ASTM A320/A320M-00b

Standard Specification for Alloy/Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature Service

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers alloy steel bolting materials for pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings for low-temperature service. The term "bolting material" as used in this specification covers rolled, forged, or strain hardened bars, bolts, screws, studs, and stud bolts. The bars shall be hot-wrought. The material may be further processed by centerless grinding or by cold drawing. Austenitic stainless steel may be solution annealed or annealed and strain-hardened. When strain hardened austenitic stainless steel is ordered, the purchaser should take special care to ensure that Appendix X1 is thoroughly understood.
1.2 Several grades are covered, including both ferritic and austenitic steels designated L7, B8, etc. Selection will depend on design, service conditions, mechanical properties, and low-temperature characteristics. The mechanical requirements of Table 1 indicate the diameters for which the minimum mechanical properties apply to the various grades and classes, and Table 2 stipulates the requirements for Charpy impact energy absorption. The manufacturer should determine that the material can conform to these requirements before parts are manufactured. For example, when Grade L43 is specified to meet the Table 2 impact energy values at -150oF [-101oC], additional restrictions (such as procuring a steel with lower P and S contents than might normally be supplied) in the chemical composition for AISI 4340 are likely to be required.
Note 1—The committee formulating this specification has included several grades of material that have been rather extensively used for the present purpose. Other compositions will be considered for inclusion by the committee from time to time as the need becomes apparent. Users should note that hardenability of some of the grades mentioned may restrict the maximum size at which the required mechanical properties are obtainable.
1.3 Nuts for use with this bolting material are covered in Section and the nut material shall be impact tested.
1.4 Supplementary Requirements (S1, S2, and S3) of an optional nature are provided. They shall apply only when specified in the inquiry, contract and order.
1.5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable "M" specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-2002
• ICS: 21.060.01 - Fasteners in general
• ICS: 77.080.20 - Steels
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.22 - Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM A320/A320M-01 - Standard Specification for Alloy/Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature Service
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F3394/F3394M-20 - Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Backup and Reaction Washers Inch and Metric Dimensions<rangeref></rangeref >
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM A193/A193M-23 - Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM A194/A194M-23 - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or Both
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F1155-10(2019) - Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Piping System Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM A962/A962M-23a - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM C1533-15(2022) - Standard Guide for General Design Considerations for Hot Cell Equipment
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: A 320/A 320M – 00b An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
1
Alloy/Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 320/A 320M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 1.4 Supplementary Requirements (S1, S2, and S3) of an
2
optional nature are provided. They shall apply only when
1.1 This specification covers alloy steel bolting materials
specified in the inquiry, contract and order.
for pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings for low-
1.5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units
temperature service. The term “bolting material” as used in this
and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the
specification covers rolled, forged, or strain hardened bars,
applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the mate-
bolts, screws, studs, and stud bolts. The bars shall be hot-
rial shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
wrought. The material may be further processed by centerless
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
grinding or by cold drawing. Austenitic stainless steel may be
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
solution annealed or annealed and strain-hardened. When
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
strain hardened austenitic stainless steel is ordered, the pur-
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
chaser should take special care to ensure that Appendix X1 is
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
thoroughly understood.
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
1.2 Several grades are covered, including both ferritic and
cation.
austenitic steels designated L7, B8, etc. Selection will depend
on design, service conditions, mechanical properties, and
2. Referenced Documents
low-temperature characteristics. The mechanical requirements
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of Table 1 indicate the diameters for which the minimum
A 194/A 194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel
mechanical properties apply to the various grades and classes,
Nuts for Bolts for High-Pressure and High-Temperature
and Table 2 stipulates the requirements for Charpy impact
3
Service
energy absorption. The manufacturer should determine that the
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
material can conform to these requirements before parts are
4
of Steel Products
manufactured. For example, when Grade L43 is specified to
A 962/A 962M Specification for Common Requirements
meet the Table 2 impact energy values at −150°F [−101°C],
for Steel Fasteners or Fastener Materials, or Both, Intended
additional restrictions (such as procuring a steel with lower P
for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep
and S contents than might normally be supplied) in the
3
Range
chemical composition for AISI 4340 are likely to be required.
E 566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Sorting
5
NOTE 1—The committee formulating this specification has included
of Ferrous Metals
several grades of material that have been rather extensively used for the
6
F 436 Specification for Hardened Steel Washers
present purpose. Other compositions will be considered for inclusion by
2.2 ANSI Standards:
the committee from time to time as the need becomes apparent. Users
7
B18.22.1 Plain Washers
should note that hardenability of some of the grades mentioned may
restrict the maximum size at which the required mechanical properties are
3. Ordering Information
obtainable.
3.1 It is the purchaser’s responsibility to specify in the
1.3 Nuts for use with this bolting material are covered in
purchase order all information necessary to purchase the
Section 9 and the nut material shall be impact tested.
needed materials. Examples of such information include, but
are not limited to, the following:
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
3
A01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
4
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
5
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2000. Published January 2001. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
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published as A 320 – 48 T. Last previous edition A 320/A 320M – 00a. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.08.
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