ASTM C452-21
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Potential Expansion of Portland-Cement Mortars Exposed to Sulfate
Standard Test Method for Potential Expansion of Portland-Cement Mortars Exposed to Sulfate
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used primarily by those interested in research on methods for determining the potential sulfate resistance of portland cement. This test method is also used to establish that a sulfate-resisting portland cement meets the performance requirements of Specification C150/C150M.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method, which is applicable only to portland cements, covers the determination of the expansion of mortar bars made from a mixture of portland cement and gypsum in such proportions that the mixture has a sulfur trioxide (SO3) content of 7.0 mass %.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Values in SI units [or inch-pound units] shall be obtained by measurement in SI units [or inch pound units] or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversion and Rounding given in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurements made in other units (or SI units). Values are stated in only SI units when inch-pound units are not used in practice.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)2
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C452 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Potential Expansion of Portland-Cement Mortars Exposed to
1
Sulfate
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C452; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This test method, which is applicable only to portland
2.1 ASTM Standards:
cements, covers the determination of the expansion of mortar
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
bars made from a mixture of portland cement and gypsum in
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube
such proportions that the mixture has a sulfur trioxide (SO )
3 Specimens)
content of 7.0 mass %.
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic and Other Inor-
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
ganic Cements
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
C230/C230M Specification for Flow Table for Use in Tests
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
of Hydraulic Cement
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
with the standard.Values in SI units [or inch-pound units] shall
C471M Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Gypsum and
be obtained by measurement in SI units [or inch pound units]
Gypsum Products (Metric)z
or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversion
C490/C490M Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Deter-
and Rounding given in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurements
made in other units (or SI units). Values are stated in only SI mination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste,
Mortar, and Concrete
units when inch-pound units are not used in practice.
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
C778 Specification for Standard Sand
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
C1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
DeterminingMassandVolumeforUseinPhysicalTesting
(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic
of Hydraulic Cements
and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon
2
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
prolonged exposure.)
IEEE/ASTM SI 10 Practice for Use of the International
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3. Terminology
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1 Definitions:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
to Terminology C219.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C01 on Cement
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.29 on Sulfate Resistance.
Current edition approved April 1, 2021. Published May 2021. Originally
ε1 3
approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as C452 – 19 . DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/C0452_C0452M-21. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Standards, Vol 04.01. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C452 − 21
4. Interferences where:
c =SO content of the portland cement, %,
4.1 This test method is not suitable for establishing the 3
g =SO content of the gypsum, %, and
sulfate resistance of blended hydraulic cements nor for com- 3
7.0 = SO content of the cement-gypsum mixture, %.
3
binations of portland cement and pozzolans or slag cement
(Note 1).
8.3 If the SO content
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: C452 − 19 C452 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Potential Expansion of Portland-Cement
1
Mortars Exposed to Sulfate
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C452; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Subsections 12.2.1 and 12.2.2 were editorially corrected in July 2019.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method, which is applicable only to portland cements, covers the determination of the expansion of mortar bars made
from a mixture of portland cement and gypsum in such proportions that the mixture has a sulfur trioxide (SO ) content of 7.0
3
mass %.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Values in SI units [or inch-pound units] shall be obtained by
measurement in SI units [or inch pound units] or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversion and Rounding given
in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurements made in other units (or SI units). Values are stated in only SI units when inch-pound units
are not used in practice.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns
2
to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)
Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged
2
exposure.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube Specimens)
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic and Other Inorganic Cements
C230/C230M Specification for Flow Table for Use in Tests of Hydraulic Cement
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.29 on Sulfate Resistance.
Current edition approved June 15, 2019April 1, 2021. Published July 2019May 2021. Originally approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 20152019 as
ε1
C452 – 15.C452 – 19 . DOI: 10.1520/C0452_C0452M-19E01.10.1520/C0452_C0452M-21.
2
Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C452 − 21
C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
C471M Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Gypsum and Gypsum Products (Metric)z
C490/C490M Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and
Concrete
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of Hydraulic
Cements and Concretes
C778 Specification for Standard Sand
C1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Mass and Volume for Use in Physical Testing of
Hydraulic Cements
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
IEEE/ASTM SI 10 Practice for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in thi
...
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