ASTM D9-05

Standard Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Products

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers a repository of definitions essential for the business of Committee D07.
1.2 The following criteria shall be followed by Subcommittee D07.91 in selecting terms and associated definitions for inclusion in this standard.
1.2.1 Terms and associated definitions shall be selected if they are in general use in the conduct of the standards over which D07 has jurisdiction.
1.2.2 Terms and associated definitions in general industrial or technical use that are not unique to wood or wood-based products are not included.
1.2.3 Terms and associated definitions that are unique to a single D07 standard and defined therein or generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources may not be included in Terminology D 9.
1.3 When a term is used in an ASTM document for which Committee D07 is responsible, it is included in Terminology D 9 only when judged an essential term by subcommittee D07.91.
1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in discussion notes.
1.5 Terms and definitions shall be reviewed every 5 years; the year of last review is appended.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2005
• ICS: 01.040.79 - Wood technology (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 79.040 - Wood, sawlogs and sawn timber
• Technical Committee: D07 - Wood
• Drafting Committee: D07.91 - Terminology and Editorial

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D9-87(1999)e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Wood
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2005
• Replaced By: ASTM D9-09 - Standard Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Products
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D6305-21 - Standard Practice for Calculating Bending Strength Design Adjustment Factors for Fire-Retardant-Treated Plywood Roof Sheathing
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2005
• Referred By: ASTM G113-22 - Standard Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests of Nonmetallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D7470-21 - Standard Practice for Evaluating Elevated Temperature Performance of End-Jointed Lumber Studs
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D2395-17(2022) - Standard Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D3201/D3201M-20 - Standard Test Method for Hygroscopic Properties of Fire-Retardant Wood and Wood-Based Products
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D6958-20 - Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Side-Bonding Potential of Wood Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D198-22a - Standard Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in Structural Sizes
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D2559-12a(2018) - Standard Specification for Adhesives for Bonded Structural Wood Products for Use Under Exterior Exposure Conditions
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2005
• Referred By: ASTM E2579-23a - Standard Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Wood Products to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D6199-18a - Standard Practice for Quality of Wood Members of Containers and Pallets
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D7612-21 - Standard Practice for Categorizing Wood and Wood-Based Products According to Their Fiber Sources
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D7033-22 - Standard Practice for Establishing Design Capacities for Oriented Strand Board (OSB) Wood-Based Structural-Use Panels
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D2898-10(2017) - Standard Practice for Accelerated Weathering of Fire-Retardant-Treated Wood for Fire Testing
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2005

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D9–05
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Wood and Wood-Based Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 9; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Thedefinitionscontainedhereinconstitutealexiconoftermsofgeneralinterest.Definitionsinmore
specialized wood product or process use will be found in other standards. These include Practice
2
D 245,EstablishingStructuralGradesandRelatedAllowablePropertiesforVisuallyGradedLumber;
2 2
Terminology D 907, Adhesives; Definitions D 1038, Terms Relating to Veneer and Plywood;
2
Nomenclature D 1165, Domestic Hardwoods and Softwoods; Definitions D 1554, Terms Relating to
2
Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials; Definitions F 547, Terms Relating to Nails for Use
2 2
with Wood and Wood-Base Materials; Methods D 2555, Establishing Clear-Wood Strength Values;
2
Definitions C 274, Terms Relating to Structural Sandwich Constructions.
1. Scope 1.5 Terms and definitions shall be reviewed every 5 years;
the year of last review is appended.
1.1 This terminology covers a repository of definitions
essential for the business of Committee D07.
2. Terminology
1.2 The following criteria shall be followed by Subcommit-
tee D07.91 in selecting terms and associated definitions for allowable properties—mechanical properties of materials as
prepared for design use. Allowable properties of wood are
inclusion in this standard.
1.2.1 Terms and associated definitions shall be selected if identified with stress-grade descriptions and reflect the
orthotropicstructureofwood.Oftenconsideredsynonomous
they are in general use in the conduct of the standards over
which D07 has jurisdiction. with allowable unit stresses, working stresses, and design
stresses.
1.2.2 Terms and associated definitions in general industrial
or technical use that are not unique to wood or wood-based American softwood lumber standard—a voluntary product
standardoftheU.S.DepartmentofCommercewhichserves
products are not included.
1.2.3 Terms and associated definitions that are unique to a as a basis for the preparation and revision of industry-
sponsored grading rules for lumber.
single D07 standard and defined therein or generally under-
stood or adequately defined in other readily available sources American standard lumber—lumber conforming to the basic
provisions of the American Softwood Lumber Standard.
may not be included in Terminology D 9.
1.3 When a term is used in an ASTM document for which annual ring—thegrowthlayerproducedbythetreeinasingle
growth year, including earlywood and latewood.
Committee D07 is responsible, it is included in Terminology
D 9 only when judged an essential term by subcommittee bark pocket—the layer of a tree outside the cambium com-
prising the inner bark and the outer bark.
D07.91.
inner bark—the layer of living bark (phloem) that separates
1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional infor-
mation included in discussion notes. theouterbarkfromthecambiumandwhichinthelivingtree
generally is moist and soft.
outer bark—the layer of dead bark outside the inner bark,
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood
forming the exterior surface of the tree stem. The outer bark
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.91 on Terminology and
frequently is corky and dry.
Editorial.
bark product—an opening between annual growth rings that
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2005. Published December 2005. Originally
´1
approved in 1907. Last previous edition approved in 1999 asD9–87 (1999) .
contains bark. Bark pockets appear as dark streaks on radial
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
surfaces and as rounded areas on tangential surfaces.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
basic stress (archaic)—the term once used for an allowable
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. property for clear, straight-grained lumber.
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D9–05
batten—a narrow strip of lumber for covering the adjoining lumber and other wood products, a feature in or on the wood
edges of roofing or siding, often designated as “batts.” which by its nature, extent, and frequency of occurrence
board foot—a unit of measurement represented by a board 1 determines the grade or level of quality.
ft long, 1 ft wide, and 1 in. thick. Abbreviation ft. b.m.; bd. char
...