ASTM D1946-90(2011)

Standard Practice for Analysis of Reformed Gas by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The information about the chemical composition can be used to calculate physical properties of the gas, such as heating (calorific) value and relative density. Combustion characteristics, products of combustion, toxicity, and interchangeability with other fuel gases may also be inferred from the chemical composition.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the chemical composition of reformed gases and similar gaseous mixtures containing the following components: hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, and ethylene.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2011
• ICS: 75.160.30 - Gaseous fuels
• Technical Committee: D03 - Gaseous Fuels

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1946-90(2006) - Standard Practice for Analysis of Reformed Gas by Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Replaced By: ASTM D1946-90(2015)e1 - Standard Practice for Analysis of Reformed Gas by Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D7663-12(2018)e1 - Standard Practice for Active Soil Gas Sampling in the Vadose Zone for Vapor Intrusion Evaluations
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D7940-21 - Standard Practice for Analysis of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) by Fiber-Coupled Raman Spectroscopy
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D6968-03(2015) - Standard Test Method for Simultaneous Measurement of Sulfur Compounds and Minor Hydrocarbons in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Atomic Emission Detection
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D3588-98(2017)e1 - Standard Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D7164-21 - Standard Practice for On-line/At-line Heating Value Determination of Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D7833-20 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons and Non-Hydrocarbon Gases in Gaseous Mixtures by Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E2993-16 - Standard Guide for Evaluating Potential Hazard as a Result of Methane in the Vadose Zone
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1946 − 90(Reapproved 2011)
Standard Practice for
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Analysis of Reformed Gas by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1946; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope characteristics, products of combustion, toxicity, and inter-
changeability with other fuel gases may also be inferred from
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the chemical
the chemical composition.
composition of reformed gases and similar gaseous mixtures
containing the following components: hydrogen, oxygen,
5. Apparatus
nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, ethane,
and ethylene.
5.1 Detector—The detector shall be a thermal conductivity
type or its equivalent in stability and sensitivity. The thermal
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
conductivity detector must be sufficiently sensitive to produce
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
a signal of at least 0.5 mV for 1 mol% methane in a 0.5-mL
standard.
sample.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 5.2 Recording Instruments—Either strip chart recorders or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- electronicintegrators,orboth,areusedtodisplaytheseparated
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- components. Although a strip chart recorder is not required
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. when using electronic integration, it is highly desirable for
evaluation of instrument performance.
2. Referenced Documents
5.2.1 Therecorder,whenused,shallbeastripchartrecorder
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with a full-range scale of 5 mV or less (1 mV preferred). The
2.1 ASTM Standards:
width of the chart shall be not less than 150 mm.Amaximum
E260Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
pen response time of2s(1s preferred) and a minimum chart
3. Summary of Practice
speed of 10 mm/min shall be required. Faster speeds up to 100
mm/min are desirable if the chromatogram is to be interpreted
3.1 Components in a sample of reformed gas are physically
using manual methods to obtain areas.
separatedbygaschromatographyandcomparedtocorrespond-
5.2.2 Electronic or Computing Integrators—Proof of sepa-
ing components of a reference standard separated under
ration and response equivalent to that for the recorder is
identical operating conditions, using a reference standard
required for displays other than by chart recorder.
mixture of known composition. The composition of the re-
formed gas is calculated by comparison of either the peak
5.3 Attenuator—If manual methods are used to interpret the
height or area response of each component with the corre-
chromatogram, an attenuator must be used with the detector
sponding value of that component in the reference standard.
output signal to keep the peak maxima within the range of the
recorderchart.Theattenuatormustbeaccuratetowithin0.5%
4. Significance and Use
between the attenuator range steps.
4.1 The information about the chemical composition can be
5.4 Sample Inlet System:
usedtocalculatephysicalpropertiesofthegas,suchasheating
5.4.1 The sample inlet system must be constructed of
(calorific) value and relative density. Combustion
materials that are inert and nonadsorptive with respect to the
components in the sample. The preferred material of construc-
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This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous tion is stainless steel. Copper and copper-bearing alloys are
Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.07 on Analysis of
unacceptable.
Chemical Composition of Gaseous Fuels.
5.4.2 Provision must be made to introduce into the carrier
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published December 2011. Originally
gasaheadoftheanalyzingcolumnagas-phasesamplethathas
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D1946–90 (2006).
DOI: 10.1520/D1946-90R11.
beenentrappedineitherafixedvolumelooportubularsection.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Theinjectedvolumemustbereproduciblesuchthatsuccessive
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
runsofthesamesampleagreewithinthelimitsofrepeatability
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. for the concentration range as specified in 11.1.1.
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