ASTM E1560-18

Standard Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue From Cleanroom Wipers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The NVR obtained by this test method is that amount which is available for release by wipers in normal use.  
5.2 Evaporation of the solvent at the stated temperature is to quantify the NVR that can be expected to exist at room temperature, since the slight difference between room temperature and test temperature has not been shown to result in significant variances.  
5.3 This test method may be more aggressive than necessary for the evaluation of wipers that will be restricted to dry use only.  
5.4 Numerous other methods are being used to determine NVR. This test method is not intended to replace test methods used for other applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of solvent extractable nonvolatile residue (NVR) from wipers used in assembly, cleaning, or testing of spacecraft, but not from those used for analytical surface sampling of hardware.  
1.2 The NVR of interest is that which can be extracted from cleanroom wipers using a specified solvent that has been selected for its extractive qualities. Alternative solvents may be selected, but since their use may result in different values being generated, they must be identified in the procedure data sheet.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3.1 Exception—The inch-pound units are included for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2018
• ICS: 49.025.99 - Other materials
• ICS: 71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
• Technical Committee: E21 - Space Simulation and Applications of Space Technology
• Drafting Committee: E21.05 - Contamination

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E1560-11e1 - Standard Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue From Cleanroom Wipers
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2018
• Refers: ASTM F24-20 - Standard Test Method for Measuring and Counting Particulate Contamination on Surfaces
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2020
• Refers: ASTM E2217-12(2019) - Standard Practice for Design and Construction of Aerospace Cleanrooms and Contamination Controlled Areas
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Refers: ASTM F24-09(2015) - Standard Test Method for Measuring and Counting Particulate Contamination on Surfaces
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2015
• Refers: ASTM E2217-12 - Standard Practice for Design and Construction of Aerospace Cleanrooms and Contamination Controlled Areas
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2012
• Refers: ASTM F50-12 - Standard Practice for Continuous Sizing and Counting of Airborne Particles in Dust-Controlled Areas and Clean Rooms Using Instruments Capable of Detecting Single Sub-Micrometre and Larger Particles
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2012
• Refers: ASTM F24-09 - Standard Method for Measuring and Counting Particulate Contamination on Surfaces
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Refers: ASTM F50-07 - Standard Practice for Continuous Sizing and Counting of Airborne Particles in Dust-Controlled Areas and Clean Rooms Using Instruments Capable of Detecting Single Sub-Micrometre and Larger Particles
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Refers: ASTM E2217-02(2007) - Standard Practice for Design and Construction of Aerospace Cleanrooms and Contamination Controlled Areas
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2007
• Refers: ASTM D1193-06 - Standard Specification for Reagent Water
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2006
• Refers: ASTM F24-04 - Standard Method for Measuring and Counting Particulate Contamination on Surfaces
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Refers: ASTM E2217-02 - Standard Practice for Design and Construction of Aerospace Cleanrooms and Contamination Controlled Areas
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2002
• Refers: ASTM F24-00 - Standard Method for Measuring and Counting Particulate Contamination on Surfaces
• Effective Date: 10-May-2000
• Refers: ASTM D1193-99 - Standard Specification for Reagent Water
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-1999
• Refers: ASTM D1193-99e1 - Standard Specification for Reagent Water
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-1999

Overview

ASTM E1560-18: Standard Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue From Cleanroom Wipers establishes a consistent procedure for quantifying the amount of solvent-extractable nonvolatile residue (NVR) from wipers used in cleanroom environments, particularly in assembly, cleaning, or testing of spacecraft. This standard is vital for contamination control in critical environments where residual contaminants from cleaning materials can adversely impact sensitive equipment or production quality.

The gravimetric method outlined in ASTM E1560-18 helps organizations assess whether cleanroom wipers meet required cleanliness criteria by determining how much extractable residue might be released during typical use. The test simulates wiper behavior in service, providing meaningful and consistent results for quality assurance, material selection, and contamination risk management.

Key Topics

• Nonvolatile Residue (NVR): Focuses on molecular contaminants remaining after solvent extraction and evaporation, a primary concern for high-purity cleanroom applications.
• Gravimetric Analysis: Uses precise weighing techniques to quantify NVR, ensuring accurate and repeatable results.
• Cleanroom Cleanliness: Addresses the importance of minimizing contamination from cleaning tools, supporting stringent cleanroom standards.
• Solvent Selection and Use: Stresses the need to use a suitable solvent with known purity; allows for alternatives, provided they are documented.
• Equipment Preparation: Highlights best practices for cleaning analytical equipment and glassware to reduce background contamination and ensure reliable results.
• Test Reporting: Provides guidance on reporting results by mass per unit area or mass per unit of wiper, including the importance of system blanks and control samples.
• Safety and Compliance: Encourages conformity with safety, health, and environmental practices, and acknowledges regulatory limitations.

Applications

• Aerospace Manufacturing and Assembly: Enables precise monitoring of contamination from wipers during the manufacture and assembly of spacecraft and associated components.
• Semiconductor and Microelectronics: Supports process cleanliness validation where even ultra-low residues can affect product reliability.
• Pharmaceutical and Biotech Cleanrooms: Ensures wipers used in GMP facilities meet strict nonvolatile residue limits to protect product integrity.
• Critical Cleaning Validation: Assists in evaluating and selecting wiper products for environments that require stringent contamination controls, including laboratories and high-purity process areas.
• Quality Control and Supplier Auditing: Facilitates supplier qualification and periodic review of cleaning materials to prevent introduction of unrecognized contaminants.

Related Standards

Organizations using ASTM E1560-18 often rely on related standards for comprehensive contamination control and cleanroom procedures:

• ASTM D1193: Specification for Reagent Water, relevant for solvent and rinse water quality.
• ASTM E2217: Practice for Design and Construction of Aerospace Cleanrooms and Contamination Controlled Areas.
• ASTM F24: Test Method for Measuring and Counting Particulate Contamination on Surfaces.
• ASTM F50: Practice for Continuous Sizing and Counting of Airborne Particles in Dust-Controlled Areas and Clean Rooms.
• MIL-STD-1916: Acceptance on Zero Sampling Inspection procedures.
• IEST-RP-CC001: Guidance on HEPA and ULPA filters for cleanrooms.
• IEST-RP-CC005: Recommendations on gloves and finger cots used in controlled environments.
• ISO 14644-1 & ISO 14644-2: International standards for cleanroom classification and compliance monitoring.

By adhering to ASTM E1560-18 and its referenced documents, organizations maintain the high standards essential for critical manufacturing, research, and contamination-sensitive environments. This standard is a key tool for contamination control professionals ensuring cleanroom wipers perform reliably without introducing unwanted residues.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1560 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue From
Cleanroom Wipers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1560; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope F24Test Method for Measuring and Counting Particulate
Contamination on Surfaces
1.1 This test method covers the determination of solvent
F50Practice for Continuous Sizing and Counting of Air-
extractable nonvolatile residue (NVR) from wipers used in
borne Particles in Dust-Controlled Areas and Clean
assembly, cleaning, or testing of spacecraft, but not from those
Rooms Using Instruments Capable of Detecting Single
used for analytical surface sampling of hardware.
Sub-Micrometre and Larger Particles
1.2 TheNVRofinterestisthatwhichcanbeextractedfrom 3
2.2 Military Standards:
cleanroom wipers using a specified solvent that has been
MIL-STD-1916Acceptance on Zero Sampling Inspection
selectedforitsextractivequalities.Alternativesolventsmaybe
2.3 Federal Standards:
selected,butsincetheirusemayresultindifferentvaluesbeing
Fed. Std. 209E Airborne Particulate Cleanliness Classes in
generated, they must be identified in the procedure data sheet.
Cleanrooms and Clean Zones
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
2.4 Other Documents:
5,6
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
IEST-RP-CC001HEPA and ULPA Filters
standard.
IEST-RP-CC005Gloves and Finger Cots Used in Clean-
1.3.1 Exception—The inch-pound units are included for
rooms and Other Controlled Environments
information only.
ISO 14644-1 Cleanrooms and Associated Controlled
Environments, Classification of air cleanliness
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ISO 14644-2 Cleanrooms and Associated Controlled
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Environments,Specificationsfortestingandmonitoringto
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5,7
prove continued compliance with ISO 14644-1
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3. Terminology
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 3.1 Definitions:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 3.1.1 contaminant—unwanted molecular or particulate mat-
ter that could affect or degrade the performance of the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical components on which they are deposited.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.2 contamination—a process of contaminant transport or
accretion or both.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.3 environmentally controlled area—cleanrooms, clean
2.1 ASTM Standards:
facilities, controlled work areas, and other enclosures that are
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
designed to protect hardware from contamination. Cleanliness
E2217Practice for Design and Construction of Aerospace
Cleanrooms and Contamination Controlled Areas
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E21 on Space dodssp.daps.dla.mil.
Simulation andApplications of SpaceTechnology and is the direct responsibility of Fed-Std-209E has been replaced by ISO 14644-1 and -2, but may continue to
Subcommittee E21.05 on Contamination. be used by mutual agreement.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published November 2018. Originally The use of Di Octyl Phthalate (DOP) in leak testing of filters or filter
ɛ1
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as E1560–11 . DOI: installation is not acceptable.
10.1520/E1560-18. Available from Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology (IEST),
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Arlington Place One, 2340 S.Arlington Heights Rd., Suite 100,Arlington Heights,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM IL 60005-4516, http://www.iest.org.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E1560 − 18
is achieved by controlling airborne particulate matter, 5.4 Numerous other methods are being used to determine
temperature, relative humidity, materials, garments, and per- NVR. This test method is not intended to replace test methods
sonnel activities. Guidelines for controlled areas can be found used for other applications.
in Practice E2217.
6. Apparatus and Materials
3.1.4 high effıciency particulate air (HEPA)—a term de-
6.1 Unidirectional airflow work station, 100% exhaust for
scribing filters having an efficiency of 99.97% for removal of
0.3-µm and larger particles. For this application, filters shall handling solvents. Must meet the particulate air cleanliness
Class 5 (100), or better in accordance with ISO14644-1 and
meet the requirements of IEST-RP-CC001.4 and section 6.1 of
this test method. ISO14644-2 (Fed-Std-209), latest revision when tested in
accordance with Practice F50. HEPAfilters in the work station
3.1.5 molecular contaminant (nonparticulate)—may be in a
must not have been tested with Di-Octyl Phthalate (DOP) at
gaseous, liquid, or solid state. It may be uniformly or nonuni-
any time.Temperature shall be controlled within a range of 20
formly distributed or be in the form of droplets. Molecular
to 25°C and relative humidity to less than 60%.
contaminants account for most of the NVR.
6.2 Analytical balance, 0.01-mg readability, 0.1-mg preci-
3.1.6 NVR—that quantity of molecular matter remaining
sion. Capacity to be determined by user.
after the filtration of a solvent containing contaminants and
evaporation of the solvent at a specified temperature.
6.3 Vacuum filtration system,25-mmdiameter,consistingof
a membrane filter funnel and vacuum pump that will provide a
3.1.7 particle (particulate contaminant)—a piece of matter
pressure of 250 Torr (20-in. Hg vac.). Other size filtration
in a solid state, with observable length, width, and thickness.
systems may be used as needed. All items that will come in
The size of a particle is defined by its greatest dimension and
contactwithsolventsduringanalysisshallbeofglass,stainless
is expressed in µm.
steel, or other material that will not affect the analysis via
induced contamination. Any house vacuum system may be
4. Summary of Test Method
used.
4.1 A wiper to be tested is placed in a clean blanked
6.4 Solvent resistant membrane filters, Fluorocarbon,
container and a measured volume of solvent is added to the
25-mm diameter, 0.2-µm nominal pore size. The use of
container.
supported membrane filters is not recommended because of
4.2 The container is placed in a heated ultrasonic cleaner
possible adverse effects of the solvent on the support media.
and agitated by ultrasonic action for a specified period of time
6.5 Teflon-coated tweezers, or hemostat, unserrated tips.
and the wiper is removed from the container.
6.6 Beakers, low form glass, 500 ml.
4.3 Thesolventinthecontainerisfilteredintoanotherclean
container and allowed to evaporate to a low volume.
6.7 Laboratory detergent, liquid.
4.4 Thesolventistransferredtoacleanpre-weighedweigh- 6.8 Methanol, Reagent grade, A.C.S.
ing dish and evaporated to constant weight.
6.9 Acetone, Reagent grade, A.C.S.
4.5 The results are expressed in milligrams/0.1 square
6.10 Deionized water,organicfree,TypeIIperSpecification
meters of wiper surface area or in mg/unit mass of wiper.
D1193 with a minimum resistivity of 1.0 MΩ-cm.
4.6 A control blank shall be run on all solvents, filtration 8
6.11 Gloves, Barrier-type, low particle-generating, low
components, and all other equipment associated with the
outgassing, per IEST RP-CC005.
analysis. In the event that more than one determination is run
6.12 NVR solvent, Must be verified to contain no more than
the same day, additional blanks will not be necessary, but will
0.35-mgNVRper300-mLsolvent(0.12mgper100mL)when
rely on the blank value from the first test.
tested in accordance with Section 8 of this test method.
4.7 NVRsamplesthusobtainedwillbesavedforanalysisto
NOTE 1—A solvent should be selected that is representative of the
identify contaminant species if a more complete analysis is
service conditions of the wiper. The solvent used must be recorded in the
necessary.
test report. Historically, a solvent consisting of three parts 1,1,1 trichlo-
roethane and one part ethanol v/v has been used. 1.1.1 trichloroethane is
5. Significance and Use an ozone depleting substance that is no longer available. Examples of
solvents currently used are acetone, ethyl acetate, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl
5.1 The NVR obtained by this test method is that amount
alcohol, hexane, and the azeotrope of ethyl acetate/cyclohexane. Ethyl
which is available for release by wipers in normal use.
alcoholandisopropylalcoholaretheleasteffectiveatremovingNVRbut
are used when they reflect actual solvent usage in service.
5.2 Evaporationofthesolventatthestatedtemperatureisto
NOTE 2—In the event that the solvent does not meet the required purity
quantify the NVR that can be expected to exist at room
level,itmaybenecessarytotripledistillit,keepingthetemperatureofthe
temperature,sincetheslightdifferencebetweenroomtempera-
vapor phase of the distillate no more than 0.2°C higher than the boiling
ture and test temperature has not been shown to result in
significant variances.
Gloves are necessary to protect the analyst from exposure to NVR solvent and
5.3 Thistestmethodmaybemoreaggressivethannecessary
to minimize the possibility of introducing any artifacts from the analyst into the
for the evaluation of wipers that will be restricted to dry use
sample.Mustberesistanttothesolventusedandprovideafirmgriponitemsbeing
only. grasped by the gloves.
E1560 − 18
2 9
point of the solvent. Higher temperatures will result in the “carryover” of
m , minimum, in a precleaned 500-mL beaker. For example,
heavier fractions in the vapor phase, which will cause the solvent to fail
awipermeasuring6by6in.willhaveasur
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: E1560 − 11 E1560 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue From
Cleanroom Wipers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1560; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Section 2.4 editorially corrected in January 2012.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of solvent extractable nonvolatile residue (NVR) from wipers used in assembly,
cleaning, or testing of spacecraft, but not from those used for analytical surface sampling of hardware.
1.2 The NVR of interest is that which can be extracted from cleanroom wipers using a specified solvent that has been selected
for its extractive qualities. Alternative solvents may be selected, but since their use may result in different values being generated,
they must be identified in the procedure data sheet.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3.1 Exception—The inch-pound units are included for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E2217 Practice for Design and Construction of Aerospace Cleanrooms and Contamination Controlled Areas
F24 Test Method for Measuring and Counting Particulate Contamination on Surfaces
F50 Practice for Continuous Sizing and Counting of Airborne Particles in Dust-Controlled Areas and Clean Rooms Using
Instruments Capable of Detecting Single Sub-Micrometre and Larger Particles
2.2 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-1916 Acceptance on Zero Sampling Inspection
2.3 Federal Standards:
Fed. Std. 209E Airborne Particulate Cleanliness Classes in Cleanrooms and Clean Zones
2.4 Other Documents:
5,6
IEST-RP-CC001 HEPA and ULPA Filters
IEST-RP-CC005 Gloves and Finger Cots Used in Cleanrooms and Other Controlled Environments
ISO 14644-1 Cleanrooms and Associated Controlled Environments, Classification of air cleanliness
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E21 on Space Simulation and Applications of Space Technology and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E21.05 on Contamination.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011Nov. 1, 2018. Published January 2012November 2018. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20062011
ɛ1
as E1560 – 06.E1560 – 11 . DOI: 10.1520/E1560-11.10.1520/E1560-18.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://dodssp.daps.dla.mil.
Fed-Std-209E has been replaced by ISO 14644-1 and -2, but may continue to be used by mutual agreement.
The use of Di Octyl Phthalate (DOP) in leak testing of filters or filter installation is not acceptable.
Available from Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology (IEST), Arlington Place One, 2340 S. Arlington Heights Rd., Suite 100, Arlington Heights, IL
60005-4516, http://www.iest.org.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E1560 − 18
ISO 14644-2 Cleanrooms and Associated Controlled Environments, Specifications for testing and monitoring to prove continued
5,7
compliance with ISO 14644-1
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 contaminant—unwanted molecular or particulate matter that could affect or degrade the performance of the components
on which they are deposited.
3.1.2 contamination—a process of contaminant transport or accretion or both.
3.1.3 environmentally controlled area—cleanrooms, clean facilities, controlled work areas, and other enclosures that are
designed to protect hardware from contamination. Cleanliness is achieved by controlling airborne particulate matter, temperature,
relative humidity, materials, garments, and personnel activities. Guidelines for controlled areas can be found in Practice E2217.
3.1.4 high effıciency particulate air (HEPA)—a term describing filters having an efficiency of 99.97 % for removal of 0.3-μm
and larger particles. For this application, filters shall meet the requirements of IEST-RP-CC001.4 and section 6.1 of this test
method.
3.1.5 molecular contaminant (nonparticulate)—may be in a gaseous, liquid, or solid state. It may be uniformly or nonuniformly
distributed or be in the form of droplets. Molecular contaminants account for most of the NVR.
3.1.6 NVR—that quantity of molecular matter remaining after the filtration of a solvent containing contaminants and evaporation
of the solvent at a specified temperature.
3.1.7 particle (particulate contaminant)—a piece of matter in a solid state, with observable length, width, and thickness. The
size of a particle is defined by its greatest dimension and is expressed in μm.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A wiper to be tested is placed in a clean blanked container and a measured volume of solvent is added to the container.
4.2 The container is placed in a heated ultrasonic cleaner and agitated by ultrasonic action for a specified period of time and
the wiper is removed from the container.
4.3 The solvent in the container is filtered into another clean container and allowed to evaporate to a low volume.
4.4 The solvent is transferred to a clean pre-weighed weighing dish and evaporated to constant weight.
4.5 The results are expressed in milligrams/0.1 square meters of wiper surface area or in mg/unit mass of wiper.
4.6 A control blank shall be run on all solvents, filtration components, and all other equipment associated with the analysis. In
the event that more than one determination is run the same day, additional blanks will not be necessary, but will rely on the blank
value from the first test.
4.7 NVR samples thus obtained will be saved for analysis to identify contaminant species if a more complete analysis is
necessary.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The NVR obtained by this test method is that amount which is available for release by wipers in normal use.
5.2 Evaporation of the solvent at the stated temperature is to quantify the NVR that can be expected to exist at room
temperature, since the slight difference between room temperature and test temperature has not been shown to result in significant
variances.
5.3 This test method may be more aggressive than necessary for the evaluation of wipers that will be restricted to dry use only.
5.4 Numerous other methods are being used to determine NVR. This test method is not intended to replace test methods used
for other applications.
6. Apparatus and Materials
6.1 Unidirectional airflow work station, 100 % exhaust for handling solvents. Must meet the particulate air cleanliness Class
5 (100), or better in accordance with ISO 14644-1 and ISO 14644-2 (Fed-Std-209), latest revision when tested in accordance with
Practice F50. HEPA filters in the work station must not have been tested with Di-Octyl Phthalate (DOP) at any time. Temperature
shall be controlled within a range of 20 to 25°C and relative humidity to less than 60 %.
6.2 Analytical balance, 0.01-mg readability, 0.1-mg precision. Capacity to be determined by user.
6.3 Vacuum filtration system, 25-mm diameter, consisting of a membrane filter funnel and vacuum pump that will provide a
pressure of 250 Torr (20-in. Hg vac.). Other size filtration systems may be used as needed. All items that will come in contact with
solvents during analysis shall be of glass, stainless steel, or other material that will not affect the analysis via induced
contamination. Any house vacuum system may be used.
E1560 − 18
6.4 Solvent resistant membrane filters, Fluorocarbon, 25-mm diameter, 0.2-μm nominal pore size. The use of supported
membrane filters is not recommended because of possible adverse effects of the solvent on the support media.
6.5 Teflon-coated tweezers, or hemostat, unserrated tips.
6.6 Beakers, low form glass, 500 ml.
6.7 Laboratory detergent, liquid.
6.8 Methanol, Reagent grade, A.C.S.
6.9 Acetone, Reagent grade, A.C.S.
6.10 Deionized water, organic free, Type II per Specification D1193 with a minimum resistivity of 1.0 MΩ-cm.
6.11 Gloves, Barrier-type, low particle-generating, low outgassing, per IEST RP-CC005.
6.12 NVR solvent, Must be verified to contain no more than 0.35-mg NVR per 300-mL solvent (0.12 mg per 100 mL) when
tested in accordance with Section 8 of this test method.
NOTE 1—A solvent should be selected that is representative of the service conditions of the wiper. The solvent used must be recorded in the test report.
Historically, a solvent consisting of three parts 1,1,1 trichloroethane and one part ethanol v/v has been used. 1.1.1 trichloroethane is an ozone depleting
substance that is no longer available. Examples of solvents currently used are acetone, ethyl acetate, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, hexane, and the
azeotrope of ethyl acetate/cyclohexane. Ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol are the least effective at removing NVR but are used when they reflect actual
solvent usage in service.
NOTE 2—In the event that the solvent does not meet the required purity level, it may be necessary to triple distill it, keeping the temperature of the
vapor phase of the distillate no more than 0.2°C higher than the boiling point of the solvent. Higher temperatures will result in the “carryover” of heavier
fractions in the vapor phase, which will cause the solvent to fail the required purity tests.
6.13 Ultrasonic tank, 5.7-L capacity nominal, with heater capable of maintaining a temperature of 35 6 2°C, and cover to
position beakers in tank. Other sizes may be used.
6.14 Evaporating dishes, aluminum foil, 43-mm diameter, or acceptable equivalent.
6.15 Drying oven (desiccator), cleanroom compatible, stainless steel interior.
7. Preparation of Equipment
7.1 All operations shall be performed in a work station in accordance with section 6.1.
7.2 Wash all glassware, filter funnels, weighing dishes, and associated tools in a 3 % solution of liquid d
...