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ASTM F2299/F2299M-24

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining the Initial Efficiency of Materials to Penetration by Particulates Using Latex Spheres

Standard Test Method for Determining the Initial Efficiency of Materials to Penetration by Particulates Using Latex Spheres

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method measures the initial filtration efficiency of materials by sampling representative volumes of the upstream and downstream latex aerosol concentrations in a controlled airflow chamber.  
5.2 This test method provides specific test techniques for both manufacturers and users to evaluate materials when exposed to aerosol particle sizes between 0.1 and 5.0 μm.  
5.2.1 This test method establishes a basis of efficiency comparison between materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method establishes procedures for measuring the initial particle filtration efficiency of materials using monodispersed aerosols.  
1.1.1 This test method utilizes light-scattering particle counting in the size range of 0.1 to 5.0 μm and airflow test velocities of 0.5 to 25 cm/s.  
1.2 The test procedure measures filtration efficiency by comparing the particle count in the feed stream (upstream) to that in the filtrate (downstream).  
1.3 The values stated in SI units or in other units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 10, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Jan-2024
ICS
11.120.20 - Wound dressings and compresses
Technical Committee
F23 - Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment
Drafting Committee
F23.40 - Biological
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F2299/F2299M-03(2017) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Initial Efficiency of Materials Used in Medical Face Masks to Penetration by Particulates Using Latex Spheres
Effective Date
01-Feb-2024
Referred By
ASTM F2302-22 - Standard Performance Specification for Labeling Protective Clothing Which Provides Resistance to Incidental Exposures to Heat or Open Flame
Effective Date
01-Feb-2024

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ASTM F2299/F2299M-24 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Initial Efficiency of Materials to Penetration by Particulates Using Latex SpheresASTM F2299/F2299M-24 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Initial Efficiency of Materials to Penetration by Particulates Using Latex Spheres
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ASTM F2299/F2299M-24 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Initial Efficiency of Materials to Penetration by Particulates Using Latex Spheres
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REDLINE ASTM F2299/F2299M-24 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Initial Efficiency of Materials to Penetration by Particulates Using Latex SpheresREDLINE ASTM F2299/F2299M-24 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Initial Efficiency of Materials to Penetration by Particulates Using Latex Spheres
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REDLINE ASTM F2299/F2299M-24 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Initial Efficiency of Materials to Penetration by Particulates Using Latex Spheres
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2299/F2299M − 24
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Initial Efficiency of Materials to Penetration
1
by Particulates Using Latex Spheres
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2299/F2299M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens for
3
Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)
1.1 This test method establishes procedures for measuring
D3776/D3776M Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area
the initial particle filtration efficiency of materials using
(Weight) of Fabric
monodispersed aerosols.
F50 Practice for Continuous Sizing and Counting of Air-
1.1.1 This test method utilizes light-scattering particle
borne Particles in Dust-Controlled Areas and Clean
counting in the size range of 0.1 to 5.0 μm and airflow test
Rooms Using Instruments Capable of Detecting Single
velocities of 0.5 to 25 cm/s.
Sub-Micrometre and Larger Particles
1.2 The test procedure measures filtration efficiency by
F328 Practice for Calibration of an Airborne Particle Coun-
comparing the particle count in the feed stream (upstream) to
ter Using Monodisperse Spherical Particles (Withdrawn
that in the filtrate (downstream). 3
2007)
F778 Methods for Gas Flow Resistance Testing of Filtration
1.3 The values stated in SI units or in other units shall be
regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each Media
F1494 Terminology Relating to Protective Clothing
system must be used independently of the other, without
combining values in any way. F2053 Guide for Documenting the Results of Airborne
Particle Penetration Testing of Protective Clothing Mate-
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
rials
test methods portion, Section 10, of this specification. This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
3. Terminology
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
3.1 Definitions:
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
3.1.1 aerosol, n—a suspension of a liquid or solid particles
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
in a gas with the particles being in the colloidal size range.
regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method, aerosols include
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
solid particles having a diameter of 0.1 to 5 μm suspended or
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
dispersed in an airflow at concentrations of less than 102 par-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3
ticles ⁄cm .
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.2 isokinetic sampling, n—a condition where the velocity
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. of the airflow entering the sampling nozzle is the same as the
velocity of the airflow passing around the sampling nozzle.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.3 monodispersion, n—scattering of discrete particles in
2
an airflow where the size is centralized about a specific particle
2.1 ASTM Standards:
size.
D1777 Test Method for Thickness of Textile Materials
3.1.3.1 Discussion—In this test method, the monodispersed
particle distribution has a mean diameter size of the aerosol in
the 0.1 to 5 μm range, with a coefficient of variation of the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on Personal
mean diameter of 610 % or less, as certified by the manufac-
Protective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F23.40 on Biological.
turer.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2024. Published February 2024. Originally
3.2 For definitions of other protective clothing-related terms
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as F2299/F2299M – 03
(2017). DOI: 10.1520/F2299_F2299M-24.
used in this test method, refer to Terminology F1494.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2299/F2299M − 24
4. Summary of Test Me
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2299/F2299M − 03 (Reapproved 2017) F2299/F2299M − 24
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Initial Efficiency of Materials Used in
Medical Face Masks to Penetration by Particulates Using
1
Latex Spheres
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2299/F2299M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method establishes procedures for measuring the initial particle filtration efficiency of materials used in medical
facemasks using monodispersed aerosols.
1.1.1 This test method utilizes light scattering light-scattering particle counting in the size range of 0.1 to 5.0 μm and airflow test
velocities of 0.5 to 25 cm/s.
1.2 The test procedure measures filtration efficiency by comparing the particle count in the feed stream (upstream) to that in the
filtrate (downstream).
1.3 The values stated in SI units or in other units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system must
be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 10, of this specification. This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
D1777 Test Method for Thickness of Textile Materials
3
D2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens for Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)
D3776/D3776M Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) of Fabric
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F23.40 on Biological.
Current edition approved June 1, 2017Feb. 1, 2024. Published June 2017February 2024. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 20102017 as
F2299/F2299M – 03 (2010).(2017). DOI: 10.1520/F2299_F2299M-03R17.10.1520/F2299_F2299M-24.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2299/F2299M − 24
F50 Practice for Continuous Sizing and Counting of Airborne Particles in Dust-Controlled Areas and Clean Rooms Using
Instruments Capable of Detecting Single Sub-Micrometre and Larger Particles
3
F328 Practice for Calibration of an Airborne Particle Counter Using Monodisperse Spherical Particles (Withdrawn 2007)
F778 Methods for Gas Flow Resistance Testing of Filtration Media
3
F1471 Test Method for Air Cleaning Performance of a High-Efficiency Particulate Air Filter System (Withdrawn 2018)
F1494 Terminology Relating to Protective Clothing
F2053 Guide for Documenting the Results of Airborne Particle Penetration Testing of Protective Clothing Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 aerosol, n—a suspension of a liquid or solid particles in a gas with the particles being in the colloidal size range.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
In this test method, aerosols include solid particles having a diameter of 0.1 to 5 μm suspended or dispersed in an airflow at
3
concentrations of less than 102 particles ⁄cm .
3.1.2 isokinetic sampling, n—a condition where the velocity of the airflow entering the sampling nozzle is the same as the veloci
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Brown and Lu4,5 show the Charpy impact energy is related to the ultimate critical temperature of the rapid crack propagation [RCP] behavior as measured by the ISO 13477, S-4 test.6  
5.2 The test method may be used to determine the impact energy of polyethylene used in the manufacture of pipe . This test method involves the preparation of a small compression molded specimen of PE resin that is then notched in a specified manner. The specimen is then broken in a pendulum impact machine. The impact energy is recorded in joules. The value obtained is referred to as the Charpy impact energy.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the specimen preparation and the method of measuring the impact energy of polyethylene used in pressurized pipes.  
1.2 The test specimens are taken from compression molded plaques of the resin from pellets or pipe.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E3426/E3426M-24(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Endurance

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is part of an overall suite of related test methods that provide repeatable measures of robotic system mobility and remote pilot proficiency. The operational endurance of a robot significantly impacts the performance of the robot during a variety of tasks. Robot endurance is a complex function of robot design, control scheme design, and energy storage selection. This test method evaluates the endurance of a robot through continuous operation. The outdoor and indoor movement tests flight path chosen for endurance testing specifically challenges robotic system locomotion, flight system to maintain position, and remote situational awareness by the remote pilot. As such, it can be used to represent modest outdoor flight or indoor flight within confined areas. The indoor hovering and dwelling tests similarly challenge these capabilities, but for remaining stationary in air within an outdoor or confined indoor area. The endurance test standard provides a method in which the operational endurance of a large variety of robot sizes and locomotion system designs may be compared. The test provides both a measure of the endurance of the robot and a measure of the reliability of the robot when operating continuously for extended periods of time on complex flight paths or continuous use, or both.  
5.2 The indoor tests with containment walls represent repeatable complexity within commercial spaces and residential dwellings with hallways and doorways, or warehouses.  
5.3 The test apparatuses are low-cost and easy to fabricate so they can be widely replicated. The procedure is also simple to conduct. This eases comparisons across various testing locations and dates to determine best-in-class systems and remote pilots.  
5.4 Evaluation—This test method can be used in a controlled environment to measure baseline capabilities. The endurance test apparatus can also be embedded into operational training scenarios to measure degradation due to uncontrolled variab...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended for remotely operated aerial response robots (that is, unmanned aerial systems [UAS], drones, unmanned aircrafts) operating in complex, unstructured, and often hazardous environments. It specifies the apparatuses, procedures, and performance metrics necessary to measure the mission endurance of an aerial robot while either station keeping or following an approximate flight path defined by obstacles or boundaries, or both, intended to induce repeated cyclical movement. This test method is one of several robot tests that can be used to evaluate overall system capabilities.  
1.2 The robotic system includes a remote pilot in control of most functionality, so an onboard camera and remote pilot display are typically required. This test method can be used to evaluate assistive or autonomous behaviors intended to improve the effectiveness or efficiency of remotely operated systems.  
1.3 Different user communities can set their own thresholds of acceptable performance within this test method for various mission requirements.  
1.4 Performing Location—This test method may be performed anywhere the specified apparatuses and environmental conditions can be implemented. Flying unmanned aircraft without a comprehensive understanding of the laws and regulations enforced by the relevant jurisdiction poses significant safety and legal risks. Failure to comply with these regulations may result in accidents, injuries, property damage, and legal consequences. Users of this standard are strongly advised to review and adhere to all applicable ASTM Committee F38 standards and to ensure full compliance with the authorities holding jurisdiction.  
1.5 Units—The International System of Units (SI Units) and U.S. Customary Units (Imperial Units) are used throughout this document. They are not mathematical conversions. Rather, they are approximate equivalents in each system of units to enable use of readily ava...

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ASTM
ASTM F714-24(Specification)
Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-PR) Based on Outside Diameter

ABSTRACT
This specification covers polyethylene (PE) pipe made in dimensions based on outside determined range of diameters and larger. The piping is intended for new construction and insertion renewal of old piping systems used for the transport of water, municipal sewage, domestic sewage, industrial process liquids, effluents, slurries, etc., in both pressure and nonpressure systems. Different dimensional properties of pipes like outside diameter, wall thickness, eccentricity, toe-in, and special sizes shall be determined. Physical properties such asdensity, melt index, flexural modulus, tensile strength, slow crack growth resistance, hydrostatic strength, color and UV stabilizer, HDB, and HDS shall determined as well. In order to determine the performance of pipes under pressure the following tests shall be done: short-term pressurization test and elevated temperature sustained pressure test. The pipe shall be homogeneous throughout and essentially uniform in color, opacity, density, and other properties. The inside and outside surfaces shall be semi matte or glossy in appearance (depending on the type of plastic) and free of chalking, sticky, or tacky material. The surfaces shall be free of excessive bloom, that is, slight bloom is acceptable. The pipe walls shall be free of cracks, holes, blisters, voids, foreign inclusion, or other defects that are visible to the naked eye and that may affect the wall integrity. Holes deliberately placed in perforated pipe are acceptable. Bloom or chalking may develop in pipe exposed to direct rays of the sun (ultraviolet radiant energy) for extended periods and, consequently, these requirements do not apply to pipe after extended exposure to direct rays of the sun.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers polyethylene (PE) pipe made in three standard outside diameter sizing systems, based on outside diameters of DIPS 3, IPS 4, Metric 90 mm and larger. For smaller sizes refer to Specification D3035. See 5.2.5 for guidelines on special sizes.  
1.2 The piping is intended for new construction and insertion renewal of old piping systems used for the transport of water, municipal sewage, domestic sewage, industrial process liquids, effluents, slurries, etc., in both pressure and nonpressure systems.
Note 1: The user should consult the manufacturer to ensure that any mechanical or chemical effects to the polyethylene pipe caused by the material being transported will not affect the service life beyond limits acceptable to the user. See PPI TR-19 Chemical Resistance of Thermoplastic Piping Materials for guidance on chemical effects, www.plasticpipe.org  
1.3 All pipes produced under this specification are pressure-rated. See Appendix X5 for information on pressure rating.
Note 2: References and material descriptions for PE2406, PE3408 and materials having a HDB of 1450 psi have been removed from Specification F714 due to changes in Specification D3350 and PPI TR-3. For removed designations, refer to previous editions of Specification F714, Specification D3350, PPI TR-3 and PPI TR-4. The removal of these materials does not affect pipelines that are in service. See Note 4 and Note 9.  
1.4 This specification includes criteria for choice of raw material, together with performance requirements and test methods for determining conformance with the requirements.  
1.5 Quality-control measures are to be taken by manufacturers. See Appendix X4 for general information on quality control.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard t...

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ASTM
ASTM F2136-18(2024)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Notched, Constant Ligament-Stress (NCLS) Test to Determine Slow-Crack-Growth Resistance of HDPE Resins or HDPE Corrugated Pipe

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method does not purport to interpret the data generated.  
4.2 This test method is intended to compare slow-crack-growth (SCG) resistance for a limited set of HDPE resins.  
4.3 This test method may be used on virgin HDPE resin compression-molded into a plaque or on extruded HDPE corrugated pipe that is chopped and compression-molded into a plaque (see 7.1.1 for details).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine the susceptibility of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) resins or corrugated pipe to slow-crack-growth under a constant ligament-stress in an accelerating environment. This test method is intended to apply only to HDPE of a limited melt index (0.947 g/cm3 to 0.955 g/cm3). This test method may be applicable for other materials, but data are not available for other materials at this time.  
1.2 This test method measures the failure time associated with a given test specimen at a constant, specified, ligament-stress level.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D1600, unless otherwise specified.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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