ASTM D6759-16

Standard Practice for Sampling Liquids Using Grab and Discrete Depth Samplers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Sampling at specified depth(s) within a liquid may be needed to confirm or rule out variations within a target population. This practice describes the design and operation of commercially available grab and discrete depth samplers for persons responsible for designing or implementing sampling programs, or both.  
4.2 These sampling devices are used for sampling liquids in tanks, ponds, impoundments, and other open bodies of water. Some may be used from the edge or bank of the sampling site, whereas some can only be used from a platform, boat, or bridge over the sampling site. Some of the devices described are suitable for sampling slurries and sludges as well as aqueous and other liquids with few or no suspended solids.  
4.3 Practice D5743 provides guidance for sampling drums, tanks, or similar containers.  
4.4 This practice does not address general guidelines for planning waste sampling activities (Guide D4687), development of data quality objectives (Practice D5792), the design of monitoring systems and determination of the number of samples to collect (Practice D6311), in situ measurement of parameters of interest, data assessment and statistical interpretation of resultant data (Guide D6233), sample preservation, sampling and field quality assurance (Guide D5612), or the selection of sampling locations or obtaining a representative sample (Guide D6044).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes sampling devices and procedures for collecting samples of liquids or sludges, or both, whose upper surface can be accessed by the suitable device. These devices may be used to sample tanks that have an appropriately sized and located sampling port.  
1.2 This practice describes and discusses the advantages and limitations of the following commonly used equipment, some of which can be used for both grab and discrete depth sampling: dipper, liquid grab sampler, swing jar sampler, Bacon Bomb, Kemmerer sampler, Discrete Level sampler, liquid profiler, peristaltic pump, and the Syringe sampler.  
1.3 This practice provides instructions on the use of these samplers.  
1.4 This practice does not address sampling devices for collecting ground water.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Oct-2016
• ICS: 13.030.20 - Liquid wastes. Sludge
• Technical Committee: D34 - Waste Management
• Drafting Committee: D34.01.03 - Sampling Equipment

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D6323-19 - Standard Guide for Laboratory Subsampling of Media Related to Waste Management Activities
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2019
• Refers: ASTM D5681-17 - Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2017
• Refers: ASTM D5358-93(2019) - Standard Practice for Sampling With a Dipper or Pond Sampler
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2019
• Refers: ASTM D6538-12(2019) - Standard Guide for Sampling Wastewater With Automatic Samplers
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2019
• Refers: ASTM D5681-18 - Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2018
• Refers: ASTM D5088-15a - Standard Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment Used at Waste Sites
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2015
• Refers: ASTM D5088-20 - Standard Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment Used at Waste Sites
• Effective Date: 01-May-2020
• Refers: ASTM D5088-15 - Standard Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment Used at Waste Sites
• Effective Date: 15-Jan-2015
• Refers: ASTM D5792-10(2015) - Standard Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste Management Activities: Development of Data Quality Objectives
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2015
• Refers: ASTM D5681-16 - Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2016
• Refers: ASTM D6699-16 - Standard Practice for Sampling Liquids Using Bailers
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2016
• Refers: ASTM D5681-16a - Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2016
• Refers: ASTM D5283-18 - Standard Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste Management Activities: Quality Assurance and Quality Control Planning and Implementation
• Effective Date: 01-May-2018
• Refers: ASTM D4840-99(2018)e1 - Standard Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
• Effective Date: 15-Aug-2018
• Refers: ASTM D5612-94(2018) - Standard Guide for Quality Planning and Field Implementation of a Water Quality Measurement Program
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2018
• Referred By: ASTM D6232-21 - Standard Guide for Selection of Sampling Equipment for Waste and Contaminated Media Data Collection Activities
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D7573-18ae1 - Standard Test Method for Total Carbon and Organic Carbon in Water by High Temperature Catalytic Combustion and Infrared Detection
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D8456-22 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Nitrosamines in Water by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D8083-16(2023) - Standard Test Method for Total Nitrogen, and Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) by Calculation, in Water by High Temperature Catalytic Combustion and Chemiluminescence Detection
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D5681-22e1 - Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D7831-20 - Standard Practice for Sampling of Tanks by Field Personnel
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2016

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6759 − 16
Standard Practice for
1
Sampling Liquids Using Grab and Discrete Depth Samplers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6759; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D5612 Guide for Quality Planning and Field Implementa-
tion of a Water Quality Measurement Program
1.1 Thispracticedescribessamplingdevicesandprocedures
D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
for collecting samples of liquids or sludges, or both, whose
D5743 Practice for Sampling Single or Multilayered
upper surface can be accessed by the suitable device. These
Liquids, With or Without Solids, in Drums or Similar
devicesmaybeusedtosampletanksthathaveanappropriately
Containers
sized and located sampling port.
D5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Re-
1.2 Thispracticedescribesanddiscussestheadvantagesand
lated to Waste Management Activities: Development of
limitations of the following commonly used equipment, some
Data Quality Objectives
of which can be used for both grab and discrete depth
D5956 Guide for Sampling Strategies for Heterogeneous
sampling: dipper, liquid grab sampler, swing jar sampler,
Wastes
Bacon Bomb, Kemmerer sampler, Discrete Level sampler,
D6044 Guide for Representative Sampling for Management
liquid profiler, peristaltic pump, and the Syringe sampler.
of Waste and Contaminated Media
D6051 Guide for Composite Sampling and Field Subsam-
1.3 This practice provides instructions on the use of these
samplers. pling for Environmental Waste Management Activities
D6232 Guide for Selection of Sampling Equipment for
1.4 This practice does not address sampling devices for
WasteandContaminatedMediaDataCollectionActivities
collecting ground water.
D6233 Guide for DataAssessment for Environmental Waste
3
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Management Activities (Withdrawn 2016)
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D6311 Guide for Generation of Environmental Data Related
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
to Waste ManagementActivities: Selection and Optimiza-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tion of Sampling Design
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D6323 Guide for Laboratory Subsampling of Media Related
to Waste Management Activities
2. Referenced Documents
D6538 Guide for Sampling Wastewater With Automatic
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: Samplers
D4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste Sampling D6699 Practice for Sampling Liquids Using Bailers
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
3. Terminology
D5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment
Used at Waste Sites
3.1 discrete depth sample, n—sample obtained from a de-
D5283 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Re-
fined level within the liquid being sampled.
lated to Waste ManagementActivities: QualityAssurance
3.2 grab sample, n—individual sample collected over a
and Quality Control Planning and Implementation
period of time usually not exceeding 15 min and in such a
D5358 PracticeforSamplingwithaDipperorPondSampler
manner as to be representative of conditions at the time of
sampling. Grab samples are sometimes called individual or
discrete samples.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
3.3 representative sample, n—sample collected such that it
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.03 on
reflects one or more characteristics of interest (as defined by
Sampling Equipment.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2016. Published November 2016. Originally
the project objectives) of a population from which it was
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D6759 – 09. DOI:
collected. D5956
10.1520/D6759-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6759 − 16
3.4 sample, n—see Terminology D5681. 5.6 Some discrete samples can be taken using bailers (see
Practice D6699).Additional information on sel
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6759 − 09 D6759 − 16
Standard Practice for
1
Sampling Liquids Using Grab and Discrete Depth Samplers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6759; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice describes sampling devices and procedures for collecting samples of liquids or sludges, or both, whose upper
surface can be accessed by the suitable device. These devices may be used to sample tanks that have an appropriately sized and
located sampling port.
1.2 This practice describes and discusses the advantages and limitations of the following commonly used equipment, some of
which can be used for both grab and discrete depth sampling: dipper, liquid grab sampler, swing jar sampler, Bacon Bomb,
Kemmerer sampler, Discrete Level sampler, liquid profiler, lidded sludge/water sampler, peristaltic pump, and the Syringe sampler.
1.3 This practice provides instructions on the use of these samplers.
1.4 This practice does not address sampling devices for collecting ground water.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste Sampling
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
D5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment Used at Waste Sites
D5283 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste Management Activities: Quality Assurance and Quality
Control Planning and Implementation
D5358 Practice for Sampling with a Dipper or Pond Sampler
D5612 Guide for Quality Planning and Field Implementation of a Water Quality Measurement Program
D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
D5743 Practice for Sampling Single or Multilayered Liquids, With or Without Solids, in Drums or Similar Containers
D5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste Management Activities: Development of Data Quality
Objectives
D5956 Guide for Sampling Strategies for Heterogeneous Wastes
D6044 Guide for Representative Sampling for Management of Waste and Contaminated Media
D6051 Guide for Composite Sampling and Field Subsampling for Environmental Waste Management Activities
D6232 Guide for Selection of Sampling Equipment for Waste and Contaminated Media Data Collection Activities
3
D6233 Guide for Data Assessment for Environmental Waste Management Activities (Withdrawn 2016)
D6311 Guide for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste Management Activities: Selection and Optimization of
Sampling Design
D6323 Guide for Laboratory Subsampling of Media Related to Waste Management Activities
D6538 Guide for Sampling Wastewater With Automatic Samplers
D6699 Practice for Sampling Liquids Using Bailers
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.03 on Sampling
Equipment.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2009Oct. 15, 2016. Published March 2009November 2016. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20072009
as D6759D6759 – 09.-07. DOI: 10.1520/D6759-09.10.1520/D6759-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6759 − 16
3. Terminology
3.1 discrete depth sample, n—sample obtained from a defined level within the liquid being sampled.
3.2 grab sample, n—individual sample collected over a period of time usually not exceeding 15 min and in such a manner as
to be representative of conditions at the time of sampling. Grab samples are sometimes called individual or discrete samples.
3.3 representative sample, n—sample collected such that it reflects one or more characteristics of
...