ASTM D8002-24
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Modified Fouling Index (MFI-0.45) of Water
Standard Test Method for Modified Fouling Index (MFI-0.45) of Water
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is an alternative for the silt density index (SDI) method (Test Method D4189) with the aim to overcome inaccuracies related to a nonlinear relation with the fouling potential due to particulate matter concentration, absence of temperature correction, support pad, and time.
5.2 The MFI-0.45 can serve as a useful indication of the quantity of particulate matter.
5.3 The MFI-0.45 can be used to determine effectiveness of various processes such as filtration or clarification used to remove particulate matter.
5.4 The MFI-0.45 has empirically been correlated with fouling tendency of some water treatment equipment such as reverse osmosis (RO) devices.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the modified fouling index (MFI) of water measured at constant pressure. This test can be used to indicate the fouling potential of reverse osmosis/nanofiltration (RO/NF) feed water due particulate matter and is applicable to low and high turbidity waters. Since the size, shape, and nature of particulate matter in water may vary, this test method is not an absolute measurement of the quantity of particulate matter.
1.2 This test method is not applicable for reagent-grade water Types I, II, and III of Specification D1193 or effluents from most reverse osmosis and ultra-filtration systems.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D8002 − 24
Standard Test Method for
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Modified Fouling Index (MFI-0.45) of Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8002; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Flowing Process
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the modi-
Streams
fied fouling index (MFI) of water measured at constant
D4189 Test Method for Silt Density Index (SDI) of Water
pressure. This test can be used to indicate the fouling potential
D6161 Terminology Used for Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration,
of reverse osmosis/nanofiltration (RO/NF) feed water due
Nanofiltration, and Reverse Osmosis Membrane Processes
particulate matter and is applicable to low and high turbidity
D7726 Guide for The Use of Various Turbidimeter Tech-
waters. Since the size, shape, and nature of particulate matter in
nologies for Measurement of Turbidity in Water
water may vary, this test method is not an absolute measure-
ment of the quantity of particulate matter.
3. Terminology
1.2 This test method is not applicable for reagent-grade
3.1 Definitions:
water Types I, II, and III of Specification D1193 or effluents
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
from most reverse osmosis and ultra-filtration systems.
Terminologies D1129 and D6161.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this 3.2.1 modified fouling index, MFI-0.45, n—index calculated
from the development of filtration velocity through a 0.45 μm
standard.
membrane filter. D2777
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Summary of Test Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Water is passed through a 0.45 μm membrane filter at
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
constant pressure of 200 kPa and the development of the rate
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of filtration is measured continuously.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 4.2 The MFI is calculated from the obtained data of flow
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
versus time at constant pressure and temperature.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5. Significance and Use
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 5.1 This test method is an alternative for the silt density
index (SDI) method (Test Method D4189) with the aim to
2. Referenced Documents
overcome inaccuracies related to a nonlinear relation with the
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fouling potential due to particulate matter concentration, ab-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
sence of temperature correction, support pad, and time.
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
5.2 The MFI-0.45 can serve as a useful indication of the
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
quantity of particulate matter.
5.3 The MFI-0.45 can be used to determine effectiveness of
various processes such as filtration or clarification used to
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
remove particulate matter.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.08 on Membranes and Ion
Exchange Materials.
5.4 The MFI-0.45 has empirically been correlated with
Current edition approved April 1, 2024. Published April 2024. Originally
ɛ1 fouling tendency of some water treatment equipment such as
approved in 2015. Last previous edition was approved in 2015 as D8002 – 15
which was withdrawn January 2024 and reinstated in April 2024. DOI: 10.1520/ reverse osmosis (RO) devices.
D8002-24.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 6. Apparatus
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1 MFI Assembly—As described in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. wetted parts should be made of high-quality stainless or plastic
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