ASTM D882-02

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Tensile properties determined by this test method are of value for the identification and characterization of materials for control and specification purposes. Tensile properties may vary with specimen thickness, method of preparation, speed of testing, type of grips used, and manner of measuring extension. Consequently, where precise comparative results are desired, these factors must be carefully controlled. This test method shall be used for referee purposes, unless otherwise indicated in particular material specifications. For many materials, there may be a specification that requires the use of this test method, but with some procedural modifications that take precedence when adhering to the specification. Therefore, it is advisable to refer to that material specification before using this test method. Table 1 in Classification D 4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist.
Tensile properties may be utilized to provide data for research and development and engineering design as well as quality control and specification. However, data from such tests cannot be considered significant for applications differing widely from the load-time scale of the test employed.  
The tensile modulus of elasticity is an index of the stiffness of thin plastic sheeting. The reproducibility of test results is good when precise control is maintained over all test conditions. When different materials are being compared for stiffness, specimens of identical dimensions must be employed.
The tensile energy to break (TEB) is the total energy absorbed per unit volume of the specimen up to the point of rupture. In some texts this property has been referred to as toughness. It is used to evaluate materials that may be subjected to heavy abuse or that might stall web transport equipment in the event of a machine malfunction in end-use applications. However, the rate of strain, specimen parameters, and especially flaws may cause large variations in the results. In that s...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of tensile properties of plastics in the form of thin sheeting, including film (less than 1.0 mm (0.04 in.) in thickness).
Note 1—Film has been arbitrarily defined as sheeting having nominal thickness not greater than 0.25 mm (0.010 in.).
Note 2—Tensile properties of plastics 1.0 mm (0.04 in.) or greater in thickness shall be determined according to Test Method D638.
1.2 This test method may be used to test all plastics within the thickness range described and the capacity of the machine employed.
1.2.1 Static Weighing, Constant-Rate-of-Grip Separation Test—This test method employs a constant rate of separation of the grips holding the ends of the test specimen.
1.3 Specimen extension may be measured in these test methods by grip separation, extension indicators, or displacement of gage marks.
1.4 A procedure for determining the tensile modulus of elasticity is included at one strain rate.
Note 3—The modulus determination is generally based on the use of grip separation as a measure of extension; however, the desirability of using extensometers, as described in 5.2, is recognized and provision for the use of such instrumentation is incorporated in the procedure.
1.5 Test data obtained by this test method is relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 4—This test method is similar to ISO 527-3, but is not considered technically equivalent. ISO 527-3 allows for additional specimen configurations, specifies different test speeds, and requi...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Apr-2002
• ICS: 71.080.99 - Other organic chemicals
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.19 - Film, Sheeting, and Molded Products

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D882-01 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM D882-09 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D638-22 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E154/E154M-08a(2019) - Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Retarders Used in Contact with Earth Under Concrete Slabs, on Walls, or as Ground Cover
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E2556/E2556M-10(2022) - Standard Specification for Vapor Permeable Flexible Sheet Water-Resistive Barriers Intended for Mechanical Attachment
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3308-12(2022) - Standard Specification for PTFE Resin Skived Tape
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F1921/F1921M-12(2023) - Standard Test Methods for Hot Seal Strength (Hot Tack) of Thermoplastic Polymers and Blends Comprising the Sealing Surfaces of Flexible Webs
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3981-09a(2016) - Standard Specification for Polyethylene Films Made from Medium-Density Polyethylene for General Use and Packaging Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F2097-20 - Standard Guide for Design and Evaluation of Primary Flexible Packaging for Medical Products
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4635-16 - Standard Specification for Plastic Films Made from Low-Density Polyethylene and Linear Low-Density Polyethylene for General Use and Packaging Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D6040-18 - Standard Guide to Standard Test Methods for Unsintered Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Extruded Film or Tape
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4885-01(2023) - Standard Test Method for Determining Performance Strength of Geomembranes by the Wide Strip Tensile Method
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2002
• Referred By: ASTM C1775-22 - Standard Specification for Laminate Protective Jacket and Tape for Use over Thermal Insulation for Outdoor Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2002
• Referred By: ASTM G218-19 - Standard Guide for External Corrosion Protection of Ductile Iron Pipe Utilizing Polyethylene Encasement Supplemented by Cathodic Protection
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F3510-21 - Standard Guide for Characterizing Fiber-Based Constructs for Tissue-Engineered Medical Products
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D882–02
Standard Test Method for
1
Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 882; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
NOTE 4—ThistestmethodissimilartoISO 527-3,butisnotconsidered
1. Scope*
technically equivalent. ISO 527-3 allows for additional specimen configu-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of tensile
rations, specifies different test speeds, and requires an extensometer or
properties of plastics in the form of thin sheeting, including
gage marks on the specimen.
film (less than 1.0 mm (0.04 in.) in thickness).
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 1—Film has been arbitrarily defined as sheeting having nominal
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
thickness not greater than 0.25 mm (0.010 in.).
NOTE 2—Tensile properties of plastics 1.0 mm (0.04 in.) or greater in D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
thickness shall be determined according to Test Method D 638.
D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-
1.2 This test method may be used to test all plastics within
rials
the thickness range described and the capacity of the machine
D 5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid
employed.
Plastics Specimens
1.2.1 Static Weighing, Constant-Rate-of-Grip Separation
D 6287 Practice for Cutting Film and Sheeting Test Speci-
Test—Thistestmethodemploysaconstantrateofseparationof
mens
the grips holding the ends of the test specimen.
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
1.3 Specimen extension may be measured in these test
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
methods by grip separation, extension indicators, or displace-
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
ment of gage marks.
2.2 ISO Standard:
1.4 A procedure for determining the tensile modulus of
ISO 527-3 Plastics—Determination of Tensile Properties—
elasticity is included at one strain rate.
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Part 3: Test Conditions for Films and Sheets
NOTE 3—The modulus determination is generally based on the use of
grip separation as a measure of extension; however, the desirability of
3. Terminology
using extensometers, as described in 5.2, is recognized and provision for
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms and symbols relating
the use of such instrumentation is incorporated in the procedure.
to tension testing of plastics appear in the Annex to Test
1.5 Test data obtained by this test method is relevant and
Method D 638.
appropriate for use in engineering design.
3.1.1 line grips—grips having faces designed to concentrate
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
theentiregrippingforcealongasinglelineperpendiculartothe
standard. The values in parentheses are provided for informa-
direction of testing stress. This is usually done by combining
tion only.
one standard flat face and an opposing face from which
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
protrudes a half-round.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2 tear failure—atensilefailurecharacterizedbyfracture
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
initiating at one edge of the specimen and progressing across
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
the specimen at a rate slow enough to produce an anomalous
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
load-deformation curve.
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These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on
2
Plastics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Sheeting. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
These test methods have been approved for use by agencies of the Department Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
of Defense to replace Method 1013 of Federal Test Method Standard 406. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved April 10, 2002. Published June 2002. Originally Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4th
published as D 882 – 46 T. Last previous edition D 882 – 01. Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D882–02
4. Significance and Use 5.1.3.2 Self-align
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