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ASTM D1160-03

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure

Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination, at reduced pressures, of the range of boiling points for petroleum products that can be partially or completely vaporized at a maximum liquid temperature of 400°C. Both a manual method and an automatic method are specified.
1.2 In cases of dispute, the referee test method is the manual test method at a mutually agreed upon pressure.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 6.1.4, 6.1.8.1, 10.11, and A3.2.1.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jun-2003
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.08 - Volatility
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D1160-02a - Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Replaced By
ASTM D1160-06 - Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM D7807-20 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Boiling Range Distribution of Hydrocarbon and Sulfur Components of Petroleum Distillates by Gas Chromatography and Chemiluminescence Detection
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Referred By
ASTM D7345-17 - Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure (Micro Distillation Method)
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Referred By
ASTM D7798-20 - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with Final Boiling Points up to 538 °C by Ultra Fast Gas Chromatography (UF GC)
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Referred By
ASTM D7213-15(2019) - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates in the Boiling Range from 100 °C to 615 °C by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Referred By
ASTM D2887-22e1 - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Referred By
ASTM F3418-20 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Transition Temperatures of Slack Waxes used in Equine Sports Surfaces by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Referred By
ASTM D7500-15(2019) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Boiling Range Distribution of Distillates and Lubricating Base Oils—in Boiling Range from 100 °C to 735 °C by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Referred By
ASTM D7344-17a - Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure (Mini Method)
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Referred By
ASTM D4616-95(2018) - Standard Test Method for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light and Determination of Mesophase in a Pitch
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Referred By
ASTM E609-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Pesticides
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Referred By
ASTM D7665-22 - Standard Guide for Evaluation of Biodegradable Heat Transfer Fluids
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Referred By
ASTM D6751-23a - Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blendstock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Referred By
ASTM D6352-19e1 - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates in Boiling Range from 174 °C to 700 °C by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003

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ASTM D1160-03 - Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation:D1160–03
Standard Test Method for
1
Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1160; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination, at reduced 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
pressures,oftherangeofboilingpointsforpetroleumproducts 3.1.1 atmospheric equivalent temperature (AET)—the tem-
that can be partially or completely vaporized at a maximum peratureconvertedfromthemeasuredvaportemperatureusing
liquid temperature of 400°C. Both a manual method and an EqA7.1. TheAET is the expected distillate temperature if the
automatic method are specified. distillation was performed at atmospheric pressure and there
1.2 Incasesofdispute,therefereetestmethodisthemanual was no thermal decomposition.
test method at a mutually agreed upon pressure. 3.1.2 end point (EP) or final boiling point (FBP)—the
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the maximum vapor temperature reached during the test.
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. 3.1.3 initial boiling point (IBP)—thevaportemperaturethat
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the ismeasuredattheinstantthefirstdropofcondensatefallsfrom
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the the lower end of the condenser section drip tip.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3.1.3.1 Discussion—Whenachainisattachedtothedriptip
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- the first drop will form and run down the chain. In automatic
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard apparatus, the first drop detection device shall be located as
statements, see 6.1.4, 6.1.8.1, 10.11, and A3.2.1. near to the lower end of the drip tip as practical.
3.1.4 spillover point—thehighestpointofthelowerinternal
2. Referenced Documents
junction of the distillation column and the condensing section
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of the vacuum-jacketed column assembly.
2
D613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
3
4. Summary of Test Method
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
4
D1250 Guide for Petroleum Measurement Tables 4.1 The sample is distilled at an accurately controlled
D1298 TestMethodforDensity,RelativeDensity(Specific pressure between 0.13 and 6.7 kPa (1 and 50 mm Hg) under
Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid conditions that are designed to provide approximately one
4
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method theoretical plate fractionation. Data are obtained from which
D4052 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of theinitialboilingpoint,thefinalboilingpoint,andadistillation
5
Liquids by Digital Density Meter curve relating volume percent distilled and atmospheric
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and equivalent boiling point temperature can be prepared.
5
Petroleum Products
5. Significance and Use
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
5
5.1 This test method is used for the determination of the
Petroleum Products
distillation characteristics of petroleum products and fractions
that may decompose if distilled at atmospheric pressure. This
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
boiling range, obtained at conditions designed to obtain ap-
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
proximately one theoretical plate fractionation, can be used in
D02.08 on Volatility.
engineering calculations to design distillation equipment, to
Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published August 2003. Originally
approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D1160–02a.
prepare appropriate blends for industrial purposes, to deter-
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.05.
mine compliance with regulatory rules, to determine the
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
4 suitability of the product as feed to a refining process, or for a
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02. host of other purposes.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version
...

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ASTM D7213-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates in the Boiling Range from 100 °C to 615 °C by Gas Chromatography

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5.1 The boiling range distribution of light and medium petroleum distillate fractions provides an insight into the composition of feed stocks and products related to petroleum refining process, This gas chromatographic determination of boiling range can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations. This test method can be used for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products. This test method is applicable to petroleum distillates having an initial boiling point greater than 100 °C and a final boiling point less than 615 °C at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method.  
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of solvent extractables in petroleum waxes.  
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5.1 Determination of the color of petroleum products is used mainly for manufacturing control purposes and is an important quality characteristic since color is readily observed by the user of the product. In some cases the color may serve as an indication of the degree of refinement of the material. When the color range of a particular product is known, a variation outside the established range can indicate possible contamination with another product. However, color is not always a reliable guide to product quality and should not be used indiscriminately in product specifications.
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Standard Practice for Calculating Viscosity of a Blend of Petroleum Products

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5.1 Predicting the viscosity of a blend of components is a common problem. Both the Wright Blending Method and the ASTM Blending Method, described in this practice, may be used to solve this problem.  
5.2 The inverse problem, predicating the required blend fractions of components to meet a specified viscosity at a given temperature may also be solved using either the Inverse Wright Blending Method or the Inverse ASTM Blending Method.  
5.3 The Wright Blending Methods are generally preferred since they have a firmer basis in theory, and are more accurate. The Wright Blending Methods require component viscosities to be known at two temperatures. The ASTM Blending Methods are mathematically simpler and may be used when viscosities are known at a single temperature.  
5.4 Although this practice was developed using kinematic viscosity and volume fraction of each component, the dynamic viscosity or mass fraction, or both, may be used instead with minimal error if the densities of the components do not differ greatly. For fuel blends, it was found that viscosity blending using mass fractions gave more accurate results. For base stock blends, there was no significant difference between mass fraction and volume fraction calculations.  
5.5 The calculations described in this practice have been computerized as a spreadsheet and are available as an adjunct.3
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for calculating the estimated kinematic viscosity of a blend of two or more petroleum products, such as lubricating oil base stocks, fuel components, residual fuel oil with kerosene, crude oils, and related products, from their kinematic viscosities and blend fractions.  
1.2 This practice allows for the estimation of the fraction of each of two petroleum products needed to prepare a blend meeting a specific viscosity.  
1.3 This practice may not be applicable to other types of products, or to materials which exhibit strong non-Newtonian properties, such as viscosity index improvers, additive packages, and products containing particulates.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 Logarithms may be either common logarithms or natural logarithms, as long as the same are used consistently. This practice uses common logarithms. If natural logarithms are used, the inverse function, exp(×), must be used in place of the base 10 exponential function, 10×, used herein.  
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ASTM D2887-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions provides an insight into the composition of feedstocks and products related to petroleum refining processes. The gas chromatographic simulation of this determination can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations. This test method can be used for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are essentially equivalent to those obtained by true boiling point (TBP) distillation (see Test Method D2892). They are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillations such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160.  
5.3 Procedure B was tested with biodiesel mixtures and reports the Boiling Point Distribution of FAME esters of vegetable and animal origin mixed with ultra low sulfur diesel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products. The test method is applicable to petroleum products and fractions having a final boiling point of 538 °C (1000 °F) or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. This test method is limited to samples having a boiling range greater than 55.5 °C (100 °F), and having a vapor pressure sufficiently low to permit sampling at ambient temperature.
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1.1.1 Procedure A (Sections 6 – 14)—Allows a larger selection of columns and analysis conditions such as packed and capillary columns as well as a Thermal Conductivity Detector in addition to the Flame Ionization Detector. Analysis times range from 14 min to 60 min.  
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1.2 This test method is not to be used for the analysis of gasoline samples or gasoline components. These types of samples must be analyzed by Test Method D7096.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D4952-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sulfur present as mercaptans or as hydrogen sulfide in distillate fuels and solvents can attack many metallic and non-metallic materials in fuel and other distribution systems. A negative result in the doctor test ensures that the concentration of these compounds is insufficient to cause such problems in normal use.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is intended primarily for the detection of mercaptans in motor fuel, kerosine, and similar petroleum products. This method may also provide information on hydrogen sulfide and elemental sulfur that may be present in these sample types.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific warning statements, see 7.3.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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