ASTM D1200-10(2014)

Standard Test Method for Viscosity by Ford Viscosity Cup

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is useful for the determination of package and application viscosities of a number of paints and other coatings and in the thinning of these materials, but is limited to Newtonian or near-Newtonian liquids.  
5.2 There are other types of apparatus for measuring viscosity in the laboratory that produce more accurate results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the viscosity of Newtonian or near-Newtonian paints, varnishes, lacquers, and related liquid materials with the Ford-type efflux viscosity cup. If the material is non-Newtonian, that is, shear-thinning or thixotropic, Test Method D2196 should be used.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2014
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.24 - Physical Properties of Liquid Paints & Paint Materials

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1200-10 - Standard Test Method for Viscosity by Ford Viscosity Cup
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D5327-97(2021)e1 - Standard Practice for Evaluating and Comparing Transfer Efficiency of Spray Applied Coatings Under General Laboratory Conditions
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D5009-02(2023) - Standard Test Method for Evaluating and Comparing Transfer Efficiency of Spray Applied Coatings Under Laboratory Conditions
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D5286-20 - Standard Test Methods for Determination of Transfer Efficiency Under General Production Conditions for Spray Application of Paints
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D7887-20 - Standard Guide for Selection of Substitute, Non-hazardous, Liquid Filling Substances for Packagings Subjected to the United Nations Performance Tests
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM F940-99(2019)e1 - Standard Practice for Quality Control Receipt Inspection Procedures for Protective Coatings (Paint), Used in Marine Construction and Shipbuilding
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM B813-16 - Standard Specification for Liquid and Paste Fluxes for Soldering of Copper and Copper Alloy Tube
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D3794-22 - Standard Guide for Testing Coil Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D4212-16(2023) - Standard Test Method for Viscosity by Dip-Type Viscosity Cups
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D333-01(2021) - Standard Guide for Clear and Pigmented Lacquers
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D1084-16(2021) - Standard Test Methods for Viscosity of Adhesives
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D365-23 - Standard Guide for Soluble Nitrocellulose Base Solutions
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D6577-15(2019) - Standard Guide for Testing Industrial Protective Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D7394-18(2023) - Standard Practice for Rheological Characterization of Architectural Coatings using Three Rotational Bench Viscometers
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM C1708/C1708M-19 - Standard Test Methods for Self-leveling Mortars Containing Hydraulic Cements
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1200 −10 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Method for
1
Viscosity by Ford Viscosity Cup
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1200; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheviscos- 4.1 The Ford viscosity cup is filled level full with the liquid
ity of Newtonian or near-Newtonian paints, varnishes, under test, and the time for the material to flow through one of
lacquers, and related liquid materials with the Ford-type efflux the standard orifices is measured.
viscosity cup. If the material is non-Newtonian, that is,
5. Significance and Use
shear-thinning or thixotropic, Test Method D2196 should be
5.1 This test method is useful for the determination of
used.
package and application viscosities of a number of paints and
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
other coatings and in the thinning of these materials, but is
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
limited to Newtonian or near-Newtonian liquids.
only.
5.2 There are other types of apparatus for measuring vis-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
cosity in the laboratory that produce more accurate results.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6. Apparatus
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6.1 Ford Viscosity Cups—Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 Ford
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
viscosity cups made of corrosion- and solvent-resistant mate-
2. Referenced Documents rials assembled as complete units (Note 1), and conforming to
2 the dimensional requirements shown in Fig. 1. The orifice
2.1 ASTM Standards:
dimensions are considered as a guide only as the combination
D2196Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-
of cup and orifice dimensions must permit conformance to the
Newtonian Materials by Rotational (Brookfield type)
flow formula for each cup as listed in the Appendix.
Viscometer
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers NOTE 1—If the orifice is removed from the cup for any reason the cup
should be recalibrated before use as described in the Appendix.
3. Terminology
6.2 Thermometer—Saybolt Viscosity Thermometer con-
3.1 Definitions:
formingtotherequirementsforThermometer17C(19to27°C)
3.1.1 Newtonian liquid, n—aliquidinwhichtheviscosityis
or 17F (66 to 80°F) as prescribed in Specification E1.In
independent of the shear stress or shear rate. If the ratio of
addition, temperature measuring devices such as non-mercury
shear stress to shear rate is not constant, the liquid is non-
liquid-in-glass thermometers, thermocouples, or platinum re-
Newtonian.
sistance thermometers that provide equivalent or better accu-
3.1.2 Near-Newtonian liquid, n—a liquid in which the racy and precision, that cover the temperature range for
variation of viscosity with shear rate is small and the effect on thermometer 17C and 17F, may be used.
viscosity of mechanical disturbances such as stirring is negli-
6.3 Timing Device—Any timing device may be used pro-
gible.
viding that the readings can be taken with a discrimination of
0.2 s or better.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
7. Test Specimen
Subcommittee D01.24 on Physical Properties of Liquid Paints and Paint Materials.
7.1 Thespecimenofthematerialtobetestedshallbevisibly
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D1200–10. DOI:
homogeneous and free of any foreign material or air bubbles.
10.1520/D1200-10R14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 8. Temperature of Testing
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
8.1 All measurements with the Ford viscosity cups shall be
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. made at 25°C (77°F) or a temperature agreed upon between
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1200−10 (2014)
desired temperature. Make the viscosity determination at the
end of the 10-min period.
11. Procedure
11.1 Make viscosity determinations in a r
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1200 − 10 D1200 − 10 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Method for
1
Viscosity by Ford Viscosity Cup
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1200; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the viscosity of Newtonian or near-Newtonian paints, varnishes, lacquers, and
related liquid materials with the Ford-type efflux viscosity cup. If the material is non-Newtonian, that is, shear-thinning or
thixotropic, Test Method D2196 should be used.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational (Brookfield type) Viscometer
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 Newtonian liquid, n—a liquid in which the viscosity is independent of the shear stress or shear rate. If the ratio of shear
stress to shear rate is not constant, the liquid is non-Newtonian.
3.1.2 Near-Newtonian liquid, n—a liquid in which the variation of viscosity with shear rate is small and the effect on viscosity
of mechanical disturbances such as stirring is negligible.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The Ford viscosity cup is filled level full with the liquid under test, and the time for the material to flow through one of the
standard orifices is measured.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is useful for the determination of package and application viscosities of a number of paints and other
coatings and in the thinning of these materials, but is limited to Newtonian or near-Newtonian liquids.
5.2 There are other types of apparatus for measuring viscosity in the laboratory that produce more accurate results.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Ford Viscosity Cups—Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 Ford viscosity cups made of corrosion- and solvent-resistant materials assembled
as complete units (Note 1), and conforming to the dimensional requirements shown in Fig. 1. The orifice dimensions are considered
as a guide only as the combination of cup and orifice dimensions must permit conformance to the flow formula for each cup as
listed in the Appendix.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.24 on Physical Properties of Liquid Paints &and Paint Materials.
Current edition approved July 1, 2010Dec. 1, 2014. Published July 2010December 2014. Originally approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
D1200 – 94 (2005).D1200 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/D1200-10.10.1520/D1200-10R14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1200 − 10 (2014)
Orifice A, mm Orifice A, mm
No. 1 1.90 No. 3 3.40
No. 2 2.53 No. 4 4.12
No. 5 5.20
FIG. 1 Ford Viscosity Cup and Orifices
NOTE 1—If the orifice is removed from the cup for any reason the cup should be recalibrated before use as described in the Appendix.
6.2 Thermometer—Saybolt Viscosity Thermometer conforming to the requirements for Thermometer 17C (19 to 27°C) or 17F
(66 to 80°F) as prescribed in Specification E1. In addition, temperature measuring devices such as non-mercury liquid-in-glass
thermometers, thermocouples, or platinum resistance thermometers that provide equivalent or better accuracy and precision, that
cover the temperature range for thermometer 17C and 17F, may be used.
6.3 Timing Device—Any timing device may be used prov
...