ASTM E2307-04
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Fire Resistance of Perimeter Fire Barrier Systems Using Intermediate-Scale, Multi-story Test Apparatus
Standard Test Method for Determining Fire Resistance of Perimeter Fire Barrier Systems Using Intermediate-Scale, Multi-story Test Apparatus
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the performance of the perimeter fire barrier system and its ability to maintain a seal to prevent fire spread during the deflection and deformation of the exterior wall assembly and floor assembly during the fire test, while resisting fire exposure from an interior compartment fire as well as from the flame plume emitted from the window burner below. The end point of the fire resistance test is the period of time elapsing before the first condition of compliance is reached as the perimeter fire barrier system is subjected to a time-temperature fire exposure.
1.2 The fire exposure conditions used are those specified by this test method for the first 30 min of exposure and then conform to the Test Methods E 119 time-temperature curve for the remainder of the test in the test room.
1.3 This test method specifies the heating conditions, methods of test, and criteria for evaluation of the ability of a perimeter fire barrier system to maintain the fire resistance where a floor and exterior wall assembly are juxtaposed to a perimeter joint.
1.4 Test results establish the performance of perimeter fire barrier systems during the fire-exposure period and shall not be construed as having determined the suitability of perimeter fire barrier systems for use after that exposure.
1.5 This test method does not provide quantitative information about the perimeter fire barrier system relative to the rate of leakage of smoke or gases or both. While it requires that such phenomena be noted and reported when describing the general behavior of perimeter fire barrier system during the fire resistance test, such phenomena are not part of the conditions of compliance.
1.6 Potentially important factors and fire characteristics not addressed by this test method include, but are not limited to:
1.6.1 The performance of the perimeter fire barrier system constructed with components other than those tested, and
1.6.2 The cyclic movement capabilities of perimeter fire barrier systems other than the cycling conditions tested.
1.7 This test method is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for the fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.9 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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An American National Standard
Designation: E 2307 – 04
Standard Test Method for
Determining Fire Resistance of Perimeter Fire Barriers
Using Intermediate-Scale, Multi-story Test Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2307; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
A perimeter fire barrier is the perimeter joint protection that provides fire resistance to prevent
passage of fire from floor to floor within the building at the opening between the exterior wall
assembly and the floor assembly. A perimeter fire barrier is a unique building construction detail not
addressed by other fire test methods.
Among its other functions, a perimeter fire barrier impedes the vertical spread of fire from the floor
of origin to the floor(s) above, at the building’s exterior perimeter and accommodates various
movements such as those induced by thermal differentials, seismicity, and wind loads.
This test method describes criteria and test methods used to determine the fire resistance of
perimeter fire barriers when subjected to standard fire exposure conditions using the intermediate-
scale, multistory test apparatus (ISMA). The use of the multi-story test apparatus and this test method
are intended to simulate a possible fire exposure on a perimeter fire barrier.
1. Scope construed as having determined the suitability of perimeter fire
barriers for use after that exposure.
1.1 This test method measures the performance of the
1.5 This test method does not provide quantitative informa-
perimeter fire barrier and its ability to maintain a seal to
tion about the perimeter fire barrier relative to the rate of
prevent fire spread during the deflection and deformation of the
leakage of smoke or gases or both. While it requires that such
exterior wall assembly and floor assembly during the fire test,
phenomena be noted and reported when describing the general
while resisting fire exposure from an interior compartment fire
behavior of perimeter fire barrier during the fire resistance test,
as well as from the flame plume emitted from the window
such phenomena are not part of the conditions of compliance.
burner below. The end point of the fire resistance test is the
1.6 Potentially important factors and fire characteristics not
period of time elapsing before the first condition of compliance
addressed by this test method include, but are not limited to:
is reached as the perimeter fire barrier is subjected to a
1.6.1 The performance of the perimeter fire barrier con-
time-temperature fire exposure.
structed with components other than those tested, and
1.2 The fire exposure conditions used are those specified by
1.6.2 The cyclic movement capabilities of perimeter fire
this test method for the first 30 min of exposure and then
barriers other than the cycling conditions tested.
conform to the Test Methods E 119 time-temperature curve for
1.7 This test method is used to measure and describe the
the remainder of the test in the test room.
response of materials, products or assemblies to heat and flame
1.3 This test method specifies the heating conditions, meth-
under controlled conditions but does not by itself incorporate
ods of test, and criteria for evaluation of the ability of a
all factors required for the fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of
perimeter fire barrier to maintain the fire resistance where a
the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire condi-
floor and exterior wall assembly are juxtaposed to a perimeter
tions.
joint.
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
1.4 Test results establish the performance of perimeter fire
as the standard. The SI values given in parentheses are for
barriers during the fire-exposure period and shall not be
information only.
1.9 The text of this test method references notes and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.11 on Fire
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
Resistance.
considered as requirements of the standard.
Current edition approved March 1, 2004. Published April 2004.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E2307–04
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.1.4 floor assembly, n—a fire resistance rated loadbearing
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the horizontal separating element adjacent to and separate from the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- floor of the observation room.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 3.1.4.1 Discussion—Floor assemblies tested in accordance
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. with Test Methods E 119 are required to be loadbearing.
3.1.5 integrity, n—the ability of a perimeter fire barrier
system, when exposed to fire from two sides, to prevent the
2. Referenced Documents
passage of flame and hot gases through it and the occurrence of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
flames on its unexposed sides as determined by using a cotton
E 84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
pad.
Building Materials
3.1.6 maximum joint width, n—the widest opening of the
E 108 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof Coverings
perimeter joint as defined by the test sponsor.
E 119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction
3.1.7 minimum joint width, n—the narrowest opening of the
and Materials
perimeter joint as defined by the test sponsor.
E 176 Terminology of Fire Standards
3.1.8 movement cycle, n—the change between the minimum
E 511 Test Method for Measuring Heat Flux Using a
and the maximum joint widths.
Copper-Constantan Circular Foil, Heat-Flux Gage
3.1.9 nominal joint width, n—the specified opening of the
E 631 Terminology of Building Constructions
perimeter joint as defined by the test sponsor that is selected for
E 1529 Test Methods for Determining Effects of Large
test purposes.
Hydrocarbon Pool Fires on Structural Members and As-
3.1.10 observation room, n—the second-story room of the
semblies
ISMA.
E 1966 Test Method for Fire-Resistive Joint Systems
3.1.11 perimeter fire barrier system, n—the perimeter joint
2.2 Other Documents:
protection that provides fire resistance to prevent the passage of
Uniform Building Code Standard No. 26-9 Method of Test
fire from floor to floor within the building at the opening
for the Evaluation of Flammability Characteristics of
between the exterior wall assembly and the floor assembly. The
Exterior, Non-Loadbearing Wall Assemblies Containing
boundaries of the system are the edge of the floor assembly and
Combustible Components Using the Intermediate-Scale
3 the interior face of the exterior wall assembly in contact with
Multistory Test Apparatus
the perimeter joint protection.
NFPA 285 Standard Method of Test for the Evaluation of
3.1.11.1 Discussion—For the purpose of this standard, a
Flammability Characteristics of Exterior Non-Load-
knee wall is not to be considered as part of the exterior wall.
Bearing Wall Assemblies Containing Combustible Com-
3.1.12 perimeter joint, n—the linear void located between a
ponents Using the Intermediate-Scale, Multistory Test
juxtaposed exterior wall assembly and floor assembly to
Apparatus
accommodate various movements induced by thermal differ-
The 14th Edition of the Gypsum Association’s Fire Resis-
entials, seismicity, wind loads, and misalignments of the floor
tance Design Manual (GA 600 94)
and wall during construction.
3.1.13 perimeter joint protection, n—a fire-resistive joint
3. Terminology
system located between the exterior wall assembly and the
3.1 Terms defined in Terminology E 176 and E 631 shall
floor assembly that fills the perimeter joint.
prevail for fire standard and building terms not defined in this
3.1.13.1 Discussion—Fire-resistive joint system is defined
document.
in Test Method E 1966.
3.1.1 blockout, n—a recess formed in the floor assembly to
3.1.14 separating element, n—a floor assembly or exterior
accommodate the installation of the perimeter joint protection,
wall assembly.
flush with the wearing surface of the floor assembly.
3.1.15 splice, n—the connection or junction within the
3.1.2 curtain wall assembly, n—either a rated or non-rated,
length of a perimeter joint protection.
nonbearing exterior wall assembly secured to and supported by
3.1.15.1 Discussion—A splice is a result of the device or
the structural members of the building.
method used to connect or join multiple lengths of the
3.1.3 exterior wall assembly, n—a curtain wall or a load-
perimeter joint protection.
bearing exterior wall that is either fire resistance rated or one
3.1.16 supporting construction, n—the arrangement of
that is not.
separating elements forming the intersection into which the
perimeter joint protection is installed.
3.1.17 test assembly, n—the complete assembly of the test
specimen together with the test apparatus.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3.1.18 test room, n—the first-story room of the ISMA.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.1.19 test specimen, n—the specific test details of the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
perimeter fire barrier system.
International Conference of Building Officials Inc., 5360 Workman Mill Rd.,
Whittier, CA 90601.
4. Summary of Test Method
National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA
4.1 This test method describes the following test sequence
02269-9101.
Gypsum Association, 810 First Street NE #510, Washington, DC 20002. and procedure:
E2307–04
FIG. 1 Plan View of Test Room Burner Positioned in Test Room (See 6.3.2 for Dimensions)
NOTE 1—This test method does not measure the quantity of smoke or
4.1.1 When the maximum joint width does not equal the
hot gases through the floor assembly, the wall assembly, or the perimeter
minimum joint width, the perimeter fire barrier is movement
joint protection.
cycled before being fire tested.
4.1.2 A perimeter joint protection and its supporting con- 5.2.3 Measurement of flame spread over the surface of the
struction are conditioned and fire tested.
perimeter fire barrier,
4.1.3 During the fire test, the integrity of the perimeter joint
NOTE 2—The information in 5.2.1 through 5.2.3 are determined by
protection and its supporting construction is determined by use
other suitable fire test methods. For example, Test Method E 84 is used to
of a cotton pad.
determine 5.2.3.
5.2.4 Durability of the test specimen under actual service
5. Significance and Use
conditions, including the effects of cycled temperature,
5.1 This test method provides for the following measure-
5.2.5 Effects of a load on the movement cycling of the
ments and evaluations:
perimeter fire barrier established by this test method,
5.1.1 Movement capacity of the perimeter fire barrier.
5.2.6 Rotational, vertical, and horizontal shear capabilities
5.1.2 Loadbearing capacity of the perimeter joint protection
of the test specimen,
is optional.
5.2.7 Any other attributes of the test specimen, such as wear
5.1.3 Ability of the perimeter fire barrier to resist the
resistance, chemical resistance, air infiltration, water-tightness,
passage of flames and hot gases.
and so forth, and
5.1.4 Transmission of heat through the perimeter fire barrier.
5.2.8 A measurement of the capability of the test specimen
5.2 This test method does not provide the following:
to resist:
5.2.1 Evaluation of the degree to which the perimeter fire
5.2.8.1 Flame propagation over the exterior faces of the test
barrier contributes to the fire hazard by generation of smoke,
specimen,
toxic gases, or other products of combustion,
5.2.8.2 Spread of flame within the combustible core com-
5.2.2 Measurement of the degree of control or limitation of
ponent of the exterior wall assembly from one story to the next,
the passage of smoke or products of combustion through the
perimeter fire barrier, NOTE 3—Some exterior wall assemblies are made from sandwich
E2307–04
FIG. 2 Plan View of Window Burner and Elevation View of Window Burner Location
panels, which use EPS foam or other similar materials that are combus-
perimeter fire barrier, or any of its individual components, in
tible.
order for a perimeter fire barrier to be used in a particular
application.
5.2.8.3 Spread of flame over the interior surface (room side)
of the test specimen from one story to the next, and
6. Apparatus
NOTE 4—While it is a failure to have fire on the interior surface of the
6.1 The test apparatus described in 6.2 shall be located
observation room, this test method does not provide a measurement of that
inside a test facility. The facility shall have provisions for
flame spread.
supplying fresh combustion make-up air during the test. The
5.2.8.4 Lateral spread of flame from the compartment of fire
facility shall be constructed to allow for the exhaust of the
origin to adjacent spaces. combustion by-products during the test, while not inducing
airflow on the exterior face of the test specimen. The test
NOTE 5—The exterior wall assembly, floor assembly, and perimeter
facility shall protect the test apparatus and test specimen from
joint protection are individual components. The capabilities of individual
weather conditions such as wind and rain.
components are not part of this specific test method’s Conditions of
Compliance. 6.2 Test Apparatus:
6.2.1 The ISMA consists of a two-story test structure
5.3 In this test method, the test specimens are subjected to
consisting of a test room and observation room (See Fig. 2.).
one or more specific test conditions. When different test
Each room in the test apparatus is square having inside length
conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are
and width dimensions (unfinished and unprotected by any fire
changed, it is not always possible by, or from, this test method
resistive materials) of 120 6 0.5 in. (3048 6 13 mm) and a
to predict changes to the characteristics measured.
height (unfinished and unprotected by any fire resistive mate-
5.4 This test method is not intended to be used as the only
rials) of 84 6 0.5 in. (2134 6 13 mm).
test method in the selection of a perimeter fire barrier. It is not
intended as a specification for all attributes required by a NOTE 6—The test apparatus is
...
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