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ASTM F3672-23

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Measuring the Evaporative Resistance of Clothing Items Using Heated Manikin Body Forms

Standard Test Method for Measuring the Evaporative Resistance of Clothing Items Using Heated Manikin Body Forms

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method can be used to quantify and compare the evaporative resistance imposed by different clothing items or ensembles as long as each test is conducted using the same experimental procedures and test conditions. For example, variations in the design and material used in gloves can be evaluated. The effects of layering, closures, and fit can also be measured.  
4.2 The measurement of the evaporative resistance imposed by clothing is complex and dependent upon the apparatus and techniques used. It is not practical in a test method of this scope to establish details sufficient to cover all contingencies. Departures from the instructions in this test method have the potential to lead to significantly different test results. Technical knowledge concerning the theory of heat transfer, moisture transfer, temperature, humidity and air motion measurement, and testing practices is needed to evaluate which departures from the instructions given in this test method are significant. Standardization of the method reduces, but does not eliminate, the need for such technical knowledge. Report any departures with the results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the evaporative resistance of clothing items that cover only the head (Option 1), a hand (Option 2), or a foot (Option 3). It describes the measurement of the resistance to evaporative heat transfer from a heated sweating thermal manikin form to the testing environment.  
1.1.1 This is a static test that provides a baseline clothing measurement on a stationary head manikin form (Option 1), hand manikin form (Option 2), or foot manikin form (Option 3).  
1.1.2 The effects of body form position, movement, and contact with other surfaces are not addressed in this test method.  
1.2 The evaporative resistance values obtained apply only to the particular clothing items evaluated and for the specified environmental conditions of each test.  
1.3 Evaporative resistance values reported in SI units shall be regarded as standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Oct-2023
Technical Committee
F23 - Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment
Drafting Committee
F23.60 - Human Factors
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM F3672-23 - Standard Test Method for Measuring the Evaporative Resistance of Clothing Items Using Heated Manikin Body FormsASTM F3672-23 - Standard Test Method for Measuring the Evaporative Resistance of Clothing Items Using Heated Manikin Body Forms
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ASTM F3672-23 - Standard Test Method for Measuring the Evaporative Resistance of Clothing Items Using Heated Manikin Body Forms
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3672 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Measuring the Evaporative Resistance of Clothing Items
1
Using Heated Manikin Body Forms
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3672; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The type of clothing worn by people directly affects the heat exchange between the human body and
the environment. The heat transfer is both sensible (conduction, convection, and radiation) and latent
(evaporation). The thermal resistance (insulation) and evaporative resistance provided by a clothing
ensemble are measured on full-body, life-size manikins according to Test Methods F1291 and F2370,
respectively. These standards also discuss measuring the local total resistance values of garments by
using only a few body parts (zones) covered by the clothing. However, more detailed data can be
obtained from a dedicated body part manikin with several zones than from a full-body manikin where
only one or two zones are used to take measurements. This detailed information about extremities is
important, as they impact human thermal comfort and are often vulnerable to thermal injury. Test
Method F3426 offers a means by which to measure detailed thermal resistance values of clothing items
intended to be worn on the extremities, but detailed evaporative resistance values for these clothing
items provide additional indicators of product performance. This is particularly true in end-use
scenarios where latent heat transfer is the dominant mechanism for thermoregulation. The resistance
values measured using body part manikins are dependent upon the designs and materials used in the
component garments, the amount of body surface area covered by clothing, distribution of the fabric
layers over the body, looseness or tightness of fit, and the increased surface area for heat loss.
Evaporative resistance measurements made on fabrics alone do not take these factors into account.
1. Scope 1.3 Evaporative resistance values reported in SI units shall
be regarded as standard.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the evapo-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
rative resistance of clothing items that cover only the head
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
(Option 1), a hand (Option 2), or a foot (Option 3). It describes
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the measurement of the resistance to evaporative heat transfer
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
from a heated sweating thermal manikin form to the testing
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
environment.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.1.1 This is a static test that provides a baseline clothing
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
measurement on a stationary head manikin form (Option 1),
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
hand manikin form (Option 2), or foot manikin form (Option
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3).
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1.2 The effects of body form position, movement, and
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
contact with other surfaces are not addressed in this test
method.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 The evaporative resistance values obtained apply only to
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the particular clothing items evaluated and for the specified
F1291 Test Method for Measuring the Thermal Insulation of
environmental conditions of each test.
Clothing Using a Heated Manikin
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on Personal
2
Protective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
F23.60 on Human Factors. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F3672-23. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F3672 − 23
F2370 Test Method for Measuring the Evaporative Resis- experimental procedures and test conditions. For example,
tance
...

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4.3 If the sample design was relatively simple, such as simple random or stratified, then fully valid estimates of sampling variance are easily available. If a more complex design was used then methods such as discussed in Ref (1)3 or in Guide E1402 may be acceptable. Use of replicate subsamples is the most straightforward way to estimate sampling variances when the survey design is complex.  
4.4 Once the survey procedures that were used satisfy Section 5, see if any increase in sample size is needed. The calculations for making it objectively are described in Section 6.  
4.5 Refer to Section 7 to guide in the interpretation of the uncertainty in the reported value of the parameter estimate, θ^, that is, the value of its standard error, se(θ^). The quantity se(θ^) should be reviewed to verify that the risks it entails are commensurate with the size of the sample.  
4.6 When the audit subsample shows that there was reasonable conformity with prescribed procedures and when the known instances of departures from the survey plan can be shown to have no appreciable effect on the est...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice presents rules for accepting or rejecting evidence based on a sample. Statistical evidence for this practice is in the form of an estimate of a proportion, an average, a total, or other numerical characteristic of a finite population or lot. It is an estimate of the result which would have been obtained by investigating the entire lot or population under the same rules and with the same care as was used for the sample.  
1.2 One purpose of this practice is to describe straightforward sample selection and data calculation procedures so that courts, commissions, etc. will be able to verify whether such procedures have been applied. The methods may not give least uncertainty at least cost, they should however furnish a reasonable estimate with calculable uncertainty.  
1.3 This practice is primarily intended for one-of-a-kind studies. Repetitive surveys allow estimates of sampling uncertainties to be pooled; the emphasis of this practice is on estimation of sampling uncertainty from the sample itself. The parameter of interest for this practice is effectively a constant. Thus, the principal inference is a simple point estimate to be used as if it were the unknown constant, rather than, for example, a forecast or prediction interval or distribution...

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