ASTM E3181-20
(Practice)Standard Practice for Determination of the Converted Fraction of Starch and Cellulosic Content From a Fuel Ethanol Production Facility
Standard Practice for Determination of the Converted Fraction of Starch and Cellulosic Content From a Fuel Ethanol Production Facility
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 In 2014, the U.S. EPA published the final rules adding renewable fuel pathways under the RFS Program. The rules qualified kernel fiber as a cellulosic feedstock meeting the 60 % greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction and qualifies for the generation of D3 RINs. These rules allow for two approaches for kernel fiber conversion (CFR 40, Part 80 and EPA-HQ-OAR-2012-0401; FRL-9910-40-OAR):
4.1.1 Producers of cellulosic fuels derived from conversion of feedstocks that are predominantly cellulosic, where “predominantly cellulosic” is defined as feedstock that has an average adjusted cellulosic content of 75 %, measured on a dry mass basis; furthermore, this ‘‘adjusted cellulosic content’’ is the percent of organic (non-ash) material that is cellulose, hemicellulose, or lignin (CFR 40, Part 80 and EPA-HQ-OAR-2012-0401; FRL-9910-40-OAR).
4.1.2 Producers of cellulosic fuels derived from the simultaneous conversion of feedstocks that are predominantly cellulosic and feedstocks that are not predominantly cellulosic (CFR 40, Part 80 and EPA-HQ-OAR-2012-0401; FRL-9910-40-OAR).
4.2 Producers that wish to gain approval to the pathway that claims simultaneous conversion of feedstocks that are predominantly cellulosic and feedstocks that are not predominantly cellulosic are required to quantify the amount of renewable fuel that is derived specifically from cellulosic content and from starch. To accomplish this, the producer needs to quantify the amount of cellulosic content and starch present before the conversion process begins and after the conversion process is complete. These measurements of cellulosic content and starch content before and after conversion are used to calculate a converted fraction of each, which is then used to ratio the renewable fuel produced accordingly and assign those respective gallons the D6 or D3 RIN code (CFR 40, Part 80 and EPA-HQ-OAR-2012-0401; FRL-9910-40-OAR).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides criteria for the sampling, testing, and calculation methodologies used for the quantification of the converted fraction of starch and cellulosic content. Furthermore, this practice covers procedures for the management of the standard error associated with the sampling and testing of before conversion and after conversion samples from a fuel ethanol production facility.
1.1.1 This practice can be used to determine the volume of renewable fuel produced from the simultaneous conversion of starch and cellulosic material eligible for generating D3 RINs under the United States (U.S.) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS).
1.2 This practice covers the collection and testing of heterogeneous material, including, but not limited to: corn, sorghum, wheat, mash, beer, whole stillage, dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS), and dried distillers grains.
1.3 This practice is intended to be used in renewable fuel production facilities designed to produce renewable alcohols. Use of this practice in any other type of process has not been reviewed.
1.4 This practice can be utilized using either manual or automatic sampling techniques, so long as the criteria of this practice are followed.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3181 − 20
Standard Practice for
Determination of the Converted Fraction of Starch and
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Cellulosic Content From a Fuel Ethanol Production Facility
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3181; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This practice provides criteria for the sampling, testing, 2.1 ASTM Standards:
and calculation methodologies used for the quantification of E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With
the converted fraction of starch and cellulosic content. Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
Furthermore, this practice covers procedures for the manage- Lot or Process
ment of the standard error associated with the sampling and E1755 Test Method for Ash in Biomass
testing of before conversion and after conversion samples from E1757 Practice for Preparation of Biomass for Composi-
a fuel ethanol production facility. tional Analysis
1.1.1 This practice can be used to determine the volume of E2586 Practice for Calculating and Using Basic Statistics
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renewable fuel produced from the simultaneous conversion of
2.2 AOAC Standard:
starch and cellulosic material eligible for generating D3 RINs
AOAC 942.05 Ash of Animal Feed
under the United States (U.S.) Renewable Fuel Standard
2.3 Other Publications:
(RFS).
CFR 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 80 Subpart
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1.2 This practice covers the collection and testing of het- M Renewable Fuel Standard
EPA-420-B-19-022 Guidance on Qualifying an Analytical
erogeneous material, including, but not limited to: corn,
Method for Determining the Cellulosic Converted Frac-
sorghum, wheat, mash, beer, whole stillage, dried distillers
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tion of Corn Kernel Fiber Co-Processed with Starch
grains with solubles (DDGS), and dried distillers grains.
EPA-HQ-OAR-2012-0401; FRL-9910-40-OAR (July,
1.3 This practice is intended to be used in renewable fuel
2014) Additional Detail on the Calculation of the Cellu-
production facilities designed to produce renewable alcohols.
losic Converted Fraction, and Attribution of Batch RINs
Use of this practice in any other type of process has not been
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for D-code Dependent Feedstocks
reviewed.
1.4 This practice can be utilized using either manual or
3. Terminology
automatic sampling techniques, so long as the criteria of this
3.1 Definitions:
practice are followed.
3.1.1 after conversion sample, n—a sample obtained from
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
theprocessaftertheconversionprocessofstarchandcellulosic
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
content is determined to be complete as defined by the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
producer’s reaction standards.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1.2 amyloglucosidase, n—an enzyme that specifically
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
catalyzes the hydrolysis ofα-D-glucosidic bonds successively
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
from the non-reducing ends of oligo-and polysaccharides with
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
the release of β-D-glucose.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
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Available from AOAC International, 2275 Research Blvd., Suite 300,
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This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E48 on Bioenergy Rockville, MD 20850-3250, http://www.aoac.org.
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and Industrial Chemicals from Biomass and is the direct responsibility of Subcom- Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of
mittee E48.05 on Biomass Conversion. Documents, 732 N. Capitol St. N.W. Mail Stop: SDE Washington, DC 20401.
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Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2020. Published March 2020. DOI: 10.1520/ Available from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
E3181-20. 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, DE 20460, www.epa.gov.
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