ASTM D6855-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Turbidity Below 5 NTU in Static Mode
Standard Test Method for Determination of Turbidity Below 5 NTU in Static Mode
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Turbidity is undesirable in drinking water, plant effluent waters, water for food and beverage processing, and for a large number of other water-dependent manufacturing processes. Removal is often accomplished by coagulation, settling, and filtration. Measurement of turbidity provides a rapid means of process control for when, how, and to what extent the water must be treated to meet specifications.
5.2 This test method is suitable to turbidity such as that found in drinking water, process water, and high purity industrial water.
5.3 When reporting the measured result, appropriate units should also be reported. The units are reflective of the technology used to generate the result, and if necessary, provide more adequate comparison to historical data sets.
5.3.1 Table 1 describes technologies and reporting results (see also Refs (1-3)6). Those technologies listed are appropriate for the range of measurement prescribed in this test method. Others may come available in the future. Fig. X5.1 provides a flow chart to aid in selection of the appropriate technology for low-level static turbidity applications.
5.3.2 If a design that falls outside of the criteria listed in Table 1 is used, the turbidity should be reported in turbidity units (TU) with a subscripted wavelength value to characterize the light source that was used.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the static determination of turbidity in water (see 4.1).
1.2 This test method is applicable to the measurement of turbidities under 5.0 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU).
1.3 This test method was tested on municipal drinking water, ultra-pure water, and low turbidity samples. It is the users responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for waters of untested matrices.
1.4 This test method uses calibration standards are defined in NTU values, but other assigned turbidity units are assumed to be equivalent.
1.5 This test method assigns traceable reporting units to the type of respective technology that was used to perform the measurement. Units are numerically equivalent with respect to the calibration standard. For example, a 1.0 NTU formazin standard is also equal to a 1.0 FNU standard, a 1.0 FNRU standard, and so forth.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Refer to the MSDSs for all chemicals used in this test method.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6855 − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Determination of Turbidity Below 5 NTU in Static Mode
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6855; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the static determination of
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
turbidity in water (see 4.1).
D1192 Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steam
3
1.2 This test method is applicable to the measurement of
in Closed Conduits (Withdrawn 2003)
turbidities under 5.0 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU).
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
1.3 This test method was tested on municipal drinking
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
water, ultra-pure water, and low turbidity samples. It is the
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
usersresponsibilitytoensurethevalidityofthistestmethodfor
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
waters of untested matrices.
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
1.4 This test method uses calibration standards are defined D7315 Test Method for Determination of TurbidityAbove 1
in NTU values, but other assigned turbidity units are assumed Turbidity Unit (TU) in Static Mode
to be equivalent. E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.5 This test method assigns traceable reporting units to the
2.2 Other Referenced Standards:
type of respective technology that was used to perform the
U.S. EPA Method 180.1 Methods for Chemical Analysis of
measurement. Units are numerically equivalent with respect to
4
Water and Wastes, Turbidity
the calibration standard. For example, a 1.0 NTU formazin
ISO 7027 Water Quality—for the Determination of Turbid-
standard is also equal to a 1.0 FNU standard, a 1.0 FNRU
5
ity
standard, and so forth.
3. Terminology
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 Definitions:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Terminology D1129.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Refer to the MSDSs for all chemicals used in this test method.
3.2.1 calibration turbidity standard, n—a turbidity standard
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
that is traceable and equivalent to the reference turbidity
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
standard to within statistical errors.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Calibration turbidity standards include
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
commercially prepared 4000 NTU formazin, stabilized for-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
mazin (see 9.2.3), and styrenedivinylbenzene (SDVB) (see
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org.
1 4
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water AvailablefromUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA),William
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments, Jefferson Clinton Bldg., 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460,
Geomorphology, and Open-Channel Flow. http://www.epa.gov.
5
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published November 2017. Originally Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6855 – 12. DOI: Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,
10.1520/D6855-17. Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6855 − 17
9.
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6855 − 12 D6855 − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Determination of Turbidity Below 5 NTU in Static Mode
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6855; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the static determination of turbidity in water (see 4.1).
1.2 This test method is applicable to the measurement of turbidities under 5.0 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU).
1.3 This test method was tested on municipal drinking water, ultra-pure water, and low turbidity samples. It is the user’susers
responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for waters of untested matrices.
1.4 This test method uses calibration standards are defined in NTU values, but other assigned turbidity units are assumed to be
equivalent.
1.5 This test method assigns traceable reporting units to the type of respective technology that was used to perform the
measurement. Units are numerically equivalent with respect to the calibration standard. For example, a 1.0 NTU formazin standard
is also equal to a 1.0 FNU standard, a 1.0 FNRU standard, and so forth.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Refer to the MSDSs for all chemicals used in this procedure.test method.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
3
D1192 Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steam in Closed Conduits (Withdrawn 2003)
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
D7315 Test Method for Determination of Turbidity Above 1 Turbidity Unit (TU) in Static Mode
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
2.2 Other Referenced Standards:
4
USEPA U.S. EPA Method 180.1 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, Turbidity
5
ISO 7027 (The International Organization for Standardization) Water Quality—for the Determination of Turbidity
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions: For definitions of terms used in this method refer to Terminology D1129.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology D1129.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments, Geomorphology,
and Open-Channel Flow.
Current edition approved June 1, 2012Nov. 1, 2017. Published June 2012November 2017. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 20102012 as
D6855 – 10.D6855 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/D6855-12.10.1520/D6855-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from United States Environmental Protection Association (EPA), Ariel Rios Agency (EPA), William Jefferson Clinton Bldg., 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW,
Washington, DC 20460.20460, http://www.epa.gov.
5
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoh
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6855 − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Determination of Turbidity Below 5 NTU in Static Mode
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6855; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the static determination of
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
turbidity in water (see 4.1).
D1192 Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steam
3
1.2 This test method is applicable to the measurement of
in Closed Conduits (Withdrawn 2003)
turbidities under 5.0 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU).
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
1.3 This test method was tested on municipal drinking
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
water, ultra-pure water, and low turbidity samples. It is the
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
users responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
waters of untested matrices.
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
1.4 This test method uses calibration standards are defined
D7315 Test Method for Determination of Turbidity Above 1
in NTU values, but other assigned turbidity units are assumed Turbidity Unit (TU) in Static Mode
to be equivalent. E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.5 This test method assigns traceable reporting units to the
2.2 Other Referenced Standards:
type of respective technology that was used to perform the
U.S. EPA Method 180.1 Methods for Chemical Analysis of
measurement. Units are numerically equivalent with respect to
4
Water and Wastes, Turbidity
the calibration standard. For example, a 1.0 NTU formazin
ISO 7027 Water Quality—for the Determination of Turbid-
standard is also equal to a 1.0 FNU standard, a 1.0 FNRU
5
ity
standard, and so forth.
3. Terminology
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 Definitions:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- Terminology D1129.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Refer to the MSDSs for all chemicals used in this test method.
3.2.1 calibration turbidity standard, n—a turbidity standard
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
that is traceable and equivalent to the reference turbidity
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
standard to within statistical errors.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Calibration turbidity standards include
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
commercially prepared 4000 NTU formazin, stabilized for-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
mazin (see 9.2.3), and styrenedivinylbenzene (SDVB) (see
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org.
1 4
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water Available from United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), William
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments, Jefferson Clinton Bldg., 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460,
Geomorphology, and Open-Channel Flow. http://www.epa.gov.
5
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published November 2017. Originally Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6855 – 12. DOI: Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,
10.1520/D6855-17. Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6855 − 17
9.2.4). These standards may be used to calibrate the instrument. related to the size, shape, and composition of the particles in
Cal
...
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