ASTM D5647-07(2012)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Measuring Hairiness of Yarns by the Photo-Electric Apparatus
Standard Guide for Measuring Hairiness of Yarns by the Photo-Electric Apparatus
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The photo-electric method for measuring the hairiness of yarns is not recommended for acceptance testing of commercial shipments since experience has shown that results obtained from machines produced by one manufacturer cannot usually be verified by machines produced by another manufacturer. This guide is intended to increase the awareness of the user to available techniques for measuring hairiness. In some cases the purchaser and the supplier may have to test a commercial shipment of one or more specific materials by the best available guide though it has not been recommended for acceptance testing of commercial shipments.
If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, test samples that are as homogenous as possible, drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
There may be a distinct difference in testing speed and tension devices of machines supplied by different manufacturers that may give differences in reported test results.
The measurement of hairiness is important to yarn producers. This guide is useful for process control and research of the yarn surface design at an individual manufacturing facility. Hairiness also is used to provide yarn processing machine design, and indications of malfunctioning process equipment, such as rotors, doffing mechanisms, guides, and travelers. It can be used to identify some causes of ba...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the determination of the hairiness of most filament and spun yarn using a photo-electric sensor apparatus. It is not intended for use on novelty yarns.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5647 − 07 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Guide for
Measuring Hairiness of Yarns by the Photo-Electric
Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5647; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope or computer interface, the number of protruding fibers or
filamentsofaspecificlengthalongaspecifiedsurfacelengthof
1.1 This guide covers the determination of the hairiness of
yarn are counted and reported as hairiness.
most filament and spun yarn using a photo-electric sensor
apparatus. It is not intended for use on novelty yarns.
5. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5.1 The photo-electric method for measuring the hairiness
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
of yarns is not recommended for acceptance testing of com-
standard.
mercial shipments since experience has shown that results
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
obtained from machines produced by one manufacturer cannot
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
usually be verified by machines produced by another manu-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
facturer.Thisguideisintendedtoincreasetheawarenessofthe
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
user to available techniques for measuring hairiness. In some
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
cases the purchaser and the supplier may have to test a
commercial shipment of one or more specific materials by the
2. Referenced Documents
best available guide though it has not been recommended for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
acceptance testing of commercial shipments.
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance be-
D2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing
tween reported test results for two laboratories (or more),
D4849 Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers
comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is
a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical
3. Terminology
assistance.Asaminimum,testsamplesthatareashomogenous
3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.58, Yarns and
as possible, drawn from the material from which the disparate
Fibers, refer to Terminology D4849.
test results were obtained, and randomly assigned in equal
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
numberstoeachlaboratoryfortesting.Thetestresultsfromthe
broken filament, frayed, fuzzy, hairiness, loopy.
two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for
3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles, refer to unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing
series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and
Terminology D123.
corrected or future test results for that material must be
4. Summary of Guide
adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
4.1 A yarn is passed through a photo-electric device con-
5.2 There may be a distinct difference in testing speed and
taining a light beam that is interrupted by the occurrence of
tension devices of machines supplied by different manufactur-
protrudingfibersorfilaments.Bytheuseofadigitalvoltmeter
ers that may give differences in reported test results.
5.3 The measurement of hairiness is important to yarn
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and
producers.Thisguideisusefulforprocesscontrolandresearch
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.58 on Yarns and Fibers.
of the yarn surface design at an individual manufacturing
Current edition approved July 1, 2012. Published August 2012 Originally
facility. Hairiness also is used to provide yarn processing
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5647 – 07. DOI:
10.1520/D5647-07R12.
machine design, and indications of malfunctioning process
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
equipment, such as rotors, doffing mechanisms, guides, and
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
travelers. It can be used to identify some causes of barreness
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. and shade variation in fabrics.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5647 − 07 (2012)
6. Apparatus 8.1.3 When possible, set the yarn take-up winder speed to
3 30 m/min. Otherwise, use the speed closest to 30 m/min for the
6.1 Yarn Hairiness Meter , photo-electric type measuring
machine utilized.
head, equipped with digital volt meter or computer interfacing
8.1.4 Set the fiber measuring length to 1 mm unless other-
capable of counting the number of protruding fibers or broken
wise specified.
filaments of a specific length along the surface of a yarn of
known length, preferably at a measuring height of 1 mm.
NOTE 2—For some types of yarn, 3 mm has been successfully used to
relate to down-line performance.
6.2 Yarn Take-Up Device, capable of winding yarn at
8.1.5 Set fixed test length to 100 m.
variable speeds, and preferably a means for obtaining 30
8.1.6 Ensure the yarn passes centrally in the slot of the
m/min.
measuring head.
8.1.7 When applicable for apparatus equipped with tension
7. Sampling and Number of Specimens, Suggested
adjusting capabilities, set the minimum tension to stabilize the
7.1 Lot Size—A lot is defined as a single shipment, or
yarn; that is, being smooth running and having no vibration.
production run of a single type of yarn.Alot may constitute all
8.1.8 For apparatus not equipped with tension adjusting
or part of a single customer order.
capabilities, set the yarn tension to provide a smooth running
7.2 Lot Sample—As a lot sample when using this guide for yarn having no vibration using the following guide:
acceptance testing, take at random the number of shipping
for greater than 125 tex 28 to 30 g
for66to125tex 18to20g
units directed in an applicable material specification or other
for66texorless 8to10g
agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, such as an
agreement to use Practice D2258. In the absence of such an
9. Conditioning
agreement, take the number of packages specified in Practice
9.1 No conditioning is required unless otherwise agreed
D2258. This may constitute all or part of any one customer
upon, such as in a material specification or contract order.
order or production run. Consider packages of yarn to be the
primary sampling unit.
10. Procedure
10.1 Draw the free end from th
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.