ASTM D4310-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Sludging and Corrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Mineral Oils
Standard Test Method for Determination of Sludging and Corrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Mineral Oils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Insoluble material may form in oils that are subjected to oxidizing conditions.
5.2 Significant formation of oil insolubles or metal corrosion products, or both, during this test may indicate that the oil will form insolubles or corrode metals, or both, during field service. However, no correlation with field service has been established.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is used to evaluate the tendency of inhibited mineral oil based steam turbine lubricants and mineral oil based anti-wear hydraulic oils to corrode copper catalyst metal and to form sludge during oxidation in the presence of oxygen, water, and copper and iron metals at an elevated temperature. The test method is also used for testing circulating oils having a specific gravity less than that of water and containing rust and oxidation inhibitors.
Note 1: During round robin testing copper and iron in the oil, water and sludge phases were measured. However, the values for the total iron were found to be so low (that is, below 0.8 mg), that statistical analysis was inappropriate. The results of the cooperative test program are available (see Section 16).
1.2 This test method is a modification of Test Method D943 where the oxidation stability of the same kinds of oils is determined by following the acid number of oil. The number of test hours required for the oil to reach an acid number of 2.0 mg KOH/g is the oxidation lifetime.
1.3 Procedure A of this test method requires the determination and report of the weight of the sludge and the total amount of copper in the oil, water, and sludge phases. Procedure B requires the sludge determination only. The acid number determination is optional for both procedures.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7 and X1.1.5.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D4310 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Sludging and Corrosion Tendencies of
1
Inhibited Mineral Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4310; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited
by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales
1.1 This test method covers and is used to evaluate the
in their location.
tendency of inhibited mineral oil based steam turbine lubri-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
cants and mineral oil based anti-wear hydraulic oils to corrode
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
copper catalyst metal and to form sludge during oxidation in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
thepresenceofoxygen,water,andcopperandironmetalsatan
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
elevated temperature. The test method is also used for testing
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
circulating oils having a specific gravity less than that of water
For specific warning statements, see Section 7 and X1.1.5.
and containing rust and oxidation inhibitors.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
NOTE 1—During round robin testing copper and iron in the oil, water
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
and sludge phases were measured. However, the values for the total iron
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
were found to be so low (that is, below 0.8 mg), that statistical analysis
was inappropriate. The results of the cooperative test program are Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
available (see Section 16).
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.2 This test method is a modification of Test Method D943
where the oxidation stability of the same kinds of oils is
2. Referenced Documents
determinedbyfollowingtheacidnumberofoil.Thenumberof
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
test hours required for the oil to reach an acid number of
A510 Specification for General Requirements forWire Rods
2.0 mg KOH/g is the oxidation lifetime.
and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel (Metric) A0510_
1.3 Procedure A of this test method requires the determina-
A0510M
tion and report of the weight of the sludge and the total amount
B1 Specification for Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
of copper in the oil, water, and sludge phases. Procedure B
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
requires the sludge determination only. The acid number
by Potentiometric Titration
determination is optional for both procedures.
D874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
and Additives
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited
standard.
Mineral Oils
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
1.5 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
D3339 Test Method forAcid Number of Petroleum Products
regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause
by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been dem-
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
onstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials.
Petroleum Products
Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
3
2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
for additional information. The potential exists that selling
Specification for IP Standard Thermometers
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.09.0C on Oxidation of Turbine Oils. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2020. Published February 2020. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D4310 – 10 (2015). Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, W1G 7AR,
DOI: 10.1520/D4310-20. U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4310 − 10 (Reapproved 2015) D4310 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Sludging and Corrosion Tendencies of
1
Inhibited Mineral Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4310; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers and is used to evaluate the tendency of inhibited mineral oil based steam turbine lubricants and
mineral oil based anti-wear hydraulic oils to corrode copper catalyst metal and to form sludge during oxidation in the presence
of oxygen, water, and copper and iron metals at an elevated temperature. The test method is also used for testing circulating oils
having a specific gravity less than that of water and containing rust and oxidation inhibitors.
NOTE 1—During round robin testing copper and iron in the oil, water and sludge phases were measured. However, the values for the total iron were
found to be so low (that is, below 0.8 mg), that statistical analysis was inappropriate. The results of the cooperative test program are available (see Section
16).
1.2 This test method is a modification of Test Method D943 where the oxidation stability of the same kinds of oils is determined
by following the acid number of oil. The number of test hours required for the oil to reach an acid number of 2.0 mg KOH/g is
the oxidation lifetime.
1.3 Procedure A of this test method requires the determination and report of the weight of the sludge and the total amount of
copper in the oil, water, and sludge phases. Procedure B requires the sludge determination only. The acid number determination
is optional for both procedures.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous materialsubstance that can cause
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, may has been demonstrated to be
hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury
containing mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware (SDS) for additional informa-
tion. The potential exists that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by
law.or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their
location.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7 and X1.1.5.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A510 Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel (Metric) A0510_A0510M
B1 Specification for Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.09.0C on Oxidation of Turbine Oils.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015Jan. 1, 2020. Published December 2015February 2020. Originally approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 20102015
as D4310 – 10.D4310 – 10 (2015). DOI: 10.1520/D4310-10R15.10.1520/D4310-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the AS
...
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