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ASTM E620-18

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Reporting Opinions of Scientific or Technical Experts

Standard Practice for Reporting Opinions of Scientific or Technical Experts

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This practice establishes those elements of the expert’s opinion report which will make the report understandable to the intended recipient and focus on the technical aspects germane to the purpose for which the opinion is rendered.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the scope of information to be contained in formal written technical reports which express the opinions of the scientific or technical expert with respect to the study of items that are or may reasonably be expected to be the subject of criminal or civil litigation.  
1.2 If compliance with this practice is claimed, the justifications for any deviations from this practice must be documented.  
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Mar-2018
ICS
03.160 - Law. Administration
Technical Committee
E30 - Forensic Sciences
Drafting Committee
E30.11 - Interdisciplinary Forensic Science Standards
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM E2655-14(2020) - Standard Guide for Reporting Uncertainty of Test Results and Use of the Term Measurement Uncertainty in ASTM Test Methods
Effective Date
01-Jan-2020

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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E620 −18 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
1
Reporting Opinions of Scientific or Technical Experts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E620; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Significance and Use
3.1 This practice establishes those elements of the expert’s
1.1 This practice covers the scope of information to be
opinion report which will make the report understandable to
contained in formal written technical reports which express the
the intended recipient and focus on the technical aspects
opinions of the scientific or technical expert with respect to the
germane to the purpose for which the opinion is rendered.
study of items that are or may reasonably be expected to be the
subject of criminal or civil litigation.
4. Report
1.2 If compliance with this practice is claimed, the justifi-
4.1 All of the pertinent observations, calculations and test-
cations for any deviations from this practice must be docu-
ing results shall be reported accurately, clearly, unambiguously
mented.
and objectively, and in accordance with any specific instruc-
tions in the method(s). The method(s) utilized shall be identi-
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials,
fied (including version and date when applicable) in such a
operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
manner as to allow critical review or replication by another
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
party.
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental prac-
4.2 Interpretations, conclusions and opinions shall be
tices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
clearly marked as such in the report (see 4.8).
prior to use.
4.3 The observations, test results, interpretations (if
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
applicable), or conclusions (if applicable), shall be reported
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
and shall include all information necessary for an opinion to be
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
issued by a qualified individual.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.4 Reportauthorsmayadoptoneofthefollowingmeansof
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
meeting the requirements of 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.4.1 Preparationofareportthatincludesalloftheavailable
pertinent information listed in this practice; or
2. Referenced Documents
4.4.2 Preparation of an appendix to the report that includes
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: any additional available pertinent information required by this
practice not included in the body of the report; or
E678 Practice for Evaluation of Scientific or Technical Data
3
(Withdrawn 2022) 4.4.3 Preparation of supporting records relating to the spe-
cific investigation that contain all of the available pertinent
E2655 Guide for Reporting Uncertainty of Test Results and
Use of the Term Measurement Uncertainty inASTM Test information listed in this practice. The information shall be
retained and be available.
Methods
4.5 Available and pertinent facts and data should be evalu-
ated in accordance with Practice E678.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic
4.6 Preliminary information provided shall be clearly
Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.11 on Interdisciplin-
marked as such.
ary Forensic Science Standards.
Current edition approved April 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originally
4.7 While this practice does not specify report format (see
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as E620 – 11. DOI:
4.9, Formats), the following information shall be included in
10.1520/E0620-18.
2
the report unless the authoring organization or individual has a
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
valid reason for not doing so, and states that reason in the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
report:
theASTM website.
3
4.7.1 A title (for example, “Test Report” or “Report of
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. Opinion”).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700,
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E620 − 11 E620 − 18
Standard Practice for
1
Reporting Opinions of Scientific or Technical Experts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E620; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the scope of information to be contained in formal written technical reports which express the opinions
of the scientific or technical expert with respect to the study of items that are or may reasonably be expected to be the subject of
criminal or civil litigation.
1.2 If compliance with this standardpractice is claimed, the justifications for any deviations from this standardpractice must be
documented.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all
of the safety concerns concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses the user of this standard
to consult and establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E678 Practice for Evaluation of Scientific or Technical Data
E2655 Guide for Reporting Uncertainty of Test Results and Use of the Term Measurement Uncertainty in ASTM Test Methods
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This practice establishes those elements of the expert’sexpert’s opinion report which will make the report understandable
to the intended recipient and focus on the technical aspects germane to the purpose for which the opinion is rendered.
4. Report Content
4.1 All of the pertinent observations, calculations and testing results shall be reported accurately, clearly, unambiguously and
objectively, and in accordance with any specific instructions in the method(s). The method(s) utilized shall be identified (including
version and date when applicable) in such a manner as to allow critical review or replication by another party.
4.2 Interpretations, conclusions and opinions shall be clearly marked as such in the report (see 4.8).
4.3 The observations, test results, interpretations (if applicable), or conclusions (if applicable), shall be reported and shall
include all information necessary for an opinion to be issued by a qualified individual.
4.4 Report authors may adopt one of the following means of meeting the requirements of 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3:
4.4.1 Preparation of a report that includes all of the available pertinent information listed in this practice; or
4.4.2 Preparation of an appendix to the report that includes any additional available pertinent information required by this
practice not included in the body of the report; or
4.4.3 Preparation of supporting records relating to the specific investigation that contain all of the available pertinent
information listed in this practice. The information shall be retained and be available.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.11 on Interdisciplinary
Forensic Science Standards.
Current edition approved May 1, 2011April 1, 2018. Published June 2011April 2018. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20042011 as
E620 – 04.E620 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/E0620-11.10.1520/E0620-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E620 − 18
4.5 Available and pertinent facts and data should be evaluated in accordance with Practice E678.
4.6 Preliminary information provided shall be clearly marked as such.
4.7 While this standardpractice does not specify report format, format
...

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4.2 These test methods are also suitable to be used for testing of steel, stainless steel and related alloy materials for other purposes, such as incoming material acceptance testing by the purchaser or evaluation of components after service exposure.  
4.2.1 As with any mechanical testing, deviations from either specification limits or expected as-manufactured properties can occur for valid reasons besides deficiency of the original as-fabricated product. These reasons include, but are not limited to: subsequent service degradation from environmental exposure (for example, temperature, corrosion); static or cyclic service stress effects, mechanically-induced damage, material inhomogeneity, anisotropic structure, natural aging of select alloys, further processing not included in the specification, sampling limitations, and measuring equipment calibration uncertainty. There is statistical variation in all aspects of mechanical testin...
SCOPE
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Sections  
Tension  
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Bend  
15  
Hardness  
16  
Brinell  
17  
Rockwell  
18  
Portable  
19  
Impact  
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Keywords  
32  
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Annex  
Bar Products  
Annex A1  
Tubular Products  
Annex A2  
Fasteners  
Annex A3  
Round Wire Products  
Annex A4  
Significance of Notched-Bar Impact Testing  
Annex A5  
Converting Percentage Elongation of Round Specimens to
Equivalents for Flat Specimens  
Annex A6    
Testing Multi-Wire Strand  
Annex A7  
Rounding of Test Data  
Annex A8  
Methods for Testing Steel Reinforcing Bars  
Annex A9  
Procedure for Use and Control of Heat-cycle Simulation  
Annex A10  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 When these test methods are referenced in a metric product specification, the yield and tensile values may be determined in inch-pound (ksi) units then converted into SI (MPa) units. The elongation determined in inch-pound gauge lengths of 2 in. or 8 in. may be report...

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  • Standard
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ASTM
ASTM D3495-10(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hexane Extraction of Leather

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method measures the amount of hexane-soluble lubricant present in all types of leather. Adequate lubrication prevents abrasion of leather fibers during flexing. This lubrication is generally obtained from the fat liquor added at the tannery. Some lubrication is also obtained from natural grease produced during the life of the animal.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative extraction of all types of leather with hexane. This test method does not apply to wet blue.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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