ASTM E2397-11
(Practice)Standard Practice for Determination of Dead Loads and Live Loads Associated with Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
Standard Practice for Determination of Dead Loads and Live Loads Associated with Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice addresses performance characteristics for vegetative (green) roof systems with respect to the dead load and transient water load of the entire vegetative (green) roof system.
Determining these performance characteristics of vegetative (green) roof systems provides information to facilitate the assessment of related engineering aspects of the facility. Such aspects may include structural design requirements, mechanical engineering and thermal design requirements, and fire and life safety requirements.
Determining these performance characteristics of vegetative (green) roof systems provides information to facilitate assessment of the performance of one vegetative (green) roof system relative to another.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a standardized procedure for predicting the system weight of a vegetative (green) roof system.
1.2 The practice addresses the loads associated with vegetative (green) roof systems. Components that are typically encountered in vegetative (green) roof systems include: membranes, non-absorptive plastic sheet components, metallic layers, fabrics, geocomposite drain layers, synthetic reinforcing layers, cover/recover boards, insulation materials, growth media, granular drainage media, and plant materials.
1.3 This practice also addresses the weight of the vegetative (green) roof system under two conditions: (1) weight under drained conditions after new water additions by rainfall or irrigation have ceased (this includes the weight of retained water and captured water), and (2) weight when rainfall or irrigation is actively occurring and the drain layer is completely filled with water. The first condition is considered the dead load of the vegetative (green) roof system. The difference in weight between the first and second conditions, approximated by the weight of transient water in the drain layer, is considered a live load.
1.4 This practice does not address point or line loads associated with architectural elements that are not essential components of a particular vegetative (green) roof system. These architectural elements may include pavement, walls, and masonry, and so forth.
1.5 This practice does not address live loads associated with construction activities.
1.6 This practice does not address loads associated with snow or wind.
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E2397 − 11
StandardPractice for
Determination of Dead Loads and Live Loads Associated
1
with Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2397; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This practice covers a standardized procedure for pre-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
dicting the system weight of a vegetative (green) roof system.
priate safety and health practices and to determine the
1.2 The practice addresses the loads associated with vegeta-
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tive (green) roof systems. Components that are typically
encountered in vegetative (green) roof systems include:
2. Referenced Documents
membranes, non-absorptive plastic sheet components, metallic 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
layers, fabrics, geocomposite drain layers, synthetic reinforc-
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
ing layers, cover/recover boards, insulation materials, growth
Sieves
media, granular drainage media, and plant materials.
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
1.3 This practice also addresses the weight of the vegetative E2114 Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Perfor-
(green) roof system under two conditions: (1) weight under
mance of Buildings
drained conditions after new water additions by rainfall or E2396 Test Method for Saturated Water Permeability of
irrigation have ceased (this includes the weight of retained Granular Drainage Media [Falling-Head Method] for
water and captured water), and (2) weight when rainfall or Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
irrigationisactivelyoccurringandthedrainlayeriscompletely E2398 Test Method for Water Capture and Media Retention
filledwithwater.Thefirstconditionisconsideredthedeadload of Geocomposite Drain Layers for Vegetative (Green)
of the vegetative (green) roof system. The difference in weight Roof Systems
between the first and second conditions, approximated by the E2399 Test Method for Maximum Media Density for Dead
weight of transient water in the drain layer, is considered a live Load Analysis of Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
load.
3. Terminology
1.4 This practice does not address point or line loads
3.1 Definitions:
associated with architectural elements that are not essential
3.1.1 For terms related to building construction, refer to
components of a particular vegetative (green) roof system.
Terminology E631.
These architectural elements may include pavement, walls, and
3.1.2 For terms related to sustainability relative to the
masonry, and so forth.
performance of buildings, refer to Terminology E2114.
1.5 This practice does not address live loads associated with
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
construction activities.
3.2.1 captured water, n—the quantity of water that is re-
1.6 This practice does not address loads associated with
tained in the drain layer of a vegetative (green) roof system
snow or wind. after new water additions have ceased and that cannot escape
the roof except through evaporation or plant transpiration.
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Water capture is a design technique for
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
enhancing the water holding properties of a vegetative (green)
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
roof system. Water may be captured using a number of
and are not considered standard.
techniques, including reservoirs built into a geocomposite
drain layer, trays, and restricting drainage in order to hold
1
This Practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing
2
and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.24 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Sustainability. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2011. Published March 2011. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 2005. Last published in 2005 as E2397 – 05. DOI: 10.1520/E2397-11. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2397 − 11
water within the drain layer. In some vegetative (green) roof abovetheroofdeckthatarenotpartoftheover
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E2397–05 Designation:E2397–11
Standard Practice for
Determination of Dead Loads and Live Loads aAssociated
1
with Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2397; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers a standardized procedure for predicting the system weight of a vegetative (green) roof system.
1.2 The procedurepractice addresses the loads associated with vegetative (green) roof systems. Components that are typically
encountered in vegetative (green) roof systems include: membranes, non-absorptive plastic sheet components, metallic layers,
fabrics, geocomposite drain layers, synthetic reinforcing layers, cover/recover boards, insulation materials, growth media, granular
drainage media, and plant materials.
1.3 This procedurepractice also addresses the weight of the vegetative (green) roof system under two conditions: (1) weight
under drained conditions after new water additions by rainfall or irrigation have ceased (this includes the weight of retained water
and captured water), and (2) weight when rainfall or irrigation is actively occurring and the drainagedrain layer is completely filled
with water. The first condition is considered the dead load of the vegetative (green) roof system. The difference in weight between
the first and second conditions, approximated by the weight of transient waterwater in the drainagedrain layer, is considered
a live load.
1.4 This procedurepractice does not address point or line loads associated with architectural elements that are not essential
components of a particular vegetative (green) roof system. These architectural elements may include pavement, walls, and
masonry, and so forth.
1.5 This procedurepractice does not address live loads associated with construction activities.
1.6 This procedurepractice does not address live loads associated with snow or wind.
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: C29/C29MTest Method for Bulk Density (Unit Weight) and Voids in Aggregate
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
E2114 Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Performance of Buildings E2396
E2396 Test Method for Saturated Water Permeability of Granular Drainage Media [Falling-Head Method] for Vegetative
(Green) Roof Systems
E2398 Test Method for Water Capture and Media Retention of Geocomposite Drain Layers for Vegetative (Green) Roof
Systems
E2399 Test Method for Maximum Media Density for Dead Load Analysis of Green Roof Systems
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For terms related to building construction, refer to Terminology E631.
3.1.2 For terms related to sustainability relative to the performance of buildings, refer to Terminology E2114.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1
ThisPracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE60onSustainabilityandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE60.01onBuildingsandConstruction.
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 2005. Published August 2005. DOI: 10.1520/E2397-05.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2011. Published March 2011. Originally approved in 2005. Last published in 2005 as E2397 – 05. DOI: 10.1520/E2397-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2397–11
3.2.1 captured water, n—thequantityofwaterthatisretainedinthedrainagedrainlayerofavegetative(green)roofsystemafter
new water
...
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