ASTM C51-00a
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
Standard Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
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Designation: C 51 – 00a
Standard Terminology Relating to
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Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 51; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
Where appropriate, the various terms defined below should be prefixed with one or other of the
adjectives “high-calcium,” “magnesian,” or “dolomitic.” (Examples: dolomitic quicklime; high-
calcium hydraulic hydrated lime; magnesian or dolomitic limestone.)
The composition of a limestone should be given in terms of a percentage of the carbonates present.
In limestone of interest to the lime industry, it is usually assumed that the material consists almost
entirely of carbonates. Where this assumption is not valid, the percentage of noncarbonate material
should be determined, and the composition expressed in terms of the carbonate material present.
This terminology is as commonly used by the industry. For specific application of lime or a
limestone product, see the appropriate ASTM specification.
agricultural lime—either ground quicklime or hydrated lime and physical characteristics and method of processing make
whose calcium and magnesium content is capable of neu- it suitable for one or more of the many and varied chemical
tralizing soil acidity. and industrial uses of the product.
agricultural limestone—ground or pulverized limestone
DISCUSSION—The chemical forms of calcium oxide (CaO), calcium
whose calcium and magnesium content is capable of neu-
hydroxide (Ca(OH) ), magnesium oxide (MgO), or magnesium hy-
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tralizing soil acidity.
droxide (Mg(OH) ) alone or in combination may be produced either
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air-slaked lime—the product containing various proportions primarily or as a by-product of materials other than limestone, for
example, Ca(OH) formed by acetylene generation from calcium
of the oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates of calcium and
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carbide (CaC ), water treatment sludges, etc.
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magnesium which results from the exposure of quicklime to
the air in sufficient quantity to show physical signs of
dead burned dolomite—dolomitic limestone that has been
hydration (difficult to determine visually in pulverized
heated with or without additives to a temperature sufficiently
quicklime).
high and for a long enough time to decompose the carbonate
alkaline earth solutions (AES)—an aqueous solution of the
structure so as to form calcium oxide and periclase in a
oxide or hydroxide of an element of group IIa in the periodic
matrix that provides resistance to subsequent hydration and
table, such as calcium or magnesium. These solutions may
recombination with carbon dioxide.
be strongly alkaline. See pH.
dolomitic—indicates the presence of 35 to 46 % magnesium
available lime index—those constituents of a lime which enter
carbonate (MgCO ) in the limestone from which the material
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into a desired reaction under the conditions of a specific
was formed.
method or process.
dolomitic limestone—see limestone.
building or construction lime—a lime whose chemical and
di-hydrated or double hydrated lime—dolomitic lime which
physical characteristics and method of processing make it
has been hydrated under greater than atmospheric pressure
suitable for the ordinary or special construction uses of the
and contains less than 8 % unhydrated oxides.
product.
finishing hydrated lime—hydrated lime suitable for use in the
calcareous—originating from predominately calcium carbon-
finish coat of plaster.
ate or one of its derivative forms.
finishing quicklime—quicklime suitable (after slaking to a
calcia—the chemical compound calcium oxide (CaO).
lime putty) for use in the finish coat of plaster.
chemical lime—a quicklime or hydrated lime whose chemical
fluxing lime—a term referring to quicklime used as an agent in
the manufacture of steel or glass.
fluxstone—a term referring to limestone (high-calcium, mag-
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This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on Lime
nesian, or dolomitic) used as an agent in the manufacture of
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C07.08 on Nomenclature.
iron and steel or glass.
Current edition approved June 10, 2000. Published July 2000. Originally
published as C 51 – 22. Last previous edition C 51 – 00. high-calcium—indicates the presence of 0 to 5 % magnesium
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C51
carbonate (MgCO ) in the limestone from which the material masons
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