D34.01.03 - Sampling Equipment

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Bucket augers (Fig. 1) are relatively inexpensive, readily available, available in different types depending on the media to be sampled, and most can be easily operated by one person. They collect a reasonably cylindrical but disturbed sample of surface or subsurface soil or waste. They are generally not suited for sampling gravelly or coarser soil and are unsuitable for sampling rock. There are other designs of hand augers, such as the Edelman auger, used to retrieve difficult materials such as waste, sands, peat, and mud.
FIG. 1 Bucket Auger  
5.2 Bucket augers are commonly used equipment because they are inexpensive to operate, especially compared to powered equipment (that is, direct push and drill rigs). When evaluated against screw augers (Guide D4700), bucket augers generally collect larger samples with less chance of mixing with soil from shallow depths because the sample is retained within the auger bucket. Bucket augers are commonly used to depths of 3 m but have been used to much greater depths depending upon the soil or waste characteristics. In general, bucket augers can maintain open holes in unsaturated soils and saturated clay soils below the water table. Saturated sands will cave below the water table and perched zones and cohesionless dry sands may also cave. The sampling depth is limited by the force required to rotate the auger and the depth at which the bore hole collapses (unless bore casings or liners are used).  
5.3 Bucket augers may not be suitable for the collection of samples for determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) because the sample is disturbed and exposed to atmosphere during the collection process, which may lead to losses resulting in a chemically unrepresentative sample.  
5.4 If VOC analysis is required, the bucket auger is used to reach the desired sample depth, a planer auger can be used to clean the base of the hole, and a hammered drive tube sampler (Fig. 2) can be used at the bottom of the hole. Drive ...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedures and equipment used to collect surface and subsurface soil and contaminated media samples for chemical analysis using a hand-operated bucket auger (sometimes referred to as a barrel auger). Several types of bucket augers exist and are designed for sampling various types of soil. All bucket augers collect disturbed samples. Bucket augers can also be used to auger to the desired sampling depth and then, using a core-type sampler, collect a relatively undisturbed sample suitable for chemical analysis.  
1.2 This practice does not cover the use of large 300 mm or greater diameter bucket augers mechanically operated by large drill rigs or similar equipment, such as those described in Practice D1452/D1452M, paragraph 5.2.4. Practice D1452/D1452M on auger borings refers to this hand auger included in Practice D6907 as a barrel auger.  
1.3 Refer to Guides D4700 and D6232 for information on other hand samplers. The bucket auger is often used for shallow surface soil sampling, but there are many other types of handheld augers, flight, screw, rotary powered, and agricultural push tube samplers. Practice D1452/D1452M addresses larger powered solid stem flight auger systems.  
1.4 This standard does not address soil samples obtained with mechanical drilling, direct push, and sonic machines (refer to Guides D6286/D6286M and D6169/D6169M) or for collecting cores from submerged sediments (Guide D4823).  
1.5 This practice does not address sampling objectives (see Practice D5792), general sample planning (see Guide D4687), and sampling design (for example, where to collect samples and what depth to sample (see Guide D6044)). Sampling for volatile organic compounds (see Guide D4547), equipment cleaning and decontamination (see Practice D5088), sample handling after collection such as compositing and subsampling (see Guide D6051), and sample preservation (Guide D4220/D4220M) are used in this s...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Often during environmental investigations, soils are analyzed after being collected from the surface, the vadose zone (Terminology D653), and sometimes from below the groundwater table to identify and quantify the presence of a chemical contaminant. A contaminant is a substance that is typically hazardous and either is not normally present or that occurs naturally but is of an uncharacteristically high concentration (Guide D4687). A three-dimensional spatial array of samples can often provide information as to the source and route(s) of migration of the contaminant. The resultant information is used to direct remedial and corrective actions or can be used for monitoring purposes. Obtaining a soil sample with a core barrel sampler involves driving this device into the ground and then retrieving it for sample processing. Several methods for advancing a core barrel are generally acceptable (for example, Test Method D1586; Practices D1587, D3550, and D6151; Guides D5784, D5875, D5876, D6169, and D6282). Drilling methods that use drilling fluids (liquids or air) should be avoided because they are more susceptible to cross-contamination (Guide D6286) (see 6.1.6).  
5.2 If samples are to be collected for the determination of per- and poly-fluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), all sampling equipment should be made of fluorine-free materials. Other considerations for PFAS sampling may exist but are beyond the scope of this standard.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining soils from core barrel samplers for chemical and physical analysis, with an emphasis on the collection and handling procedures that maintain the representativeness of the chemical contaminants of concern. Core barrel samplers are initially empty (hollow) until they are pushed into the ground to collect and retrieve a cylindrical soil sample with minimal disturbance. The selection of equipment and the sample handling procedures are dependent on the soil properties, the depth of sampling, and the general properties of the chemical contaminants of concern, that is, volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds, and inorganic constituents. The sampling procedures described are designed to maintain representative concentrations of the contaminants regardless of their physical state(s), that is, solid, liquid, or gas.  
1.2 This practice covers soil samplers used in Guide D6169 on soils and rock sampling and included in Guide D6232 for waste sampling. Guide D6169 provides additional information on samplers and procedures that will preserve representative contaminate concentrations. Guide D6282 is on direct-push soil samplers that are most frequently used for environmental work. Guide D4547 addresses special sampling of soils for volatile compounds. This standard does not include sediment samplers in Guide D4823, but the same principles may apply to handling of those cores. Guide D4700 includes information on shallow manual push soil samplers.  
1.3 Five general types of core barrel samplers are discussed in this practice: split-barrel, soil corer, ring-lined barrel, thin-walled tube, and solid-barrel samplers.  
1.4 This document does not cover all the core barrel devices that are available for the collection of soil samples.  
1.5 The procedures described may or may not be applicable to handling of samples for assessing certain geotechnical properties, for example, soil porosity.
Note 1: Prior to commencement of any intrusive exploration, the site should be checked for underground utilities.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purpo...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is applicable to sampling liquid wastes and other stratified liquids. The COLIWASA is used to obtain a vertical column of liquid representing an accurate cross section of the sampled material. To obtain a representative sample of stratified liquids, the COLIWASA should be open at both ends so that material flows through it as it is slowly lowered to the desired sampling depth. The COLIWASA must not be lowered with the stopper in place. Opening the stopper after the tube is submerged will cause material to flow in from the bottom layer only, resulting in gross over-representation of that layer.  
5.2 This practice is to be used by personnel acquiring samples.  
5.3 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687 which covers sampling plans, safety, QA, preservation, decontamination, labeling, and chain-of-custody procedures; Practice D5088 which covers decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites; Practice D5283 which covers project specifications and practices for environmental field operations; and Practice D5743 which covers drum sampling.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for sampling liquids with the composite liquid waste sampler, or “COLIWASA.” The COLIWASA is an appropriate device for obtaining a representative sample from stratified or unstratified liquids. Its most common use is for sampling containerized liquids, such as tanks, barrels, and drums. It may also be used for pools and other open bodies of stagnant liquid.  
Note 1: A limitation of the COLIWASA is that the stopper mechanism may not allow collection of approximately the bottom 2.54 cm (1 in.) of material, depending on construction of the stopper.  
1.2 The COLIWASA should not be used to sample flowing or moving liquids.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is applicable to sampling soils and similar fine-grained cohesive materials. This practice is to be used by personnel who are to acquire the samples.  
5.2 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687, which covers sampling plans, safety, quality assurance, preservation, decontamination, labeling, and chain-of-custody procedures; Practice D5088, which covers the decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites; and Practice D5283, which covers project specifications and practices for environmental field operations.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling using a trier. A trier resembles an elongated scoop as shown in Fig. 1. The trier is used to collect samples of granular or powdered materials that are moist or sticky and have a particle diameter less than one half the diameter of the trier.
FIG. 1 Triers (Typical)  
1.2 The trier can be used as a vertical coring device only when it is certain that a relatively complete and cylindrical sample can be extracted.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is intended for use in collecting samples of contaminated soils and similar materials.  
5.2 Scoops are used primarily for collecting samples near the surface. Subsurface samples can be obtained by first removing higher layers using a shovel or other suitable equipment and collecting the sample with the scoop.  
5.3 Because of their simplicity, scoops are useful in taking samples of waste materials where decontamination or disposal is a problem with other types of sampling equipment. Scoops are also suitable for use in rapid screening programs, pilot studies, and other semi-quantitative investigations.  
5.4 Samples should be collected in accordance with an appropriate work plan (see Practice D5283 and Guide D4687).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the method and equipment used to collect surface and near-surface samples of soils and physically similar materials using a scoop.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice can be used in sampling drums, tanks, and similar containers and in sampling monitoring and waste wells including small-diameter (2.5 cm (1 in.)) wells. The pump can collect samples from multiple depths. The samples can be high-viscosity fluids, aggressive and corrosive fluids, high-purity solutions, and abrasive fluids. The pump can be used to mix samples (see Guide D6063).  
5.2 Peristaltic pumps use a vacuum to transport the samples. This vacuum may cause some degassing and loss of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the sample. When precise quantitative data for VOCs and dissolved gases are not required, peristaltic pumps may be used.  
5.3 The pump is self-priming, runs dry without damage, and is completely isolated from the pumped fluid. A sample can be taken on the intake or discharge side of the pump.  
5.4 Some additional advantages of the peristaltic pump are: decontamination of the pump motor is not necessary and the tubing in the pump is disposable and easy to replace. The pumps can be easily started and stopped and can pump fluids at a wide range of pressures and flow rates.  
5.5 The place, quality and quantity, frequency, and time of sampling are dependent upon the decisions that are to be made (see Practice D6250), sampling design (see Guide D6311), the sample, the heterogeneity of the samples (see Guide D5956), how representative the sample is (see Guide D6044), and the parameters to be tested as determined by the data quality objectives (DQOs) (see Practice D5792).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the use of a peristaltic pump for sampling liquids from multiple depths. It is applicable for a wide range of fluids including: high-viscosity fluids, aggressive and corrosive fluids, high-purity solutions, and abrasive fluids. It is especially useful for sampling liquids that require complete isolation from the pump.  
1.2 This practice includes the determination of sample depth, pump setup, and collecting a sample to be analyzed.  
1.3 This practice is not intended to give detailed instructions for running a peristaltic pump or to recommend which peristaltic pump to purchase. It instructs the field personnel how to connect the pump and collect a sample.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides persons responsible for designing and implementing wastewater sampling programs with a summary of the types of automatic wastewater samplers, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of samplers, and addresses recommended procedures for their use. The field settings are primarily, but not limited to, open channel flows in enclosed (e.g., sewer) systems or open (e.g., streams or open ditches, and sampling pressure lines) systems.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of automatic wastewater samplers, including procedures for their use in obtaining representative samples. Automatic wastewater samplers are intended for the unattended collection of samples that are representative of the parameters of interest in the wastewater body. While this guide primarily addresses the sampling of wastewater, the same automatic samplers may be used to sample process streams and natural water bodies.  
1.2 The guide does not address general guidelines for planning waste sampling activities (see Guide D4687), development of data quality objectives (see Practice D5792), the design of monitoring systems and determination of the number of samples to collect (see Guide D6311), operational details of any specific type of sampler, in-situ measurement of parameters of interest, data assessment and statistical interpretation of resultant data (see Guide D6233), or sampling and field quality assurance (see Guide D5612). It also does not address sampling groundwater.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3.1 Exception—The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended for use in the sampling of surface waters and other liquids.  
4.2 Dipper equipment is uncomplicated in construction, simple to use, and relatively easy to decontaminate; however, this practice will not provide accurate results with multiphase liquids.  
4.3 This practice is to be used by personnel acquiring samples.  
4.4 The dipper is best used to take a surface sample of liquid. No attempt should be made to take subsurface samples with a dipper because mixing and dilution will occur as the dipper is brought to the surface. Subsurface layers must be sampled using a device that can be closed prior to bringing it to the surface (for example, a COLIWASA, tube sampler, or bottle sampler).  
4.5 The dipper is not appropriate for sampling multiphase liquids if quantitative characterization is needed.  
4.6 When volatile organic analysis (VOA) will be performed, samples obtained with a dipper should be poured into an appropriate container (VOA vial) with minimal air contact and agitation.  
4.7 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687, which covers sampling plans, safety, quality assurance (QA), preservation, decontamination, labeling, and chain-of-custody procedures; also Practice D5088, which covers decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites. Other documents pertinent to this practice are EPA-600/2-80-018 and EPA-600/4-84-076.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure and equipment for taking surface samples of water or other liquids using a dipper. A pond sampler or dipper with extension handle allows the operator to sample streams, ponds, waste pits, and lagoons as far as 15 ft from the bank or other secure footing. The dipper is useful in filling a sample bottle without contaminating the outside of the bottle.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Sampling at specified depth(s) within a liquid may be needed to confirm or rule out variations within a target population. This practice describes the design and operation of commercially available grab and discrete depth samplers for persons responsible for designing or implementing sampling programs, or both.  
4.2 These sampling devices are used for sampling liquids in tanks, ponds, impoundments, and other open bodies of water. Some may be used from the edge or bank of the sampling site, whereas some can only be used from a platform, boat, or bridge over the sampling site. Some of the devices described are suitable for sampling slurries and sludges as well as aqueous and other liquids with few or no suspended solids.  
4.3 Practice D5743 provides guidance for sampling drums, tanks, or similar containers.  
4.4 This practice does not address general guidelines for planning waste sampling activities (Guide D4687), development of data quality objectives (Practice D5792), the design of monitoring systems and determination of the number of samples to collect (Practice D6311), in situ measurement of parameters of interest, data assessment and statistical interpretation of resultant data (Guide D6233), sample preservation, sampling and field quality assurance (Guide D5612), or the selection of sampling locations or obtaining a representative sample (Guide D6044).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes sampling devices and procedures for collecting samples of liquids or sludges, or both, whose upper surface can be accessed by the suitable device. These devices may be used to sample tanks that have an appropriately sized and located sampling port.  
1.2 This practice describes and discusses the advantages and limitations of the following commonly used equipment, some of which can be used for both grab and discrete depth sampling: dipper, liquid grab sampler, swing jar sampler, Bacon Bomb, Kemmerer sampler, Discrete Level sampler, liquid profiler, peristaltic pump, and the Syringe sampler.  
1.3 This practice provides instructions on the use of these samplers.  
1.4 This practice does not address sampling devices for collecting ground water.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 A bailer is a device for obtaining a sample from stratified or un-stratified waters and liquid wastes. The most common use of a bailer is for sampling ground water from single-screened wells (Fig. 1) and well clusters (see Guide D4448).  
5.2 This practice is applicable to sampling water and liquid wastes. The sampling procedure will depend on sampling plan and the data quality objectives (DQOs) (Practice D5792).  
5.3 Bailers may be used to sample waters and liquid wastes in underground and above ground tanks and surface impoundments. However, the design of the unit and associated piping should be well understood so that the bailer can access the desired compartment and depth. Any stratification of the liquid should be identified prior to sampling.
Note 1: Viscous liquids and suspended solids may interfere with a bailer's designed operation.  
5.4 Bailers do not subject the sample to pressure extremes. Bailing does disturb the water column and may cause changes to the parameters to be measured (for example, turbidity, gases, etc.).  
5.5 The use of bailers in low flow wells for purging can result in increased agitation and turbidity in the sample and can introduce errors into the sample if the water surface level is drawn down below the top of the screen. In such cases, alternate methods of sampling such as Passive Sampling (Guide D7929) or Low Flow Sampling (Practice D6771) should be considered.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedure for sampling stratified or un-stratified waters and liquid waste using bailers.  
1.2 Three specific bailers are discussed in this practice. The bailers are the single and double check valve and differential pressure.  
1.3 This standard does not cover all of the bailing devices available to the user. The bailers chosen for this practice are typical of those commercially available.  
1.4 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687, Practice D5088, and Practice D5283.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Bucket augers are relatively inexpensive, readily available, available in different types depending on the media to be sampled, and most can be easily operated by one person. They collect a reasonably cylindrical but disturbed sample of surface or subsurface soil or waste. They are generally not suited for sampling gravelly or coarser soil and are unsuitable for sampling rock.  
5.2 Bucket augers are commonly used equipment because they are inexpensive to operate, especially compared to powered equipment (that is, direct push and drill rigs). When evaluated against screw augers, bucket augers generally collect larger samples with less chance of mixing with soil from shallow depths because the sample is retained within the auger barrel. Bucket augers are commonly used to depths of 3 m but have been used to much greater depths depending upon the soil or waste characteristics. The sampling depth is limited by the force required to rotate the auger and the depth at which the borehole collapses (unless bore casings or liners are used).  
5.3 Bucket augers may not be suitable for the collection of samples for determination of volatile organic compounds because the sample is disturbed during the collection process, which may lead to losses resulting in a chemically unrepresentative sample.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedures and equipment used to collect surface and subsurface soil and contaminated media samples for chemical analysis using a hand-operated bucket auger (hereafter referred to as a bucket auger; sometimes referred to as a barrel auger). Several types of bucket augers exist and are designed for sampling various types of soil. All bucket augers collect disturbed samples, but bucket augers can also be used to auger to the desired sampling depth and then, using a core-type sampler, collect a relatively undisturbed sample.  
1.2 This practice does not cover the use of large (12-in. or greater diameter) bucket augers mechanically operated by large drill rigs or similar equipment, such as those described in Practice D1452, section 3.2.4.  
1.3 The term bucket auger is used to differentiate this type of hand operated auger from others of the solid or hollow stem types that are also hand held or operated.  
1.4 This practice does not address sampling objectives (see Practice D5792), general sample planning (see Guide D4687), sampling design (for example, where to collect samples and what depth to sample [see Guide D6044]), sampling for volatile organic compounds (see Guide D4547), equipment cleaning and decontamination (see Practice D5088), sample handling after collection such as compositing and subsampling (see Guide D6051), and sample preservation. For information on other types of augers, see Practice D1452 and Guide D4700.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is applicable to sampling liquid wastes and other stratified liquids. The COLIWASA is used to obtain a vertical column of liquid representing an accurate cross-section of the sampled material. To obtain a representative sample of stratified liquids, the COLIWASA should be open at both ends so that material flows through it as it is slowly lowered to the desired sampling depth. The COLIWASA must not be lowered with the stopper in place. Opening the stopper after the tube is submerged will cause material to flow in from the bottom layer only, resulting in gross over-representation of that layer.  
4.2 This practice is to be used by personnel acquiring samples.  
4.3 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687 which covers sampling plans, safety, QA, preservation, decontamination, labeling and chain-of-custody procedures; Practice D5088 which covers decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites; Practice D5283 which covers project specifications and practices for environmental field operations, and Practice D5743 which covers drum sampling.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for sampling liquids with the composite liquid waste sampler, or “COLIWASA.” The COLIWASA is an appropriate device for obtaining a representative sample from stratified or unstratified liquids. Its most common use is for sampling containerized liquids, such as tanks, barrels, and drums. It may also be used for pools and other open bodies of stagnant liquid.  
Note 1: A limitation of the COLIWASA is that the stopper mechanism may not allow collection of approximately the bottom inch of material, depending on construction of the stopper.  
1.2 The COLIWASA should not be used to sample flowing or moving liquids.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is applicable to sampling soils and similar fine-grained cohesive materials. This practice is to be used by personnel who are to acquire the samples.  
4.2 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687, which covers sampling plans, safety, quality assurance, preservation, decontamination, labeling, and chain-of-custody procedures; Practice D5088, which covers the decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites; and Practice D5283, which covers project specifications and practices for environmental field operations.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling using a trier. A trier resembles an elongated scoop as shown in Fig. 1. The trier is used to collect samples of granular or powdered materials that are moist or sticky and have a particle diameter less than one-half the diameter of the trier.  
1.2 The trier can be used as a vertical coring device only when it is certain that a relatively complete and cylindrical sample can be extracted.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended for use in collecting samples of contaminated soils and similar materials.  
4.2 Scoops are used primarily for collecting samples near the surface. Subsurface samples can be obtained by first removing higher layers using a shovel or other suitable equipment and collecting the sample with the scoop.  
4.3 Because of their simplicity, scoops are useful in taking samples of waste materials where decontamination or disposal is a problem with other types of sampling equipment. Scoops are also suitable for use in rapid screening programs, pilot studies, and other semi-quantitative investigations.  
4.4 Samples should be collected in accordance with an appropriate work plan (see Practice D5283 and Guide D4687).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the method and equipment used to collect surface and near-surface samples of soils and physically similar materials using a scoop.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Often during environmental investigations, soils are analyzed after being collected from the surface, the vadose zone (Terminology D653) and sometimes from below the ground water table to identify and quantify the presence of a chemical contaminant. A contaminant is a substance that is typically hazardous and either is not normally present or that occurs naturally but is of an uncharacteristically high concentration (Guide D4687). A three-dimensional spatial array of samples can often provide information as to the source and route(s) of migration of the contaminant. The resultant information is used to direct remedial and corrective actions or can be used for monitoring purposes. Obtaining a soil sample with a core barrel sampler involves driving this device into the ground and then retrieving it for sample processing. Several methods for advancing a core barrel are generally acceptable (for example, Test Method D1586, Practice D1587, Practice D3550, Guide D4700, Guide D5784, Guide D5875, Guide D5876, Practice D6151, Guide D6282, and Guide D6286). Drilling methods that use drilling fluids (liquids or air) should be avoided because they are more susceptible to cross-contamination (See 5.1.6).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining soils from core barrel samplers for chemical and physical analysis, with an emphasis on the collection and handling procedures that maintain the representativeness of the chemical contaminants of concern. Core barrel samplers are initially empty (hollow) until they are pushed into the ground to collect and retrieve a cylindrical soil sample with minimal disturbance. The selection of equipment and the sample handling procedures are dependent on the soil properties, the depth of sampling, and the general properties of the chemical contaminants of concern, that is, volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds, and inorganic constituents. The sampling procedures described are designed to maintain representative concentrations of the contaminants regardless of their physical state(s), that is, solid, liquid or gas.  
1.2 Four general types of core barrel samplers are discussed in this practice: split-barrel, ring-lined barrel, thin-walled tube, and solid-barrel samplers.  
1.3 This document does not cover all the core barrel devices that are available for the collection of soil samples.  
1.4 The procedures described may or may not be applicable to handling of samples for assessing certain geotechnical properties, for example, soil porosity.
Note 1: Prior to commencement of any intrusive exploration, the site should be checked for underground utilities.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended for use in the sampling of surface waters and other liquids.  
4.2 Dipper equipment is uncomplicated in construction, simple to use, and relatively easy to decontaminate; however, this practice will not provide accurate results with multiphase liquids.  
4.3 This practice is to be used by personnel acquiring samples.  
4.4 The dipper is best used to take a  surface sample of liquid. No attempt should be made to take subsurface samples with a dipper because mixing and dilution will occur as the dipper is brought to the surface. Subsurface layers must be sampled using a device that can be closed prior to bringing it to the surface (for example, a COLIWASA, tube sampler, or bottle sampler).  
4.5 The dipper is not appropriate for sampling multiphase liquids if quantitative characterization is needed.  
4.6 When volatile organic analysis (VOA) will be performed, samples obtained with a dipper should be poured into an appropriate container (VOA vial) with minimal air contact and agitation.  
4.7 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687, which covers sampling plans, safety, Quality Assurance (QA), preservation, decontamination, labeling, and chain-of-custody procedures, also Practice D5088, which covers decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites. Other documents pertinent to this practice are EPA-600/2-80-018 and EPA-600/4-84-076.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure and equipment for taking surface samples of water or other liquids using a dipper. A pond sampler or dipper with extension handle allows the operator to sample streams, ponds, waste pits, and lagoons as far as 15 ft from the bank or other secure footing. The dipper is useful in filling a sample bottle without contaminating the outside of the bottle.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice can be used in sampling drums, tanks, and similar containers and in sampling monitoring and waste wells including small diameter (1 in.) wells. The pump can collect samples from multiple depths. The samples can be high-viscosity fluids, aggressive and corrosive fluids, high-purity solutions and abrasive fluids. The pump can be used to mix samples (see D6063).  
5.2 Peristaltic pumps use a vacuum to transport the samples. This vacuum may cause some degassing and loss of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the sample. When precise quantitative data for VOCs and dissolved gases are not required, peristaltic pumps may be used.  
5.3 The pump is self-priming, runs dry without damage, and is completely isolated from the pumped fluid. A sample can be taken on the intake or discharge side of the pump.  
5.4 Some additional advantages of the peristaltic pump are: decontamination of the pump motor is not necessary and the tubing in the pump is disposable and easy to replace. The pumps can be easily started and stopped and can pump fluids at a wide range of pressures and flow rates.  
5.5 The place, quality and quantity, frequency, and time of sampling is dependent upon the decisions that are to be made (see D6250), sampling design (see D6311), the sample, the heterogeneity of the samples (see D5956), how representative the sample is (see D6044), and the parameters to be tested as determined by the data quality objectives (DQOs) (see D5792).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the use of a peristaltic pump for sampling liquids from multiple depths. It is applicable for a wide range of fluids including: high-viscosity fluids, aggressive and corrosive fluids, high-purity solutions and abrasive fluids. It is especially useful for sampling liquids that require complete isolation from the pump.  
1.2 This practice includes the determination of sample depth, pump set up and collecting a sample to be analyzed.  
1.3 This practice is not intended to give detailed instructions for running a peristaltic pump or recommend which peristaltic pump to purchase. It instructs the field personnel how to connect the pump and collect a sample.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is intended for use in collecting samples of contaminated soils and similar materials.
Scoops are used primarily for collecting samples near the surface. Subsurface samples can be obtained by first removing higher layers using a shovel or other suitable equipment and collecting the sample with the scoop.
Because of their simplicity, scoops are useful in taking samples of waste materials where decontamination or disposal is a problem with other types of sampling equipment. Scoops are also suitable for use in rapid screening programs, pilot studies, and other semi-quantitative investigations.
Samples should be collected in accordance with an appropriate work plan (see Practice D5283 and Guide D4687).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the method and equipment used to collect surface and near-surface samples of soils and physically similar materials using a scoop.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides persons responsible for designing and implementing wastewater sampling programs with a summary of the types of automatic wastewater samplers, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of samplers and addresses recommended procedures for their use. The field settings are primarily, but not limited to, open channel flows in enclosed (e.g., sewer) systems or open (e.g., streams or open ditches, and sampling pressure lines) systems.TABLE 1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Manual versus Automatic Sampling of Wastewater (3)    
Type  
Advantages  
Disadvantages  
Manual  
Low capital cost  
Increased variability due to sample handling  
Personnel can compensate for various situations  
Inconsistency in collection  
Personnel can document
unusual conditions  
High cost of labor assuming composite or multiple grab samples are collected  
Low maintenance  
Repetitious and monotonous task for personnel  
Extra samples can be collected
in a short time if necessary  
Automatic  
Consistent samples  
Considerable maintenance for batteries and cleaning; susceptible to plugging by solids  
Decreased variability caused by sample handling  
Restricted in size to the general specifications  
Minimal labor requirement for sampling  
Greater potential for sample contamination    
Capable of collecting multiple
grab and multiple aliquot
composite samples  
May be subject to damage by vandals  
High capital cost
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of automatic wastewater samplers including procedures for their use in obtaining representative samples. Automatic wastewater samplers are intended for the unattended collection of samples that are representative of the parameters of interest in the wastewater body. While this guide primarily addresses the sampling of wastewater, the same automatic samplers may be used to sample process streams and natural water bodies.  
1.2 The guide does not address general guidelines for planning waste sampling activities (see Guide D4687), development of data quality objectives (see Practice D5792), the design of monitoring systems and determination of the number of samples to collect (see Practice D6311), operational details of any specific type of sampler, in-situ measurement of parameters of interest, data assessment and statistical interpretation of resultant data (see Guide D6233), or sampling and field quality assurance (see Guide D5612). It also does not address sampling groundwater.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3.1 Exception—The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is applicable to sampling soils and similar fine-grained cohesive materials. This practice is to be used by personnel who are to acquire the samples.
This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687, which covers sampling plans, safety, quality assurance, preservation, decontamination, labeling, and chain-of-custody procedures; Practice D5088, which covers the decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites; and Practice D5283, which covers project specifications and practices for environmental field operations.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling using a trier. A trier resembles an elongated scoop as shown in Fig. 1. The trier is used to collect samples of granular or powdered materials that are moist or sticky and have a particle diameter less than one-half the diameter of the trier.
1.2 The trier can be used as a vertical coring device only when it is certain that a relatively complete and cylindrical sample can be extracted.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
FIG. 1 Triers (Typical)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is applicable to sampling liquid wastes and other stratified liquids. The COLIWASA is used to obtain a vertical column of liquid representing an accurate cross-section of the sampled material. To obtain a representative sample of stratified liquids, the COLIWASA should be open at both ends so that material flows through it as it is slowly lowered to the desired sampling depth. The COLIWASA must not be lowered with the stopper in place. Opening the stopper after the tube is submerged will cause material to flow in from the bottom layer only, resulting in gross over-representation of that layer.
This practice is to be used by personnel acquiring samples.
This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687 which covers sampling plans, safety, QA, preservation, decontamination, labeling and chain-of-custody procedures; Practice D5088 which covers decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites; Practice D5283 which covers project specifications and practices for environmental field operations, and Practice D5743 which covers drum sampling..
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for sampling liquids with the composite liquid waste sampler, or “COLIWASA.” The COLIWASA is an appropriate device for obtaining a representative sample from stratified or unstratified liquids. Its most common use is for sampling containerized liquids, such as tanks, barrels, and drums. It may also be used for pools and other open bodies of stagnant liquid.
Note 1—A limitation of the COLIWASA is that the stopper mechanism may not allow collection of approximately the bottom inch of material, depending on construction of the stopper.  
1.2 The COLIWASA should not be used to sample flowing or moving liquids.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
A bailer is a device for obtaining a sample from stratified or un-stratified waters and liquid wastes. The most common use of a bailer is for sampling ground water from single-screened wells (Fig. 1) and well clusters (see Guide D4448).
This practice is applicable to sampling water and liquid wastes. The sampling procedure will depend on sampling plan and the data quality objectives (DQOs) (Practice D5792).
Bailers may be used to purge ground water wells prior to sampling, but bailers are poor devices for removing large volumes of water.
Bailers may be used to sample waters and liquid wastes in underground and above ground tanks and surface impoundments. However, the design of the unit and associated piping should be well understood so that the bailer can access the desired compartment and depth. Any stratification of the liquid should be identified prior to sampling.
Note 1—Viscous liquids and suspended solids may interfere with a bailer's designed operation.
Bailers do not subject the sample to pressure extremes. Bailing does disturb the water column and may cause changes to the parameters to be measured (for example, turbidity, gases, etc.).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedure for sampling stratified or un-stratified waters and liquid waste using bailers.
1.2 Three specific bailers are discussed in this practice. The bailers are the single and double check valve and differential pressure.
1.3 This standard does not cover all of the bailing devices available to the user. The bailers chosen for this practice are typical of those commercially available.
1.4 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687, Practice D5088, and Practice D5283.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide provides persons responsible for designing and implementing wastewater sampling programs with a summary of the types of automatic wastewater samplers, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of samplers and addresses recommended procedures for their use. The field settings are primarily, but not limited to, open channel flows in enclosed (e.g., sewer) systems or open (e.g., streams or open ditches, and sampling pressure lines) systems.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of automatic wastewater samplers including procedures for their use in obtaining representative samples. Automatic wastewater samplers are intended for the unattended collection of samples that are representative of the parameters of interest in the wastewater body. While this guide primarily addresses the sampling of wastewater, the same automatic samplers may be used to sample process streams and natural water bodies.
1.2 The guide does not address general guidelines for planning waste sampling activities (see Guide D4687), development of data quality objectives (see Practice D5792), the design of monitoring systems and determination of the number of samples to collect (see Practice D6311), operational details of any specific type of sampler, in-situ measurement of parameters of interest, data assessment and statistical interpretation of resultant data (see Guide D6233), or sampling and field quality assurance (see Guide D5612). It also does not address sampling groundwater.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3.1 Exception—The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Often during environmental investigations, soils are analyzed after being collected from the surface, the vadose zone (D653) and sometimes from below the ground water table to identify and quantify the presence of a chemical contaminant. A contaminant is a substance that is typically hazardous and either is not normally present or that occurs naturally but is of an uncharacteristically high concentration (D4687). A three-dimensional spatial array of samples can often provide information as to the source and route(s) of migration of the contaminant. The resultant information is used to direct remedial and corrective actions or can be used for monitoring purposes. Obtaining a soil sample with a core barrel sampler involves driving this device into the ground and then retrieving it for sample processing. Several methods for advancing a core barrel are generally acceptable (e.g., D1586, D1587, D3550, D4700, D5784, D5875, D5876, D6151, D6282, and D6286). Drilling methods that use drilling fluids (liquids or air) should be avoided because they are more susceptible to cross-contamination (See Section 5.1.6).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining soils from core barrel samplers for chemical and physical analysis, with an emphasis on the collection and handling procedures that maintain the representativeness of the chemical contaminants of concern. Core barrel samplers are initially empty (hollow) until they are pushed into the ground to collect and retrieve a cylindrical soil sample with minimal disturbance. The selection of equipment and the sample handling procedures are dependent on the soil properties, the depth of sampling, and the general properties of the chemical contaminants of concern, that is, volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds, and inorganic constituents. The sampling procedures described are designed to maintain representative concentrations of the contaminants regardless of their physical state(s), that is, solid, liquid or gas.
1.2 Four general types of core barrel samplers are discussed in this practice: split-barrel, ring-lined barrel, thin-walled tube, and solid-barrel samplers.
1.3 This document does not cover all the core barrel devices that are available for the collection of soil samples.  
1.4 The procedures described may or may not be applicable to handling of samples for assessing certain geotechnical properties, for example, soil porosity.
Note 1—Prior to commencement of any intrusive exploration, the site should be checked for underground utilities.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Bucket augers are relatively inexpensive, readily available, available in different types depending on the media to be sampled, and most can be easily operated by one person. They collect a reasonably cylindrical but disturbed sample of surface or subsurface soil or waste. They are generally not suited for sampling gravelly or coarser soil and are unsuitable for sampling rock.
Bucket augers are commonly used equipment because they are inexpensive to operate, especially compared to powered equipment (that is, direct push and drill rigs). When evaluated against screw augers, bucket augers generally collect larger samples with less chance of mixing with soil from shallow depths because the sample is retained within the auger barrel. Bucket augers are commonly used to depths of 3 m but have been used to much greater depths depending upon the soil or waste characteristics. The sampling depth is limited by the force required to rotate the auger and the depth at which the borehole collapses (unless bore casings or liners are used).
Bucket augers may not be suitable for the collection of samples for determination of volatile organic compounds because the sample is disturbed during the collection process, which may lead to losses resulting in a chemically unrepresentative sample.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedures and equipment used to collect surface and subsurface soil and contaminated media samples for chemical analysis using a hand-operated bucket auger (hereafter referred to as a bucket auger; sometimes referred to as a barrel auger). Several types of bucket augers exist and are designed for sampling various types of soil. All bucket augers collect disturbed samples, but bucket augers can also be used to auger to the desired sampling depth and then, using a core-type sampler, collect a relatively undisturbed sample.
1.2 This practice does not cover the use of large (12-in. or greater diameter) bucket augers mechanically operated by large drill rigs or similar equipment, such as those described in Practice D1452, section 3.2.4.
1.3 The term bucket auger is used to differentiate this type of hand operated auger from others of the solid or hollow stem types that are also hand held or operated.
1.4 This practice does not address sampling objectives (see Practice D5792), general sample planning (see Guide D4687), sampling design (for example, where to collect samples and what depth to sample [see Guide D6044]), sampling for volatile organic compounds (see Guide D4547), equipment cleaning and decontamination (see Practice D5088), sample handling after collection such as compositing and subsampling (see Guide D6051), and sample preservation. For information on other types of augers, see Practice D1452 and Guide D4700.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is intended for use in the sampling of surface waters and other liquids.
Dipper equipment is uncomplicated in construction, simple to use, and relatively easy to decontaminate; however, this practice will not provide accurate results with multiphase liquids.
This practice is to be used by personnel acquiring samples.
The dipper is best used to take a  surface sample of liquid. No attempt should be made to take subsurface samples with a dipper because mixing and dilution will occur as the dipper is brought to the surface. Subsurface layers must be sampled using a device that can be closed prior to bringing it to the surface (for example, a COLIWASA, tube sampler, or bottle sampler).
The dipper is not appropriate for sampling multiphase liquids if quantitative characterization is needed.
When volatile organic analysis (VOA) will be performed, samples obtained with a dipper should be poured into an appropriate container (VOA vial) with minimal air contact and agitation.
This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D 4687, which covers sampling plans, safety, Quality Assurance (QA), preservation, decontamination, labeling, and chain-of-custody procedures, also Practice D 5088, which covers decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites. Other documents pertinent to this practice are EPA-600/2-80-018 and EPA-600/4-84-076.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure and equipment for taking surface samples of water or other liquids using a dipper. A pond sampler or dipper with extension handle allows the operator to sample streams, ponds, waste pits, and lagoons as far as 15 ft from the bank or other secure footing. The dipper is useful in filling a sample bottle without contaminating the outside of the bottle.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Sampling at specified depth(s) within a liquid may be needed to confirm or rule out variations within a target population. This practice describes the design and operation of commercially available grab and discrete depth samplers for persons responsible for designing or implementing sampling programs, or both.
These sampling devices are used for sampling liquids in tanks, ponds, impoundments, and other open bodies of water. Some may be used from the edge or bank of the sampling site, whereas some can only be used from a platform, boat, or bridge over the sampling site. Some of the devices described are suitable for sampling slurries and sludges as well as aqueous and other liquids with few or no suspended solids.
Practice D 5743 provides guidance for sampling drums, tanks, or similar containers.
This practice does not address general guidelines for planning waste sampling activities (Guide D 4687), development of data quality objectives (Practice D 5792), the design of monitoring systems and determination of the number of samples to collect (Practice D 6311), in situ measurement of parameters of interest, data assessment and statistical interpretation of resultant data (Guide D 6233), sample preservation, sampling and field quality assurance (Guide D 5612), or the selection of sampling locations or obtaining a representative sample (Guide D 6044).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes sampling devices and procedures for collecting samples of liquids or sludges, or both, whose upper surface can be accessed by the suitable device. These devices may be used to sample tanks that have an appropriately sized and located sampling port.
1.2 This practice describes and discusses the advantages and limitations of the following commonly used equipment, some of which can be used for both grab and discrete depth sampling: dipper, liquid grab sampler, swing jar sampler, Bacon Bomb, Kemmerer sampler, Discrete Level sampler, liquid profiler, lidded sludge/water sampler, peristaltic pump, and the Syringe sampler.
1.3 This practice provides instructions on the use of these samplers.
1.4 This practice does not address sampling devices for collecting ground water.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is intended for use in collecting samples of contaminated soils and similar materials.
Scoops are used primarily for collecting samples near the surface. Subsurface samples can be obtained by first removing higher layers using a shovel or other suitable equipment and collecting the sample with the scoop.
Because of their simplicity, scoops are useful in taking samples of waste materials where decontamination or disposal is a problem with other types of sampling equipment. Scoops are also suitable for use in rapid screening programs, pilot studies, and other semi-quantitative investigations.
Samples should be collected in accordance with an appropriate work plan (see Practice D 5283 and Guide D 4687).
SCOPE
1.1 This procedure covers the method and equipment used to collect surface and near-surface samples of soils and physically similar materials using a scoop.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is applicable to sampling soils and similar fine-grained cohesive materials. This practice is to be used by personnel who are to acquire the samples.
This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D 4687, which covers sampling plans, safety, quality assurance, preservation, decontamination, labeling, and chain-of-custody procedures; Practice D 5088, which covers the decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites; and Practice D 5283, which covers project specifications and practices for environmental field operations.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling using a trier. A trier resembles an elongated scoop as shown in Fig. 1. The trier is used to collect samples of granular or powdered materials that are moist or sticky and have a particle diameter less than one-half the diameter of the trier.
1.2 The trier can be used as a vertical coring device only when it is certain that a relatively complete and cylindrical sample can be extracted.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
FIG. 1 Triers (Typical)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Sampling at specified depth(s) within a liquid may be needed to confirm or rule out variations within a target population. This practice describes the design and operation of commercially available grab and discrete depth samplers for persons responsible for designing or implementing sampling programs, or both.
These sampling devices are used for sampling liquids in tanks, ponds, impoundments, and other open bodies of water. Some may be used from the edge or bank of the sampling site, whereas some can only be used from a platform, boat, or bridge over the sampling site. Some of the devices described are suitable for sampling slurries and sludges as well as aqueous and other liquids with few or no suspended solids.
Practice D 5743 provides guidance for sampling drums, tanks, or similar containers.
This practice does not address general guidelines for planning waste sampling activities (Guide D 4687), development of data quality objectives (Practice D 5792), the design of monitoring systems and determination of the number of samples to collect (Practice D 6311), in situ measurement of parameters of interest, data assessment and statistical interpretation of resultant data (Guide D 6233), sample preservation, sampling and field quality assurance (Guide D 5612), or the selection of sampling locations or obtaining a representative sample (Guide D 6044).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes sampling devices and procedures for collecting samples of liquids or sludges, or both, whose upper surface can be accessed by the suitable device. These devices may be used to sample tanks that have an appropriately sized and located sampling port.
1.2 This practice describes and discusses the advantages and limitations of the following commonly used equipment, some of which can be used for both grab and discrete depth sampling: dipper, liquid grab sampler, swing jar sampler, Bacon Bomb, Kemmerer sampler, Discrete Level sampler, liquid profiler, lidded sludge/water sampler, peristaltic pump, and the Syringe sampler.
1.3 This practice provides instructions on the use of these samplers.
1.4 This practice does not address sampling devices for collecting ground water.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is applicable to sampling liquid wastes and other stratified liquids. The COLIWASA is used to obtain a vertical column of liquid representing an accurate cross-section of the sampled material. To obtain a representative sample of stratified liquids, the COLIWASA should be open at both ends so that material flows through it as it is slowly lowered to the desired sampling depth. The COLIWASA must not be lowered with the stopper in place. Opening the stopper after the tube is submerged will cause material to flow in from the bottom layer only, resulting in gross over-representation of that layer.
This practice is to be used by personnel acquiring samples.
This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687 which covers sampling plans, safety, QA, preservation, decontamination, labeling and chain-of-custody procedures; Practice D5088 which covers decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites; Practice D5283 which covers project specifications and practices for environmental field operations, and Practice D5743 which covers drum sampling..
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for sampling liquids with the composite liquid waste sampler, or “COLIWASA.” The COLIWASA is an appropriate device for obtaining a representative sample from stratified or unstratified liquids. Its most common use is for sampling containerized liquids, such as tanks, barrels, and drums. It may also be used for pools and other open bodies of stagnant liquid.
Note 1—A limitation of the COLIWASA is that the stopper mechanism may not allow collection of approximately the bottom inch of material, depending on construction of the stopper.  
1.2 The COLIWASA should not be used to sample flowing or moving liquids.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice can be used in sampling drums, tanks, and similar containers and in sampling monitoring and waste wells including small diameter (1 in.) wells. The pump can collect samples from multiple depths. The samples can be high-viscosity fluids, aggressive and corrosive fluids, high-purity solutions and abrasive fluids. The pump can be used to mix samples (see D 6063).
Peristaltic pumps use a vacuum to transport the samples. This vacuum may cause some degassing and loss of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the sample. When precise quantitative data for VOCs and dissolved gases are not required, peristaltic pumps may be used.
The pump is self-priming, runs dry without damage, and is completely isolated from the pumped fluid. A sample can be taken on the intake or discharge side of the pump.  
Some additional advantages of the peristaltic pump are: decontamination of the pump motor is not necessary and the tubing in the pump is disposable and easy to replace. The pumps can be easily started and stopped and can pump fluids at a wide range of pressures and flow rates.
The place, quality and quantity, frequency, and time of sampling is dependent upon the decisions that are to be made (see D 6250), sampling design (see D 6311), the sample, the heterogeneity of the samples (see D 5956), how representative the sample is (see D 6044), and the parameters to be tested as determined by the data quality objectives (DQOs) (see D 5792).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the use of a peristaltic pump for sampling liquids from multiple depths. It is applicable for a wide range of fluids including: high-viscosity fluids, aggressive and corrosive fluids, high-purity solutions and abrasive fluids. It is especially useful for sampling liquids that require complete isolation from the pump.
1.2 This practice includes the determination of sample depth, pump set up and collecting a sample to be analyzed.
1.3 This practice is not intended to give detailed instructions for running a peristaltic pump or recommend which peristaltic pump to purchase. It instructs the field personnel how to connect the pump and collect a sample.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
A bailer is a device for obtaining a sample from stratified or un-stratified waters and liquid wastes. The most common use of a bailer is for sampling ground water from single-screened wells (Fig. 1) and well clusters (see Guide D 4448).
This practice is applicable to sampling water and liquid wastes. The sampling procedure will depend on sampling plan and the data quality objectives (DQOs) (Practice D 5792).
Bailers may be used to purge ground water wells prior to sampling, but bailers are poor devices for removing large volumes of water.
Bailers may be used to sample waters and liquid wastes in underground and above ground tanks and surface impoundments. However, the design of the unit and associated piping should be well understood so that the bailer can access the desired compartment and depth. Any stratification of the liquid should be identified prior to sampling.
Note 1—Viscous liquids and suspended solids may interfere with a bailer’designed operation.
Bailers do not subject the sample to pressure extremes. Bailing does disturb the water column and may cause changes to the parameters to be measured (for example, turbidity, gases, etc.).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedure for sampling stratified or un-stratified waters and liquid waste using bailers.
1.2 Three specific bailers are discussed in this practice. The bailers are the single and double check valve and differential pressure.
1.3 This standard does not cover all of the bailing devices available to the user. The bailers chosen for this practice are typical of those commercially available.
1.4 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D 4687, Practice D 5088, and Practice D 5283.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of automatic wastewater samplers including procedures for their use in obtaining representative samples. Automatic wastewater samplers are intended for the unattended collection of samples that are representative of the parameters of interest in the wastewater body. While this guide primarily addresses the sampling of wastewater, the same automatic samplers may be used to sample process streams and natural water bodies.
1.2 The guide does not address general guidelines for planning waste sampling activities (see Guide D 4687), development of data quality objectives (see Practice D 5792), the design of monitoring systems and determination of the number of samples to collect (see Practice D 6311), operational details of any specific type of sampler, in-situ measurement of parameters of interest, data assessment and statistical interpretation of resultant data (see Guide D 6233), or sampling and field quality assurance (see Guide D 5612). It also does not address sampling groundwater.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of automatic wastewater samplers including procedures for their use in obtaining representative samples. Automatic wastewater samplers are intended for the unattended collection of samples that are representative of the parameters of interest in the wastewater body. While this guide primarily addresses the sampling of wastewater, the same automatic samplers may be used to sample process streams and natural water bodies.
1.2 The guide does not address general guidelines for planning waste sampling activities (see Guide D 4687), development of data quality objectives (see Practice D 5792), the design of monitoring systems and determination of the number of samples to collect (see Practice D 6311), operational details of any specific type of sampler, in-situ measurement of parameters of interest, data assessment and statistical interpretation of resultant data (see Guide D 6233), or sampling and field quality assurance (see Guide D 5612). It also does not address sampling groundwater.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Often during environmental investigations, soils are analyzed after being collected from the surface, the vadose zone (D 653) and sometimes from below the ground water table to identify and quantify the presence of a chemical contaminant. A contaminant is a substance that is typically hazardous and either is not normally present or that occurs naturally but is of an uncharacteristically high concentration (D 4687). A three-dimensional spatial array of samples can often provide information as to the source and route(s) of migration of the contaminant. The resultant information is used to direct remedial and corrective actions or can be used for monitoring purposes. Obtaining a soil sample with a core barrel sampler involves driving this device into the ground and then retrieving it for sample processing. Several methods for advancing a core barrel are generally acceptable (e.g., D 1586, D 1587, D 3550, D 4700, D 5784, D 5875, D 5876, D 6151, D 6282, and D 6286). Drilling methods that use drilling fluids (liquids or air) should be avoided because they are more susceptible to cross-contamination (See section 5.1.6).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining soils from core barrel samplers for chemical and physical analysis, with an emphasis on the collection and handling procedures that maintain the representativeness of the chemical contaminants of concern. Core barrel samplers are initially empty (hollow) until they are pushed into the ground to collect and retrieve a cylindrical soil sample with minimal disturbance. The selection of equipment and the sample handling procedures are dependent on the soil properties, the depth of sampling, and the general properties of the chemical contaminants of concern, that is, volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds, and inorganic constituents. The sampling procedures described are designed to maintain representative concentrations of the contaminants regardless of their physical state(s), that is, solid, liquid or gas.
1.2 Four general types of core barrel samplers are discussed in this practice: split-barrel, ring-lined barrel, thin-walled tube, and solid-barrel samplers.
1.3 This document does not cover all the core barrel devices that are available for the collection of soil samples.
1.4 The procedures described may or may not be applicable to handling of samples for assessing certain geotechnical properties, for example, soil porosity.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Bucket augers are relatively inexpensive, readily available, available in different types depending on the media to be sampled, and most can be easily operated by one person. They collect a reasonably cylindrical but disturbed sample of surface or subsurface soil or waste. They are generally not suited for sampling gravelly or coarser soil and are unsuitable for sampling rock.
Bucket augers are commonly used equipment because they are inexpensive to operate, especially compared to powered equipment (that is, direct push and drill rigs). When evaluated against screw augers, bucket augers generally collect larger samples with less chance of mixing with soil from shallow depths because the sample is retained within the auger barrel. Bucket augers are commonly used to depths of 3 m but have been used to much greater depths depending upon the soil or waste characteristics. The sampling depth is limited by the force required to rotate the auger and the depth at which the borehole collapses (unless bore casings or liners are used).
Bucket augers may not be suitable for the collection of samples for determination of volatile organic compounds because the sample is disturbed during the collection process, which may lead to losses resulting in a chemically unrepresentative sample.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedures and equipment used to collect surface and subsurface soil and contaminated media samples for chemical analysis using a hand-operated bucket auger (hereafter referred to as a bucket auger; sometimes referred to as a barrel auger). Several types of bucket augers exist and are designed for sampling various types of soil. All bucket augers collect disturbed samples, but bucket augers can also be used to auger to the desired sampling depth and then, using a core-type sampler, collect a relatively undisturbed sample.
1.2 This practice does not cover the use of large (12-in. or greater diameter) bucket augers mechanically operated by large drill rigs or similar equipment, such as those described in Practice D 1452, section 3.2.4.
1.3 The term bucket auger is used to differentiate this type of hand operated auger from others of the solid or hollow stem types that are also hand held or operated.
1.4 This practice does not address sampling objectives (see Practice D 5792), general sample planning (see Guide D 4687), sampling design (for example, where to collect samples and what depth to sample [see Guide D 6044]), sampling for volatile organic compounds (see Guide D 4547), equipment cleaning and decontamination (see Practice D 5088), sample handling after collection such as compositing and subsampling (see Guide D 6051), and sample preservation. For information on other types of augers, see Practice D 1452 and Guide D 4700.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is applicable to sampling soils and similar fine-grained cohesive materials. This practice is to be used by personnel who are to acquire the samples.
This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D 4687, which covers sampling plans, safety, quality assurance, preservation, decontamination, labeling, and chain-of-custody procedures; Practice D 5088, which covers the decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites; and Practice D 5283, which covers project specifications and practices for environmental field operations.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling using a trier. A trier resembles an elongated scoop as shown in Fig. 1. The trier is used to collect samples of granular or powdered materials that are moist or sticky and have a particle diameter less than one-half the diameter of the trier.
1.2 The trier can be used as a vertical coring device only when it is certain that a relatively complete and cylindrical sample can be extracted.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is intended for use in collecting samples of contaminated soils and similar materials.
Scoops are used primarily for collecting samples near the surface. Subsurface samples can be obtained by first removing higher layers using a shovel or other suitable equipment and collecting the sample with the scoop.
Because of their simplicity, scoops are useful in taking samples of waste materials where decontamination or disposal is a problem with other types of sampling equipment. Scoops are also suitable for use in rapid screening programs, pilot studies, and other semi-quantitative investigations.
Samples should be collected in accordance with an appropriate work plan (see Practice D 5283 and Guide D 4687).
SCOPE
1.1 This procedure covers the method and equipment used to collect surface and near-surface samples of soils and physically similar materials using a scoop.  
1.2  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended for application to soils that may contain volatile waste constituents.
1.2 This practice provides a procedure for using the disposable En Core sampler to collect and store a soil sample for volatile organic analysis.
1.3 It is recommended that this standard be used in conjunction with Practice D 4547 and Guide D 4687.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—ASTM takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for sampling liquids with the composite liquid waste sampler, or "COLIWASA." The COLIWASA is an appropriate device for obtaining a representative sample from stratified or unstratified liquids. Its most common use is for sampling containerized liquids, such as tanks, barrels, and drums. It may also be used for pools and other open bodies of stagnant liquid.
Note 1—A limitation of the COLIWASA is that the stopper mechanism may not allow collection of approximately the bottom inch of material, depending on construction of the stopper.
1.2 The COLIWASA should not be used to sample flowing or moving liquids.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended for application to soils that may contain volatile waste constituents.
1.2 This practice provides a procedure for using the disposable En Core sampler to collect and store a soil sample for volatile organic analysis.
1.3 It is recommended that this standard be used in conjunction with Practice D 4547 and Guide D 4687.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—ASTM takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes sampling devices and procedures for collecting samples of liquids or sludges, or both, whose upper surface can be accessed by the suitable device. These devices may be used to sample tanks that have an appropriately sized and located sampling port.
1.2 This practice describes and discusses the advantages and limitations of the following commonly used equipment, some of which can be used for both grab and discrete depth sampling: dipper, liquid grab sampler, swing jar sampler, Bacon Bomb, Kemmerer sampler, Discrete Level sampler, liquid profiler, lidded sludge/water sampler, peristaltic pump, and the Syringe sampler.
1.3 This practice provides instructions on the use of these samplers.
1.4 This practice does not address sampling devices for collecting ground water.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedure for sampling stratified or un-stratified waters and liquid waste using bailers.
1.2 Three specific bailers are discussed in this practice. The bailers are the single and double check valve and differential pressure.
1.3 This standard does not cover all of the bailing devices available to the user. The bailers chosen for this practice are typical of those commercially available.
1.4 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687, Practice D5088, and Practice D5283.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended for application to soils that may contain volatile waste constituents.
1.2 This practice provides a procedure for using the disposable En Core sampler to collect and store a soil sample for volatile organic analysis.
1.3 It is recommended that this standard be used in conjunction with Practice D 4547 and Guide D 4687.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—ASTM takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended for application to soils that may contain volatile waste constituents.
1.2 This practice provides a procedure for using the disposable En Core sampler to collect and store a soil sample for volatile organic analysis.
1.3 It is recommended that this standard be used in conjunction with Practice D 4547 and Guide D 4687.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—ASTM takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining soils from core barrel samplers for chemical and physical analysis, with an emphasis on the collection and handling procedures that maintain the representativeness of the chemical contaminants of concern. Core barrel samplers are initially empty (hollow) until they are pushed into the ground to collect and retrieve a cylindrical soil sample with minimal disturbance. The selection of equipment and the sample handling procedures are dependent on the soil properties, the depth of sampling, and the general properties of the chemical contaminants of concern, that is, volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds, and inorganic constituents. The sampling procedures described are designed to maintain representative concentrations of the contaminants regardless of their physical state(s), that is, solid, liquid or gas.
1.2 Four general types of core barrel samplers are discussed in this practice: split-barrel, ring-lined barrel, thin-walled tube, and solid-barrel samplers.
1.3 This document does not cover all the core barrel devices that are available for the collection of soil samples.
1.4 The procedures described may or may not be applicable to handling of samples for assessing certain geotechnical properties, for example, soil porosity.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for sampling liquids with the composite liquid waste sampler, or "COLIWASA." The COLIWASA is an appropriate device for obtaining a representative sample from stratified or unstratified liquids. Its most common use is for sampling containerized liquids, such as tanks, barrels, and drums. It may also be used for pools and other open bodies of stagnant liquid.
Note 1--A limitation of the COLIWASA is that the stopper mechanism may not allow collection of approximately the bottom inch of material, depending on construction of the stopper.
1.2 The COLIWASA should not be used to sample flowing or moving liquids.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling using a trier. A trier resembles an elongated scoop as shown in Fig. 1. The trier is used to collect samples of granular or powdered materials that are moist or sticky and have a particle diameter less than one-half the diameter of the trier.
1.2 The trier can be used as a vertical coring device only when it is certain that a relatively complete and cylindrical sample can be extracted.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for sampling liquids with the composite liquid waste sampler, or "COLIWASA." The COLIWASA is an appropriate device for obtaining a representative sample from stratified or unstratified liquids. Its most common use is for sampling containerized liquids, such as tanks, barrels, and drums. It may also be used for pools and other open bodies of stagnant liquid.
Note 1--A limitation of the COLIWASA is that the stopper mechanism may not allow collection of approximately the bottom inch of material, depending on construction of the stopper.
1.2 The COLIWASA should not be used to sample flowing or moving liquids.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.