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ASTM D5681-98ae1

(Terminology)

Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management

Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains standard definitions of terms used in the general area of waste and waste management. It is intended to promote understanding by providing precise technical definitions of terms used in the standards developed by Committee D34 and its subcommittees.
1.2 Terms used only within an individual standard, and having a meaning unique to that standard, may be defined or explained in the terminology section of that individual standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jun-1998
ICS
01.040.13 - Environment. Health protection. Safety (Vocabularies)
13.030.99 - Other standards related to wastes
Technical Committee
D34 - Waste Management
Drafting Committee
D34.94 - Terminology
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5681-98a - Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
Effective Date
10-Jun-1998
Replaced By
ASTM D5681-98a(2004) - Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM D6323-19 - Standard Guide for Laboratory Subsampling of Media Related to Waste Management Activities
Effective Date
10-Jun-1998
Referred By
ASTM D6044-21 - Standard Guide for Representative Sampling for Management of Waste and Contaminated Media
Effective Date
10-Jun-1998
Referred By
ASTM D4982-20 - Standard Test Methods for Flammability Potential Screening Analysis of Waste
Effective Date
10-Jun-1998
Referred By
ASTM D6232-21 - Standard Guide for Selection of Sampling Equipment for Waste and Contaminated Media Data Collection Activities
Effective Date
10-Jun-1998
Referred By
ASTM E777-23 - Standard Test Method for Carbon and Hydrogen in the Analysis Sample of Refuse-Derived Fuel
Effective Date
10-Jun-1998
Referred By
ASTM D4547-20 - Standard Guide for Sampling Waste and Soils for Volatile Organic Compounds
Effective Date
10-Jun-1998
Referred By
ASTM D6759-16 - Standard Practice for Sampling Liquids Using Grab and Discrete Depth Samplers
Effective Date
10-Jun-1998
Referred By
ASTM D5495-21 - Standard Practice for Sampling with a Composite Liquid Waste Sampler (COLIWASA)
Effective Date
10-Jun-1998
Referred By
ASTM D5198-17 - Standard Practice for Nitric Acid Digestion of Solid Waste
Effective Date
10-Jun-1998
Referred By
ASTM D6640-21 - Standard Practice for Collection and Handling of Soils Obtained in Core Barrel Samplers for Environmental Investigations
Effective Date
10-Jun-1998
Referred By
ASTM D5232-19 - Standard Practice for Determining the Stability and Miscibility of a Solid, Semi-Solid, or Liquid Waste Material
Effective Date
10-Jun-1998
Referred By
ASTM D5831-17 - Standard Practice for Screening Fuels in Soils
Effective Date
10-Jun-1998
Referred By
ASTM D5956-21 - Standard Guide for Sampling Strategies for Heterogeneous Wastes
Effective Date
10-Jun-1998

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ASTM D5681-98ae1 - Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste ManagementASTM D5681-98ae1 - Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
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ASTM D5681-98ae1 - Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
e1
Designation: D 5681 – 98a
Standard Terminology for
1
Waste and Waste Management
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5681; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—Terms were updated in August 2004.
1. Scope D 5660 Test Method for Assessing the Microbial Detoxifi-
cation of Chemically Contaminated Water and Soil Using
1.1 This terminology contains standard definitions of terms
a Toxicity Test with a Luminescent Marine Bacterium
used in the general area of waste and waste management. It is
D 5679 Practice for Sampling Consolidated Solids in
intended to promote understanding by providing precise tech-
Drums or Similar Containers
nical definitions of terms used in the standards developed by
D 5680 Practice for Sampling Unconsolidated Solids in
Committee D34 and its subcommittees.
Drums or Similar Containers
1.2 Terms used only within an individual standard, and
D 5743 Practice for Sampling Single or Multilayered Liq-
having a meaning unique to that standard, may be defined or
uids, With or Without Solids, in Drums or Similar Con-
explained in the terminology section of that individual stan-
tainers
dard.
D 5744 Test Method for Accelerated Weathering of Solid
2. Referenced Documents Materials Using a Modified Humidity Cell
2
D 5745 Guide for Developing and Implementing Short-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Term Measures or Early Actions for Site Remediation
D 4448 Guide for Sampling Ground-Water Monitoring
D 5746 Classification of Environmental Condition of Prop-
Wells
erty Area Types for Defense Base Closure and Realign-
D 4547 Guide for Sampling Waste and Soils for Volatile
ment Facilities
Organic Compounds
D 5759 Guide for Characterization of Coal Fly Ash and
D 4646 Test Method for 24-h Batch-Type Measurement of
Clean Coal Combustion Fly Ash for Potential Uses
Contaminant Sorption by Soils and Sediments
D 5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data
D 4874 Test Method for Leaching Solid Material in a
Related to Waste Management Activities: Development of
Column Apparatus
Data Quality Objectives
D 5120 Test Method for Inhibition of Respiration in Micro-
D 6008 Practice for Conducting Environmental Baseline
bial Cultures in the Activated Sludge Process
Surveys
D 5231 Test Method for Determination of the Composition
D 6044 Guide for Representative Sampling for Manage-
of Unprocessed Municipal Solid Waste
ment of Waste and Contaminated Media
D 5285 Test Method for 24-Hour Batch-Type Measurement
D 6051 Guide for Composite Sampling and Field Subsam-
of Volatile Organic Sorption by Soils and Sediments
pling for Environmental Waste Management Activities
D 5368 Test Methods for Gravimetric Determination of
D 6063 Guide for Sampling of Drums and Similar Contain-
Total Solvent Extractable Content (TSEC) of Solid Waste
ers by Field Personnel
Samples
D 6250 Practice for Derivation of Decision Point and Con-
D 5369 Practice for Extraction of Solid Waste Samples for
fidence Limit for Statistical Testing of Mean Concentration
Chemical Analysis Using Soxhlet Extraction
in Waste Management Decisions
D 5468 Test Method for Gross Calorific and Ash Value of
D 6270 Practice for Use of Scrap Tires in Civil Engineering
Waste Materials
Applications
D 6311 Guide for Generation of Environmental Data Re-
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
lated to Waste Management Activities: Selection and
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.94 on Terminol-
Optimization of Sampling Design
ogy.
D 6323 Guide for Laboratory Subsampling of Media Re-
Current edition approved June 10, 1998. Published December 1998. Originally
published as D 5681–95. Last previous edition D 5681–98.
lated to Waste Management Activities
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
e1
D 5681 – 98a
D 6346 Guide for Accepting, Segregating and Packaging 3. Significance and Use
Materials Collected Through Household Hazardous Waste
3.1 This terminology defines terms and specialized mean-
Programs
ings of terms in the subject areas of waste and management of
D 6538 Guide for Sampling Wastewater With Automatic
waste.
Samplers
3.2 This terminology is not intended for subjects other than
D 6582 Guide for Ranked Set Sam
...

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ASTM D5681-23(Terminology)
Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This terminology defines terms and specialized meanings of terms in the subject areas of waste and management of waste.  
3.2 This terminology is not intended for subjects other than waste and waste management. For terms applicable to other subject areas, the appropriate terminology standard(s) should be consulted. See the current edition of the Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions4 and the list of terminology standards cited therein.  
3.3 Standards relating to subcategories of waste or waste management may use terms defined more narrowly than those included here. The more specialized terminology standards relating to the applicable specific subcategory, or terms defined within individual standards, or both, should be consulted for the exact meaning intended within a given standard.  
3.4 The Thesaurus on Resource Recovery Terminology (Special Technical Publication (STP) 832)5 contains many terms and may be useful for those not listed in terminology standards. However, a definition in a standard terminology shall be considered governing when the term is used in the sense or meaning defined therein.  
3.5 Statistical terms are not defined in this terminology to the extent that the terms, when used regarding waste and management of waste, have the same meanings as in Practice E177 or Terminology E456.  
3.6 Regulatory terms are often developed by regulatory agencies for special regulatory purposes and may have technical content or meaning different from terms defined herein. When a regulatory term exists that differs in meaning from a term given here, the regulatory term should be considered to take precedence for regulatory matters.
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains standard definitions of terms used in the general area of waste and waste management. It is intended to promote understanding by providing precise technical definitions of terms used in the standards developed by Committee D34 and its subcommittees.  
1.2 Terms used only within an individual standard, and having a meaning unique to that standard, may be defined or explained in the terminology section of that individual standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D5681-23(Terminology)
Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This terminology defines terms and specialized meanings of terms in the subject areas of waste and management of waste.  
3.2 This terminology is not intended for subjects other than waste and waste management. For terms applicable to other subject areas, the appropriate terminology standard(s) should be consulted. See the current edition of the Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions4 and the list of terminology standards cited therein.  
3.3 Standards relating to subcategories of waste or waste management may use terms defined more narrowly than those included here. The more specialized terminology standards relating to the applicable specific subcategory, or terms defined within individual standards, or both, should be consulted for the exact meaning intended within a given standard.  
3.4 The Thesaurus on Resource Recovery Terminology (Special Technical Publication (STP) 832)5 contains many terms and may be useful for those not listed in terminology standards. However, a definition in a standard terminology shall be considered governing when the term is used in the sense or meaning defined therein.  
3.5 Statistical terms are not defined in this terminology to the extent that the terms, when used regarding waste and management of waste, have the same meanings as in Practice E177 or Terminology E456.  
3.6 Regulatory terms are often developed by regulatory agencies for special regulatory purposes and may have technical content or meaning different from terms defined herein. When a regulatory term exists that differs in meaning from a term given here, the regulatory term should be considered to take precedence for regulatory matters.
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains standard definitions of terms used in the general area of waste and waste management. It is intended to promote understanding by providing precise technical definitions of terms used in the standards developed by Committee D34 and its subcommittees.  
1.2 Terms used only within an individual standard, and having a meaning unique to that standard, may be defined or explained in the terminology section of that individual standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM B637-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening and Cold Worked Nickel Alloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for Moderate or High Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hot- and cold-worked precipitation-hardenable nickel alloy rod, bar, forgings, and forging stock for high-temperature service. Chemical analysis shall be performed on the alloy and shall conform to the chemical composition requirement in carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, columbium, tantalum, titanium, aluminum, zirconium, boron, iron, copper, and nickel. The material shall follow recommended annealing treatment, solution treatment, stabilizing treatment, and precipitation hardening treatment. Tension testing, hardness testing and stress-rupture testing shall be performed on the material and shall comply to the required tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction in area, and Brinell hardness.
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1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method establishes a selected set of conditions of temperature, relative humidity and rate of evaporation of the environment to which a mortar specimen of stated composition shall be subjected for a specified period of time during which its change in length is determined and designated “drying shrinkage.”  
4.2 The drying shrinkage of mortar as determined by this test method has a linear relation to the drying shrinkage of concrete made with the same cement and exposed to the same drying conditions.4 Hence this test method may be used when it is desired to develop data on the effect of a hydraulic cement on the drying shrinkage of concrete made with that cement.
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ASTM F3337-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Taking Property and Behavior Measurements on Weathered Fractions of Oil

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5.1 A standard procedure is necessary to establish property changes for spilled oils or petroleum products at different oil weathering stages.  
5.2 This procedure employs standardized equipment, and test procedures.  
5.3 This procedure should be performed at the stages of weathering corresponding to the spill conditions of interest.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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ASTM D8139-23(Specification)
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1.1 This specification covers preformed expansion joint fillers made from closed-cell polypropylene foam materials having suitable compressibility, recovery from compression, nonextruding, and weather-resistant characteristics.  
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1.2 These joint fillers are intended for use in concrete pavements in full-depth joints. There are several variations in size with typical thicknesses of 1/2 in. (12.7 mm), 3/4 in. (19.05 mm), and 1 in. (25.4 mm); typical widths of 31/2 in. (88.9 mm), 4 in. (101.6 mm), 5 in. (127 mm), 6 in. (152.5 mm), 7 in. (177.8 mm), 8 in. (203.2 mm), or 48 in. (1.2 m) sheet; and typical lengths of 5 ft (1.52 m) and 10 ft (3.05 m).  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method can be used to determine whether the amount of draindown measured for a given asphalt mixture is within specified acceptable levels. The test provides an evaluation of the draindown potential of an asphalt mixture during mixture design and/or during field production. This test is primarily used for mixtures with high coarse aggregate content such as porous asphalt (open-graded friction course) and stone matrix asphalt (SMA).
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of draindown in an uncompacted asphalt mixture sample when the sample is held at elevated temperatures comparable to those encountered during the production, storage, transport, and placement of the mixture. The test is particularly applicable to mixtures such as porous asphalt (open-graded friction course) and stone matrix asphalt (SMA).  
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ASTM D545-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Types)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The compression resistance perpendicular to the faces, the resistance to the extrusion during compression, and the ability to recover after release of the load are indicative of a joint filler's ability to continuously fill a concrete expansion joint and thereby prevent damage that might otherwise occur during thermal expansion. The asphalt content is a measure of the fiber-type joint filler's durability and life expectancy. In the case of cork-type fillers, the resistance to water absorption and resistance to boiling hydrochloric acid are relative measures of durability and life expectancy.
Note 2: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the physical properties associated with preformed expansion joint fillers. The test methods include:    
Property  
Section  
Expansion in Boiling Water  
7.1  
Recovery and Compression  
7.2  
Extrusion  
7.3  
Boiling in Hydrochloric Acid  
7.4  
Asphalt Content  
7.5  
Water Absorption  
7.6  
Density  
7.7
Note 1: Specific test methods are applicable only to certain types of joint fillers, as stated herein.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers asphalt plank used for bridge decks as well as for industrial floors. Asphalt planks shall be classified according to usage: Type Ia; Type Ib; and Type II. Asphalt plank shall be formed from a mixture of asphalt, fibers, modifiers, or a combination thereof, and mineral filler in such a manner as to produce a uniformly dense mass. The following test methods shall be intended to measure those attributes necessary to measure the ability of asphalt plank to provide a reasonably long and satisfactory service: absorption; brittleness; dimensions; and hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers asphalt plank used for bridge decks as well as for industrial floors.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
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