ASTM E2229-09
(Practice)Standard Practices for Interpretation of Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (Polygraph) Data
Standard Practices for Interpretation of Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (Polygraph) Data
ABSTRACT
This practice establishes both the global and the numerical procedures for the systematic interpretation and analysis of psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) data. Examiners shall use the method for which they have been formally trained, and these procedures shall be correctly matched to the PDD examination format.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices establish procedures for the systematic interpretation and analysis of Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD) data.
1.2 Any test data analysis procedure used shall be correctly matched to the PDD examination format. Examiners shall use evaluation methods for which they have been formally trained.
1.2.1 Acceptable test data analysis procedures are those published in refereed or technical journals, and for which published replications of the procedures have confirmed their efficacy.
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Designation: E2229 − 09
Standard Practices for
Interpretation of Psychophysiological Detection of
1
Deception (Polygraph) Data
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2229; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.1.7 response duration—period between a phasic response
onset and return to baseline.
1.1 These practices establish procedures for the systematic
2.1.8 response latency—time between stimulus and re-
interpretationandanalysisofPsychophysiologicalDetectionof
Deception (PDD) data. sponse onsets.
2.1.9 response window—the period in which physiological
1.2 Any test data analysis procedure used shall be correctly
responding normally occurs and recovers after stimulus onset.
matched to the PDD examination format. Examiners shall use
Response windows vary by channel.
evaluation methods for which they have been formally trained.
1.2.1 Acceptable test data analysis procedures are those
2.1.10 score—a number systematically assigned to an estab-
published in refereed or technical journals, and for which
lished set of comparisons within a PDD recording.
published replications of the procedures have confirmed their
2.1.11 spot score—sum of scores associated with an indi-
efficacy.
vidual relevant question across all test recordings.
2. Terminology
2.1.12 stimulus onset—commencement of stimulus presen-
tation.
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.1.1 3–position scale—whole number values from -1to 1 2.1.13 tonic level—resting or baseline activity level of the
assigned systematically to responses to relevant and compari-
examinee.
son questions. These values are summed, and the PDD out-
2.1.14 total numerical score—sum of scores for an entire
come is governed by specified decision rules for which these
series of charts and questions.
sums are used.
2.1.2 7–position scale—whole number values from -3 to 3
3. Summary of Practices
assigned systematically to responses to relevant and compari-
3.1 Global Evaluation:
son questions. These values are summed, and the PDD out-
3.1.1 Evaluators utilizing global interpretation shall:
come is governed by specified decision rules for which these
3.1.1.1 Be formally trained in global interpretation.
sums are used.
3.1.1.2 Confirm that the recordings are suitable for global
2.1.3 rank—a number assigned to individual responses
evaluation. If they are not suitable, no evaluation shall be
within a PDD recording hierarchically, according to relative
undertaken for the purpose of diagnosing truthfulness or
response intensity.
deception. Nothing shall preclude an evaluator from reporting
2.1.4 rank order scoring—assignment of ranks according to evidence of countermeasures when this evidence exists.
relative magnitude of the responses. The PDD outcome is
3.1.1.3 Use analysis methods generally recognized to be
governed by specified decision rules using these ranks. accurate.
3.1.2 When possible, numerical evaluation shall be pre-
2.1.5 respiration line length—sum of the length of the
ferred over global evaluation.
respiration waveform over a fixed time period.
3.2 Numerical Evaluation:
2.1.6 response amplitude—magnitude of a response from
3.2.1 Evaluators employing numerical evaluation shall first
stimulus onset to maximum expression of the response within
the response window. verify that the PDD recordings are suitable for evaluation. If
they are not suitable, no evaluation shall be undertaken for the
1
purpose of diagnosing truthfulness or deception.
ThesepracticesareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE52onForensic
Psychophysiology and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E52.05 on
3.2.1.1 Nothing shall preclude an evaluator from reporting
Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD).
evidence of countermeasures when this evidence exists.
Current edition approved March 1, 2009. Published March 2009. Originally
3.2.2 There are four principal components to numerical
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E2229 – 02. DOI:
10.1520/E2229-09. evaluation. They are:
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E2229 − 09
3.2.2.1 Identification of diagnostic tracing features. 3.2.5 While others may occur in individual cases, there is
one primary diagnostic feature in the cardiograph channel that
3.2.2.2 Assignment of numerical values according to the
has been empirically verified. It is the rise in the cardiograph
relative intensity of the tracing features.
tracing baseline.
3.2.2.3 Comput
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E2229–02 Designation: E 2229 – 09
Standard Practices for
Interpretation of Psychophysiological Detection of
1
Deception (Polygraph) Data
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2229; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1This practice establishes1.1 These practices establish procedures for the systematic interpretation and analysis of
Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD) data.
1.2 Any test data analysis procedure used shall be correctly matched to the PDD examination format. Examiners shall use
evaluation methods for which they have been formally trained.
1.2.1 Acceptable test data analysis procedures are those published in refereed or technical journals, and for which published
replications of the procedures have confirmed their efficacy.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1ASTM Standards:
E2031Practice for Quality Control of Psychophysiological Detection of Deception Polygraph Examinations
2
E2035Terminology Relating to Forensic Psychophysiology
2
E2062Guide for PDD Examination Standards of Practice
3.Terminology
3.1
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1
2.1.1 3–position scale—whole number values from -1to 1 assigned systematically to responses to relevant and comparison
questions. These values are summed, and the PDD outcome is governed by specified decision rules for which these sums are used.
3.1.2
2.1.2 7–position scale—whole number values from -3 to 3 assigned systematically to responses to relevant and comparison
questions. These values are summed, and the PDD outcome is governed by specified decision rules for which these sums are used.
3.1.3
2.1.3 rank—a number assigned to individual responses within a PDD recording hierarchically, according to relative response
intensity.
3.1.4
2.1.4 rank order scoring—assignment of ranks according to relative magnitude of the responses.The PDD outcome is governed
by specified decision rules using these ranks.
3.1.5
2.1.5 respiration line length—sum of the length of the respiration waveform over a fixed time period.
3.1.6
2.1.6 response amplitude—magnitude of a response from stimulus onset to maximum expression of the response within the
response window.
3.1.7
2.1.7 response duration—period between a phasic response onset and return to baseline.
3.1.8
2.1.8 response latency—time between stimulus and response onsets.
1
ThesepracticesareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE52onPsychophysiologyandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE52.05onPsychophysiological
Detection of Deception (PDD).
Current edition approved August 10, 2002. Published October 2002.
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E52 on Forensic Psychophysiology and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E52.05 on
Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD).
Current edition approved March 1, 2009. Published March 2009. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E 2229–02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2229–09
3.1.9
2.1.9 response window—the period in which physiological responding normally occurs and recovers after stimulus onset.
Response windows vary by channel.
3.1.10
2.1.10 score—a number systematically assigned to an established set of comparisons within a PDD recording.
3.1.11
2.1.11 spot score—sum of scores associated with an individual relevant question across all test recordings.
3.1.12
2.1.12 stimulus onset—commencement of stimulus presentation.
3.1.13
2.1.13 tonic level—resting or baseline activity level of the examinee.
3.1.14
2.1.14 total numerical score—sum of scores for an entire series of charts and questions.
4.
3. Summary of Practices
4.1
3.1 Global Evaluation:
43.1.1 Evaluators utilizing global interpretation shall:
43.1.1.1 Be formally trained in global interpretation.
43.1.1.2 Confirmthattherecordingsaresuitableforglobalevaluation.Iftheyarenotsuitable,noevaluationshallbeundertaken
for the purpose of diagnosing truthfulness or deception. Nothing shall preclude an evaluator from reporting evidence of
countermeasures when this evidence exists.
43.1.1.3 Use analysis methods generally recognized to be accurate.
43.1.2 When possible, n
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