ASTM D56-00

Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Tester

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flash point, by tag manual and automated closed testers, of liquids with a viscosity below 5.5 mm2/s (cSt) at 40oC (104oF), or below 9.5 mm2/s (cSt) at 25oC (77oF), and a flash point below 93oC (200oF).
1.1.1 For the closed-cup flash point of liquids with the following properties: a viscosity of 5.5 mm2/s (cSt) or more at 40oC (104oF); a viscosity of 9.5 mm2/s (cSt) or more at 25oC (77oF); a flash point of 93oC (200oF) or higher; a tendency to form a surface film under test conditions; or containing suspended solids, Test Method D93 can be used.
1.1.2 For cut-back asphalts refer to Test Methods D1310 and D3143.
Note 1--The U.S. Department of Transportation (RSTA) and U.S. Department of Labor (OSHA) have established that liquids with a flash point under 37.8oC (100oF) are flammable as determined by this test method for those liquids that have a viscosity less than 5.5 mm2/s (cSt) at 40oC (104oF) or 9.5 mm2/s (cSt) or less at 25oC (77oF), or do not contain suspended solids or do not have a tendency to form a surface film while under test. Other flash point classifications have been established by these departments for liquids using this test method.
1.2 This test method can be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and cannot be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test method can be used as elements of fire risk assessment that takes into account all of the factors that are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.
1.3 Related Standards are Test Methods D93, D1310, D3828, D3278, and D3941.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see 8.2 and 8.3 and and refer to Material Safety Data Sheets.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Aug-2000
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.08 - Volatility

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D56-01 - Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Tester
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D6448-16(2022) - Standard Specification for Industrial Burner Fuels from Used Lubricating Oils
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D6038-21 - Standard Test Methods for Determining the Compatibility of Resin/Solvent Mixtures by Precipitation Temperature (Cloud Point)
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D975-23 - Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D4865-19 - Standard Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Electricity in Petroleum Fuel Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D1655-23 - Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D6468-22 - Standard Test Method for High Temperature Stability of Middle Distillate Fuels
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D7215-22 - Standard Test Method for Calculated Flash Point from Simulated Distillation Analysis of Distillate Fuels
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D3941-20 - Standard Test Method for Flash Point by the Equilibrium Method With a Closed-Cup Apparatus
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D93-20 - Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D4171-22 - Standard Specification for Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D5452-23 - Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D3934-20 - Standard Test Method for Flash/No Flash Test—Equilibrium Method by a Closed-Cup Apparatus
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D3437-15(2022) - Standard Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic Products
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D5958-99(2020) - Standard Practices for Preparation of Oil-Based Ink Resin Solutions
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 56 – 00 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
1
Flash Point by Tag Closed Tester
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 56; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
This test method has been adopted for use by government agencies to replace Method 1101 of Federal Test Method Standard No. 791b,
and Method 4291 of Federal Test Method Standard No. 141A.
INTRODUCTION
To ensure an acceptable precision, this dynamic flash point test method employs a prescribed rate
of temperature rise for the material under test. The rate of heating may not in all cases give the
precision quoted in the test method because of the low thermal conductivity of certain materials. To
improve the prediction of flammability, Test Method D 3941, which utilizes a slower heating rate, was
developed. Test Method D 3941 provides conditions closer to equilibrium where the vapor above the
liquid and the liquid are at about the same temperature. If a specification requires Test Method D 56,
do not change to D 3941 or other test method without permission from the specifier.
1. Scope the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response
to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flash
cannot be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire
point, by tag manual and automated closed testers, of liquids
2
risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire
with a viscosity below 5.5 mm /s (cSt) at 40°C (104°F), or
2
conditions. However, results of this test method can be used as
below 9.5 mm /s (cSt) at 25°C (77°F), and a flash point below
elements of fire risk assessment that takes into account all of
93°C (200°F).
the factors that are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard
1.1.1 For the closed-cup flash point of liquids with the
2
of a particular end use.
following properties: a viscosity of 5.5 mm /s (cSt) or more at
2
1.3 Related Standards are Test Methods D 93, D 1310,
40°C (104°F); a viscosity of 9.5 mm /s (cSt) or more at 25°C
D 3828, D 3278, and D 3941.
(77°F); a flash point of 93°C (200°F) or higher; a tendency to
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
form a surface film under test conditions; or containing
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
suspended solids, Test Method D 93 can be used.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.1.2 For cut-back asphalts refer to Test Methods D 1310
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
and D 3143.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2
NOTE 1—The U.S. Department of Transportation (RSTA) and U.S.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Department of Labor (OSHA) have established that liquids with a flash
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
point under 37.8°C (100°F) are flammable as determined by this test
2 statements see 8.2 and 8.3 and refer to Material Safety Data
method for those liquids that have a viscosity less than 5.5 mm /s (cSt) at
2
Sheets.
40°C (104°F) or 9.5 mm /s (cSt) or less at 25°C (77°F), or do not contain
suspended solids or do not have a tendency to form a surface film while
2. Referenced Documents
under test. Other flash point classifications have been established by these
departments for liquids using this test method.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
1.2 This test method can be used to measure and describe
3
Closed Cup Tester
D 1310 Test Method for Flash Point and Fire Points of
1
This test method is under the joint jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
4
Liquids by Tag Open-Cup Apparatus
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.08 on Volatility.
D 3143 Test Method for Flash Point of Cutback Asphalt
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2000. Published October 2000. Originally 5
with Tag Open-Cup Apparatus
published as D 56 – 18 T. Last previous edition D 56 – 98a.
2
For information on United States Department of Transportation regulations, see
Codes of United States Regulation 49 CFR Chapter 1 and for information on United
States Department of Labor regulations, see Code of United States Regulation 29
3
CFR Chapter XVII. Each of these items are revised annually and may be procured Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
4
from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, Annual Book o
...