ASTM E1142-11
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
Standard Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions commonly used in the study of thermophysical properties. Terms that are generally understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources are either not included or their sources identified.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in a Discussion. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM Committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM Committee.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field (such as dynamic mechanical measurements) are identified with an italicized introductory phrase.
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Designation:E1142–11
Standard Terminology
1
Relating to Thermophysical Properties
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1142; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope alpha (a) loss peak—in dynamic mechanical measurement,
first peak in the damping curve below the melt, in order of
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding
decreasing temperature or increasing frequency (E7, E04)
definitions commonly used in the study of thermophysical
(1988).
properties. Terms that are generally understood or defined
angular frequency, v—the number of radians per second
adequately in other readily available sources are either not
traversedbyarotatingvectorthatrepresentsanyperiodically
included or their sources identified.
varying quantity.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional infor-
mation included in a Discussion. It is reviewed every five
DISCUSSION—Angular frequency, v, is equal to two p times the
years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended. frequency, f.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another
anti-thixotropy—an increase of the apparent viscosity under
standardsorganizationorASTMCommitteeareidentifiedwith
constant shear stress or shear rate followed by a gradual
the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the
recovery when the stress or shear rate is reduced to zero.
identifying document and ASTM Committee.
arrhenius equation—amathematicalrelationshipbetweenthe
1.4 Definitionsoftermsspecifictoaparticularfield(suchas
specific reaction rate and the temperature given as
dynamic mechanical measurements) are identified with an
–E/RT
italicized introductory phrase. k 5 Ae (1)
where:
2. Referenced Documents
kisthereactionrateconstant, Aisthefrequencyfactor, Eisthe
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
energyofactivation, Risthegasconstant,and Tistheabsolute
D4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical
temperature (1990).
Properties
barometer—An instrument for measuring atmospheric pres-
E7 Terminology Relating to Metallography
sure.
beta (b) loss peak—in dynamic mechanical measurement,
3. Terminology
second discrete peak in damping curve below the melt, in
3.1 Terms and Definitions:
order of decreasing temperature or increasing frequency
(D4092, D20) (1988).
absolute pressure—pessuremeasuredrelativetozeropressure
boiling pressure—at a specific temperature, the value of the
corresponding to empty space.
vapor pressure of the liquid at which it is equal to the
DISCUSSION—Absolute pressure is atmospheric pressure plus gage
external pressure (1988).
pressure.
boiling temperature—at a specific pressure, the temperature
admittance, Y—the reciprocal of impedance. at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the
external pressure (1988).
capacitance—that property of a system of conductors and
dielectrics that permits the storage of electrical charge when
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E37 on
a potential difference exists between the conductors.
ThermalMeasurementsandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE37.03on
Nomenclature and Definitions.
DISCUSSION—Capacitance is the ratio of a quantity of electric charge,
Current edition approved April 1, 2011. Published May 2011. Originally
Q, to a potential difference, V.Acapacitance value is always positive.
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E1142–10. DOI:
The unit of capacitance is the farad, F, which is equivalent to one
10.1520/E1142-11.
2
coulomb per volt.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Celsius—designation of the degree on the International Prac-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tical Temperature Scale; also used for the name of the scale,
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1142–11
as “Celsius Temperature Scale.” Formerly (prior to 1948) ture and pressure; for example, the two coexisting phases of
called“Centigrade.”TheCelsiustemperaturescaleisrelated a two-phase equilibrium (E7, E04) (1988).
to the International Kelvin Temperature Scale by the equa- congruent transformation—an isothermal, or isobaric, phase
tion T =T − 273.16K (1988). changeinwhichbothofthephasesconcernedhavethesame
c
Centigrade—see Celsius. composition throughout the process; the order of a system
coeffıcient of expansion— see coefficient of linear thermal b
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E1142–10 Designation:E1142–11
Standard Terminology
1
Relating to Thermophysical Properties
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1142; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions commonly used in the study of thermophysical properties.
Termsthataregenerallyunderstoodordefinedadequatelyinotherreadilyavailablesourcesareeithernotincludedortheirsources
identified.
1.2 Adefinition is a single sentence with additional information included in a Discussion. It is reviewed every five years, and
the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM Committee are identified with the
abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM Committee.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field (such as dynamic mechanical measurements) are identified with an
italicized introductory phrase.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties
E7 Terminology Relating to Metallography
3. Terminology
3.1 Terms and Definitions:
absolute pressure—pessure measured relative to zero pressure corresponding to empty space.
DISCUSSION—Absolute pressure is atmospheric pressure plus gage pressure.
admittance, Y—the reciprocal of impedance.
alpha (a) loss peak—in dynamic mechanical measurement,firstpeakinthedampingcurvebelowthemelt,inorderofdecreasing
temperature or increasing frequency (E7, E04) (1988).
angular frequency, v—the number of radians per second traversed by a rotating vector that represents any periodically varying
quantity.
DISCUSSION—Angular frequency, v, is equal to two p times the frequency, f.
anti-thixotropy—an increase of the apparent viscosity under constant shear stress or shear rate followed by a gradual recovery
when the stress or shear rate is reduced to zero.
arrhenius equation—a mathematical relationship between the specific reaction rate and the temperature given as
–E/RT
k 5 Ae (1)
where:
k is the reaction rate constant, A is the frequency factor, E is the energy of activation, R is the gas constant, and T is the absolute
temperature (1990).
barometer—An instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure.
beta (b) loss peak—in dynamic mechanical measurement, second discrete peak in damping curve below the melt, in order of
decreasing temperature or increasing frequency (D4092, D20) (1988).
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E37 on Thermal Measurements and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.03 on
Nomenclature and Definitions.
Current edition approvedApril 1, 2010.2011. Published June 2010.May 2011. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20072010 as E1142–107.
DOI: 10.1520/E1142-101.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1142–11
boiling pressure—ataspecifictemperature,thevalueofthevaporpressureoftheliquidatwhichitisequaltotheexternalpressure
(1988).
boiling temperature—at a specific pressure, the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the external
pressure (1988).
capacitance—thatpropertyofasystemofconductorsanddielectricsthatpermitsthestorageofelectricalchargewhenapotential
difference exists between the conductors.
DISCUSSION—Capacitance is the ratio of a quantity of electric charge, Q, to a potential difference, V.Acapacitance value is always positive.The unit
of capacitance is the farad, F, which is equivalent to one coulomb per volt.
Celsius—designation of the degree on the International Practical Temperature Scale; also used for the name of the scale, as
“Celsius Temperature Scale.” Formerly (prior to 1948) called “Centigrade.” The Celsius temperature scale is related to the
International Kelvin Temperature Scale by the equation T =T − 273.16K (1988).
c
Centigrade—see Celsius.
coeffıcient of expansion— see coeffici
...
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