ASTM D2880-13
(Specification)Standard Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
Standard Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the selection of fuels for gas turbines, excepting gas turbines used in aircraft, for the guidance of interested parties such as turbine manufacturers and the suppliers and purchasers of fuel oils. The specification sets forth the properties of fuels at the time and place of custody transfer to the user. The fuels shall be homogeneous mixtures of hydrocarbon oils free of inorganic acid, and free of excessive amounts of solid or fibrous foreign matter likely to make frequent cleaning of suitable strainers necessary. All grades containing residual components shall remain homogeneous in normal storage and not separated by gravity into light and heavy oil components outside the viscosity limits for the grade. The following test methods shall be performed to determine certain properties: flash point test, pour point test, water and sediment test, carbon residue test, ash test, distillation test, viscosity test, density test, and sulfur test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the selection of fuels for gas turbines, excepting gas turbines used in aircraft, for the guidance of interested parties such as turbine manufacturers and the suppliers and purchasers of fuel oils. The specification sets forth the properties of fuels at the time and place of custody transfer to the user.
1.2 Three appendixes are provided for informational purposes only and do not constitute a requirement of this specification unless mutually agreed upon between the interested parties.
1.2.1 Appendix X1 describes the five grades of gas turbine fuels covered by this specification. Further, it states the significance of various test methods used in inspecting the fuels.
1.2.2 Appendix X2 discusses the sources of fuel contaminants and notes the significance of such contaminants in the operation of gas turbines and gas turbine fuel systems. The particular significance of trace metals in gas turbine fuels is noted. Upper limits of trace metals are recommended for the various grades of gas turbine fuels, but these recommended limits do not constitute a requirement of the specification unless mutually agreed upon by the interested parties. Limitations due to the use of used or recycled oil are also noted. Note 1—The gas turbine operator should consult Practice D4418 for methods of ensuring fuels of adequate cleanliness and for guidance on long-term storage of distillate fuels and on liquids from non-petroleum sources as gas turbine.Note 2—Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which may be more restrictive.Note 3—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate gas turbine fuel oils. For more information on the subject, see Guide D4865.
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Designation:D2880 −13
StandardSpecification for
1
Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2880; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This specification covers the selection of fuels for gas 2.1 ASTM Standards:
turbines, excepting gas turbines used in aircraft, for the D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
guidance of interested parties such as turbine manufacturers D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
and the suppliers and purchasers of fuel oils. The specification Atmospheric Pressure
sets forth the properties of fuels at the time and place of D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
custody transfer to the user. Closed Cup Tester
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
1.2 Three appendixes are provided for informational pur-
D129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Gen-
poses only and do not constitute a requirement of this specifi-
eral High Pressure Decomposition Device Method)
cation unless mutually agreed upon between the interested
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
parties.
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
1.2.1 Appendix X1 describes the five grades of gas turbine
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
fuels covered by this specification. Further, it states the
ity)
significance of various test methods used in inspecting the
D482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
fuels.
D524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of
1.2.2 Appendix X2 discusses the sources of fuel contami-
Petroleum Products
nants and notes the significance of such contaminants in the
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
operation of gas turbines and gas turbine fuel systems. The
D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp
particular significance of trace metals in gas turbine fuels is
Method)
noted. Upper limits of trace metals are recommended for the
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
various grades of gas turbine fuels, but these recommended
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
limits do not constitute a requirement of the specification
ucts by Hydrometer Method
unless mutually agreed upon by the interested parties. Limita-
D1552 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (High-
tions due to the use of used or recycled oil are also noted.
Temperature Method)
NOTE 1—The gas turbine operator should consult Practice D4418 for
D1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by
methods of ensuring fuels of adequate cleanliness and for guidance on
the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
long-term storage of distillate fuels and on liquids from non-petroleum
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
sources as gas turbine.
Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
NOTE 2—Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of
federal, state, or local regulations which may be more restrictive.
D2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle
NOTE 3—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create
Distillate Fuels by Centrifuge
problems in the handling of distillate gas turbine fuel oils. For more
D3605 Test Method for Trace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuels
information on the subject, see Guide D4865.
by Atomic Absorption and Flame Emission Spectroscopy
D3828 Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed
Cup Tester
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
D02.E0 on Burner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and Marine Fuels. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2013. Published May 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D2880 – 03 (2010). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D2880-13. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2880−13
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API excessive amounts of solid or fibrous foreign matter likely to
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2880 − 03 (Reapproved 2010) D2880 − 13
Standard Specification for
1
Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2880; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This specification covers the selection of fuels for gas turbines, excepting gas turbines used in aircraft, for the guidance of
interested parties such as turbine manufacturers and the suppliers and purchasers of fuel oils. The specification sets forth the
properties of fuels at the time and place of custody transfer to the user.
1.2 Three appendixes are provided for informational purposes only and do not constitute a requirement of this specification
unless mutually agreed upon between the interested parties.
1.2.1 Appendix X1 describes the five grades of gas turbine fuels covered by this specification. Further, it states the significance
of various test methods used in inspecting the fuels.
1.2.2 Appendix X2 discusses the sources of fuel contaminants and notes the significance of such contaminants in the operation
of gas turbines and gas turbine fuel systems. The particular significance of trace metals in gas turbine fuels is noted. Upper limits
of trace metals are recommended for the various grades of gas turbine fuels, but these recommended limits do not constitute a
requirement of the specification unless mutually agreed upon by the interested parties. Limitations due to the use of used or
recycled oil are also noted.
NOTE 1—The gas turbine operator should consult Practice D4418 for methods of ensuring fuels of adequate cleanliness and for guidance on long-term
storage of distillate fuels and on liquids from non-petroleum sources as gas turbine.
NOTE 2—Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which may be more restrictive.
NOTE 3—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate gas turbine fuel oils. For more information
on the subject, see Guide D4865.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (General High Pressure Decomposition Device Method)
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
D524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method)
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D1552 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (High-Temperature Method)
D1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.E0 on
Burner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and Marine Fuels.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010May 1, 2013. Published November 2010May 2013. Originally approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 20032010 as
D2880D2880 – 03 (2010).–03. DOI: 10.1520/D2880-03R10.10.1520/D2880-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2880 − 13
D2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle Distilla
...
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