its construction or as interchangeably fitted equipment. !If drilling and foundation equipment is intended to be used in a potentially explosive atmosphere, or in case of lightning risk, additional requirements will need to be met which are not covered by this document. This document is not applicable to drilling and foundation equipment manufactured before the date of its publication."
This European Standard specifies the common safety requirements for drilling and foundation equipment. Part 1 of this European Standard deals with the significant hazards common to drilling and foundation equipment (see Annex A), when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer associated with the whole life time of the machine (transport, assembly, dismantling, equipment in service and out of service, maintenance, moving on site, storage, disabling and scrapping). NOTE 1 The requirements specified in this part of the standard are common to two or more families of drilling and foundation equipment. This document gives safety requirements for all types of drilling and foundation equipment and is intended to be used in conjunction with one of parts 2 to 7. These machine specific parts do not repeat the requirements from part 1 but supplement or modify the requirements for the type of drilling and foundation equipment in question. For multipurpose machinery, the parts of the standard that cover the specific functions and applications are used, e.g. a drilling machine also used as a piling machine will use the relevant requirements of EN 16228-1, EN 16228-2, and EN 16228-4. The following machines are excluded from the scope of this standard: - tunnelling machines, unshielded tunnel boring machines and rodless shaft boring machines for rock according to EN 16191; - raise boring machines; - drill rigs used in oil and gas industry; - specialized mining machinery and equipment for opencast mining (e.g. rock drill rigs, blast hole drills) (under the scope of CEN/TC 196); - all underground mining machinery and equipment for the extraction of solid mineral substances (e.g. rock drill rigs, raise boring machines, shaft boring machines, mining auger boring machines, jumbos) as well as machinery and equipment for underground mine development (under the scope of CEN/TC 196); - core drilling machines on stand (covered by EN 12348); - hand-held machines (in particular machines covered by ISO 11148-5). NOTE 2 Specific requirements for offshore applications are not covered by this European Standard. Where a drilling or foundation equipment of fixed configuration that is not intended to be separated is assembled using a carrier based on earth-moving equipment, agricultural equipment, or a crane, then the completed assembly is !covered by this" standard. Drilling and foundation equipment within the scope of EN 16228 parts 1 to 6 may include interchangeable auxiliary equipment within the scope of EN 16228-7, either as an integral part of its construction or as interchangeably fitted equipment. !If drilling and foundation equipment is intended to be used in a potentially explosive atmosphere, or in case of lightning risk, additional requirements will need to be met which are not covered by this document. This document is not applicable to drilling and foundation equipment manufactured before the date of its publication."
SIST EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2022 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 53.100 - Earth-moving machinery; 93.020 - Earthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2022 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN 16228-1:2014/kprA1:2021, SIST EN 16228-1:2014, oSIST prEN ISO 20770-1:2025. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
SIST EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2022 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2006/42/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/396. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase SIST EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2022 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of SIST standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2022
Oprema za vrtanje in temeljenje - Varnost - 1. del: Splošne zahteve (vključno z
dopolnilom A1)
Drilling and foundation equipment - Safety - Part 1: Common requirements
Geräte für Bohr- und Gründungsarbeiten - Sicherheit - Teil 1: Gemeinsame
Anforderungen
Machines de forage et de fondation - Sécurité - Partie 1 : Prescriptions communes
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021
ICS:
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
93.020 Zemeljska dela. Izkopavanja. Earthworks. Excavations.
Gradnja temeljev. Dela pod Foundation construction.
zemljo Underground works
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 16228-1:2014+A1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 93.020 Supersedes EN 16228-1:2014
English Version
Drilling and foundation equipment - Safety - Part 1:
Common requirements
Machines de forage et de fondation - Sécurité - Partie 1: Geräte für Bohr- und Gründungsarbeiten - Sicherheit -
Prescriptions communes Teil 1: Gemeinsame Anforderungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 March 2014 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 22 November
2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 7
Introduction . 9
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 11
3 Terms and definitions . 14
4 List of significant hazards . 19
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 24
5.1 General . 24
5.2 Requirements for strength and stability . 24
5.2.1 Loads . 24
5.2.2 Structural calculations . 25
5.2.3 Rigid body stability . 26
5.2.4 Floating ship, barge or pontoon . 36
5.3 Electrotechnical systems . 36
5.3.1 General . 36
5.3.2 Battery installation . 37
5.3.3 !Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)" . 37
5.4 Hydraulic and pneumatic systems . 37
5.4.1 Hydraulic systems . 37
5.4.2 Pneumatic systems . 38
5.4.3 Hoses, pipes and fittings under pressure . 38
5.5 Failure of the power supply . 39
5.6 Uncontrolled motion . 39
5.7 Brakes of the carrier machine . 39
5.7.1 Brakes for travelling . 39
5.7.2 Brakes for slewing . 39
5.8 Winches, draw-works and ropes . 39
5.8.1 General . 39
5.8.2 Winches and pulleys . 40
5.8.3 Pulley and drum diameters . 41
5.8.4 Ropes and rope end terminations . 41
5.8.5 Roller and leaf chains . 41
5.9 Masts, derricks and feed beams . 42
5.10 Indicating/limiting devices for inclination. 42
5.10.1 Inclination of leader, mast or boom . 42
5.10.2 Inclination of the carrier . 42
5.10.3 Stroke limiting devices . 42
5.11 Ergonomics !deleted text" . 42
5.11.1 !General . 42
5.11.2 Control stations and servicing points" . 43
5.12 Access to operating positions, intervention and servicing points . 43
5.13 Platforms on masts and leaders. 43
5.13.1 General . 43
5.13.2 Working platform for lifting personnel . 43
5.13.3 Movable platform . 45
5.14 Operating position(s) . 45
5.14.1 General . 45
5.14.2 Visibility . 48
5.15 Control systems . 49
5.15.1 General . 49
5.15.2 Required performance levels for safety related parts of control systems . 49
5.15.3 Starting . 51
5.15.4 Stopping . 51
5.16 Control devices . 52
5.16.1 General . 52
5.16.2 Inadvertent actuation of controls . 52
5.16.3 Controls for extending the crawlers (tracks) of the carrier machine. 53
5.17 Remotely controlled and automated drilling and foundation equipment . 53
5.17.1 General . 53
5.17.2 Operating position . 53
5.17.3 Emergency stop . 53
5.17.4 Control system . 53
5.18 Unmanned, automatically operated drilling and foundation equipment . 54
5.19 Retrieval, transportation, lifting and towing of the drilling and foundation
equipment and its parts . 54
5.19.1 Common use . 54
5.19.2 Retrieval/Towing . 54
5.19.3 Tie-down . 54
5.19.4 Lifting points . 54
5.19.5 Transportation . 54
5.19.6 !Locking of articulation" . 55
5.20 Handling of drilling tools . 55
5.21 Isolation of energy sources . 55
5.22 Hot and cold surfaces and sharp edges . 55
5.23 Protection against moving parts . 55
5.23.1 General . 55
5.23.2 Moving parts involved in the process . 55
5.23.3 Transmission parts . 60
5.23.4 Drilling and foundation equipment using threaded drill string connections . 60
5.23.5 Clamps and rod breaking clamps used in the drilling process . 60
5.23.6 Tools handling system . 61
5.24 Falling or ejected objects . 61
5.25 Lighting . 62
5.25.1 Working light . 62
5.25.2 Illumination when tramming or slewing . 62
5.25.3 Lighting inside the cab . 62
5.26 Fire prevention . 62
5.26.1 General . 62
5.26.2 Fire extinguishers . 62
5.26.3 Installation of fire extinguishers . 62
5.26.4 Fire prevention for fuel and hydraulic circuits . 63
5.27 Noise and vibration . 63
5.27.1 General . 63
5.27.2 Noise . 63
5.27.3 Vibration . 64
5.28 Exhaust gases and dust . 64
5.28.1 Engine exhausts . 64
5.28.2 Dust . 64
5.29 Maintenance . 64
5.30 Warning devices . 65
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures . 65
6.1 General . 65
6.2 Testing . 71
6.2.1 General . 71
6.2.2 Tests . 71
7 Information for use . 73
7.1 Marking . 73
7.1.1 Data plate for drilling and foundation equipment . 73
7.1.2 Data plate for working platforms for lifting personnel and movable platforms . 73
7.2 Indicators . 73
7.2.1 Information indicators . 73
7.2.2 Warning signs for residual hazards. 73
7.2.3 Warning devices . 74
7.3 Instruction books for drilling and foundation equipment . 74
7.3.1 General . 74
7.3.2 Operator's manual . 75
7.3.3 Maintenance instructions . 81
7.3.4 Spare parts list . 82
Annex A (informative) List of drilling and foundation equipment . 83
A.1 General . 83
A.2 Illustrations . 84
Annex B (normative) Noise test code . 142
B.1 General . 142
B.2 Operation of the drilling and foundation equipment during noise tests . 142
B.2.1 General . 142
B.2.2 Multiple power units . 142
B.2.3 Fan speed . 143
B.2.4 Different types of drilling and foundation equipment . 143
B.3 Determination of the sound power level . 144
B.3.1 Basic noise emission standards . 144
B.3.2 Determination according to EN ISO 3744 . 145
B.4 Measurement of emission sound pressure level at the operator’s position . 145
B.4.1 General . 145
B.4.2 Performance of test at a fixed operator's position. 146
B.4.3 Performance of test for operator's and assistant(s) position for remote-controlled
machines . 146
B.4.4 Acceptance criteria of measurements . 146
B.5 Uncertainty of measurements . 146
B.6 Information to be recorded and reported . 146
B.7 Noise declaration . 147
Annex C (normative) Whole-body and hand-arm vibration test . 148
C.1 General . 148
C.2 Measurement . 148
Annex D (informative) Symbols and signs . 149
D.1 Introduction. 149
D.2 General safety and warning signs . 149
D.3 General control symbols . 151
D.4 Symbols for information . 152
D.5 Symbols to be used for the control of the engine, fuel, brake transmission systems
and hydraulic system . 153
D.6 Symbols to be used for the control of the drilling operation . 153
D.6.1 General symbols . 153
D.6.2 Symbols for general machine functions . 154
D.6.3 Rod handling system . 155
D.6.4 Mast erection and positioning . 156
D.6.5 Winch and slip rope drum . 159
D.6.6 Tramming . 160
D.7 Miscellaneous symbols . 160
Annex E (normative) Instruction selecting and fitting of wire rope grips for free fall
application . 162
E.1 General . 162
E.2 Installation . 162
E.3 Number of grips . 162
E.4 Tightening torque . 162
E.5 Detachable connections . 163
Annex F (normative) Ground pressure calculation for crawler mounted drilling and
foundation equipment . 165
F.1 General . 165
F.2 Calculation of ground pressures . 165
Annex G (normative) Test conditions of the stopping performances of the rotation of the
drilling head . 168
G.1 General . 168
G.2 Conditions of measure . 168
G.3 Measures implementation . 168
G.3.1 General . 168
G.3.2 Measurements . 169
G.3.3 Data to be recorded. 169
G.3.4 Evaluation of results . 169
Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive2006/42/EC aimed to be covered" . 170
Bibliography . 175
European foreword
This document (EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151
“Construction equipment and building material machines - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by
DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2022 and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes !EN 16228-1:2014".
This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 22 November 2021.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !".
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU
Directive(s) / Regulation(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral
part of this document.
This European Standard is divided into several parts and covers drilling and foundation equipment.
Part 1 contains requirements that are/may be common to all drilling and foundation equipment. Other
parts contain additional requirements for specific machines that supplement or modify the
requirements of part 1. Compliance with the clauses of part 1 together with those of a relevant specific
part of this standard giving requirements for a particular machine provides one means of conforming
with the essential health and safety requirements of the Directive concerned.
When a relevant specific part does not exist, part 1 can help to establish the requirements for the
machine, but will not by itself provide a means of conforming to the relevant essential health and safety
requirements of the Directive.
This European Standard, EN 16228, Drilling and foundation equipment – Safety, consists of the following
parts:
— Part 1: Common requirements
— !Part 2: Mobile drill rigs for civil and geotechnical engineering in soil or soil and rock mixture"
— Part 3: Horizontal directional drilling equipment (HDD)
— Part 4: Foundation equipment
— Part 5: Diaphragm walling equipment
— Part 6: Jetting, grouting and injection equipment
— Part 7: Interchangeable auxiliary equipment
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Introduction
This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards are covered are indicated in the scope of this
standard.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B
standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other
standards, for drilling and foundation equipment that have been designed and built according to the
provisions of this type C standard.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the common safety requirements for drilling and foundation
equipment.
Part 1 of this European Standard deals with the significant hazards common to drilling and foundation
equipment (see Annex A), when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which
are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer associated with the whole life time of the machine
(transport, assembly, dismantling, equipment in service and out of service, maintenance, moving on
site, storage, disabling and scrapping).
NOTE 1 The requirements specified in this part of the standard are common to two or more families of drilling
and foundation equipment.
This document gives safety requirements for all types of drilling and foundation equipment and is
intended to be used in conjunction with one of parts 2 to 7. These machine specific parts do not repeat
the requirements from part 1 but supplement or modify the requirements for the type of drilling and
foundation equipment in question.
For multipurpose machinery, the parts of the standard that cover the specific functions and applications
are used, e.g. a drilling machine also used as a piling machine will use the relevant requirements of
EN 16228-1, EN 16228-2, and EN 16228-4.
The following machines are excluded from the scope of this standard:
— tunnelling machines, unshielded tunnel boring machines and rodless shaft boring machines for
rock according to !EN 16191";
— raise boring machines;
— drill rigs used in oil and gas industry !;
— specialized mining machinery and equipment for opencast mining (e.g. rock drill rigs, blast hole
drills) (under the scope of CEN/TC 196);
— all underground mining machinery and equipment for the extraction of solid mineral substances
(e.g. rock drill rigs, raise boring machines, shaft boring machines, mining auger boring machines,
jumbos) as well as machinery and equipment for underground mine development (under the scope
of CEN/TC 196);
— core drilling machines on stand (covered by EN 12348);
— hand-held machines (in particular machines covered by ISO 11148-5)."
NOTE 2 Specific requirements for offshore applications are not covered by this European Standard.
Where a drilling or foundation equipment of fixed configuration that is not intended to be separated is
assembled using a carrier based on earth-moving equipment, agricultural equipment, or a crane, then
the completed assembly is !covered by this" standard.
Drilling and foundation equipment within the scope of EN 16228 parts 1 to 6 may include
interchangeable auxiliary equipment within the scope of EN 16228-7, either as an integral part of its
construction or as interchangeably fitted equipment.
!If drilling and foundation equipment is intended to be used in a potentially explosive atmosphere, or
in case of lightning risk, additional requirements will need to be met which are not covered by this
document.
This document is not applicable to drilling and foundation equipment manufactured before the date of
its publication."
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013, Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements
EN 474-5:2006+A3:2013, Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic
excavators
!EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology
and general principles"
!EN 795:2016", Personal fall protection equipment — Anchor devices
!deleted text"
EN 1037:1995+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up
!deleted text"
EN 13411-6:2004+A1:2008, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 6: Asymmetric wedge
socket
EN 13411-7:2006+A1:2008, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 7: Symmetric wedge
socket
!deleted text"
!EN 13531:2001+A1:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Tip-over protection structure (TOPS) for
compact excavators — Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ISO 12117:1997, modified)"
!EN 60204-1:2018, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General
requirements (IEC 60204-1:2016, modified)"
EN ISO 2860:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Minimum access dimensions (ISO 2860:1992)
EN ISO 2867:2011, Earth-moving machinery — Access systems (ISO 2867:2011)
EN ISO 3411:2007, Earth-moving machinery — Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator
space envelope (ISO 3411:2007)
EN ISO 3449:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Falling-object protective structures — Laboratory tests
and performance requirements (ISO 3449:2005)
EN ISO 3450:2011, Earth-moving machinery — Wheeled or high-speed rubber-tracked machines —
Performance requirements and test procedures for brake systems (ISO 3450:2011)
EN ISO 3457:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Guards — Definitions and requirements (ISO 3457:2003)
!EN ISO 3471:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Roll-over protective structures — Laboratory tests
and performance requirements (ISO 3741:2008)"
EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
(ISO 3744:2010)
EN ISO 3747:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure — Engineering/survey methods for use in situ in a reverberant environment
(ISO 3747:2010)
EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
EN ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4414:2010)
EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and
equipment (ISO 4871:1996)
EN ISO 6682:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Zones of comfort and reach for controls (ISO 6682:1986,
including Amd 1:1989)
!deleted text"
EN ISO 7096:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration (ISO
7096:2000)
EN ISO 9614-2:1996, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound
intensity — Part 2: Measurement by scanning (ISO 9614-2:1996)
EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of
emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field
over a reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010)
EN ISO 11203:2009, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of
emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions from the sound power
level (ISO 11203:1995)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13732-1:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment -— Methods for the assessment of human
responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006)
!EN ISO 13766-1:2018, Earth-moving and building construction machinery — Electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC) of machines with internal electrical power supply — Part 1: General EMC
requirements under typical electromagnetic environmental conditions (ISO 13766-1:2018)
EN ISO 13766-2:2018, Earth-moving and building construction machinery — Electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC) of machines with internal electrical power supply — Part 2: Additional EMC
requirements for functional safety (ISO 13766-2:2018)
EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2015)
EN ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop function — Principles for design
(ISO 13850:2015)
EN ISO 13855:2010, Safety of machinery — Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach speeds
of parts of the human body (ISO 13855:2010)"
EN ISO 13856-1:2013, Safety of machinery — Pressure-sensitive protective devices — Part 1: General
principles for design and testing of pressure-sensitive mats and pressure-sensitive floors (ISO 13856-
1:2013)
EN ISO 13856-2:2013, Safety of machinery — Pressure-sensitive protective devices — Part 2: General
principles for design and testing of pressure-sensitive edges and pressure-sensitive bars (ISO 13856-
2:2013)
EN ISO 13856-3:2013, Safety of machinery — Pressure-sensitive protective devices — Part 3: General
principles for design and testing of pressure-sensiti
...
The SIST EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2022 standard is a comprehensive document that outlines the common safety requirements for drilling and foundation equipment. It addresses significant hazards associated with the use, assembly, and maintenance of this machinery, ensuring a holistic approach to safety across different stages of the equipment lifecycle. One of the primary strengths of this standard is its broad scope, as it encapsulates various types of drilling and foundation equipment, providing a unified framework for safety measures applicable to multiple machine families. This not only facilitates compliance for manufacturers but also ensures that operators are provided with a consistent level of safety across diverse equipment types. The standard explicitly details the conditions of intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse, which is crucial for risk assessment and management. The document is designed to be used in conjunction with parts 2 to 7, which address specific machinery and applications without duplicating the requirements listed in part 1. This modular approach allows for flexibility and precision in meeting both general and specific safety standards relevant to drilling and foundation equipment. For example, multipurpose machinery can integrate the relevant requirements from various parts to ensure comprehensive safety compliance. Moreover, the standard judiciously lists the exclusions, such as tunnelling machines and equipment specifically used in the oil and gas industry, which further clarifies its intended scope and avoids ambiguity in application. By expressly stating these exclusions, the standard helps manufacturers and users identify the precise relevance of SIST EN 16228-1 to their operations and ensures that they recognize when to consult additional standards. Additionally, the standard acknowledges potential risks associated with specific operational environments, such as explosive atmospheres, and notes that further requirements would be necessary in such cases. This proactive stance in identifying potential hazards reinforces the standard's commitment to safety and the need for thorough risk management practices across different contexts of use. In conclusion, the SIST EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2022 standard serves as a foundational document for ensuring safety in drilling and foundation equipment, thanks to its comprehensive scope, clarity in exclusions, and the structured approach to addressing both general and specific safety requirements. The standard's relevance in the industry is underscored by its intent to foster a safe operational environment, thereby aligning well with current safety legislation and industrial practices.
SIST EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2022は、掘削および基礎工事機器に関する安全性のためのヨーロッパ規格であり、特に共通の安全要件を明確に定義しています。この規格は、掘削および基礎工事機器に関連する重大な危険に焦点を当て、機器が意図された方法で使用される場合や、製造者が合理的に予見可能な誤用の条件下でのリスクを考慮しています。 この標準の強みは、複数の掘削および基礎工事機器のファミリーに共通する要件を含む点であり、これにより、さまざまな機器に適用可能な幅広い安全基準を提供しています。また、特定の操作や用途に応じて補足または修正される機器特有の要件を持つ他の部分（2～7部）と合わせて使用するため、柔軟性があります。この仕様により、例えば掘削機が杭打ち機としても使用される場合、それぞれの機能について必要な基準が考慮されることが可能です。 さらに、標準は多目的機器に対応しており、特定の機能や用途に関連する要件を適用することで、実務上の安全性を向上させます。組み立て式の掘削機器が、土木機器やクレーンを用いて固定配置された場合においても、この基準が適用されることが明記されています。 ただし、一部の特定の機器や用途（トンネル機器、油・ガス産業用の掘削装置、地下採掘機器など）は、この標準の範囲外とされていますので、注意が必要です。これにより、使用する機器に対する明確なガイダンスが提供され、業界全体の安全基準の向上に寄与します。 最後に、この標準は、爆発の危険性がある環境や落雷リスクを考慮した追加要件が必要であることを示しており、より安全な作業環境を確保するための重要な枠組みを提供しています。SIST EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2022は、掘削および基礎工事機器における安全性の向上に向けて、極めて重要な基準であるといえるでしょう。
SIST EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2022는 굴착 및 기초 장비의 안전에 관한 유럽 표준으로, 굴착 및 기초 장비의 공통 안전 요구 사항을 명확히 규정하고 있습니다. 이 표준의 범위는 의도된 대로 사용될 때 및 제조자가 합리적으로 예상할 수 있는 오용 조건에서의 주요 위험 요소를 포함합니다. 문서에는 운송, 조립, 해체, 서비스 중 및 비서비스 중 유지 보수, 현장 이동, 저장, 비활성화 및 폐기 등 기계의 전체 수명 동안 적용되는 요구 사항이 포함되어 있습니다. 이 표준의 강점 중 하나는 두 개 이상의 굴착 및 기초 장비 계열에 공통적인 요구 사항을 포함하고 있다는 점입니다. 이는 다양한 유형의 굴착 및 기초 장비에 대한 안전 요구 사항을 포괄하며, 이는 실제 현장에서의 다양성에 대응하는 데 중점을 둡니다. 더불어, 이 표준은 파트 2부터 7까지의 다른 부문과 함께 사용되도록 설계되어 있어, 특정 기계에 따른 요구 사항을 보완하거나 수정할 수 있습니다. 또한, 다양한 기능을 가진 다목적 기계에 대해서도 적절한 요구 사항을 적용할 수 있다는 점은 매우 중요한 특징입니다. 예를 들어, 굴착기가 파일링 기계로도 사용될 경우, 관련 요구 사항을 조합하여 사용할 수 있습니다. 이는 효율성과 안전성을 더욱 강화하는 요소로 작용합니다. 다만, 이 표준은 특정한 종류의 기계나 환경에는 적용되지 않는 단점도 가지고 있습니다. 예를 들어, 터널 머신, 유정 및 가스 산업에서 사용되는 드릴랙 등은 이 표준의 범위에서 제외됩니다. 더욱이, 특정 요구사항은 포함되지 않을 수도 있으므로, 표준의 적용 범위를 충분히 이해하고 활용하는 것이 중요합니다. 결론적으로, SIST EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2022는 굴착 및 기초 장비의 안전성 강화를 위해 필요한 포괄적이고도 실제적인 기준을 제공하며, 광범위한 적용 가능성으로 인해 현장 안전 관리에 기여하는 데 큰 의의가 있습니다.
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.
Loading comments...