ASTM E2161-07
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Performance Validation in Thermal Analysis
Standard Terminology Relating to Performance Validation in Thermal Analysis
SCOPE
1.1 Validation of methods and apparatus is requested or required for quality initiatives or where results may be used for legal purposes.
1.2 This standard provides terminology relating to validating performance of thermal analysis methods and instrumentation. Terms that are generally understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources are not included.
1.3 The terminology described in this document is that of the validation process and may differ from that traditionally encountered in ASTM standards.
1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in a Discussion.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:E2161–07
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Performance Validation in Thermal Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2161; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope value of the parameter measured.
conformance—agreement of a product, process or service
1.1 Validation of methods and apparatus is requested or
with specification requirements.
required for quality initiatives or where results may be used for
detection limit—the minimum quantity of analyte that can be
legal purposes.
reliably detected but not necessarily quantified.
1.2 This standard provides terminology relating to validat-
drift—the relatively slow change in baseline output due to
ing performance of thermal analysis methods and instrumen-
instrument performance taken to be the maximum deviation
tation. Terms that are generally understood or defined ad-
between any two points within a specified time period.
equately in other readily available sources are not included.
figure-of-merit—a performance characteristic of a method
1.3 The terminology described in this document is that of
believed to be useful when deciding its applicability for a
the validation process and may differ from that traditionally
specific measurement situation.
encountered in ASTM standards.
1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional infor-
DISCUSSION—Typical figures-of-merit include accuracy, repeatability,
mation included in a Discussion. sensitivity, etc.
linearity—the maximum deviation of output points from the
2. Terminology
“best fit” linear curve to the data excluding proven outliers
accuracy—the agreement between an experimentally deter-
expressed as a percentage of the full-scale computed output.
mined value and the accepted reference value.
noise—the maximum amplitude, peak-to-peak, for all random
variations.
DISCUSSION—Accuracy is also known as bias in ASTM practice.
noise, short term—is that with a frequency greater than six
analyte—the specific component measured in an analysis.
cycles per min (equivalent to a period of 10 seconds or less).
baseline—the resultant analytical trace when no test specimen
DISCUSSION—ShortTerm Noise determines the smallest signal detect-
is present.
able and limits the precision attainable in quantitation of low level
blank—the measured value obtained when a specific compo-
measurements.
nent is not present during the measurement.
bow—the maximum deviation between an actual instrument noise, long term—is that with a frequency between 0.6 and
reading and the reading predicted by a straight line drawn
6 cycles per min (equivalent to periods of 100 and 10 s).
between upper and lower calibration points, expressed as a
DISCUSSION—Long Term Noise may be mistaken for the response of
percent of full scale.
a test specimen.
calibration—to check, adjust, or systematically standardize
precision—the degree of agreement among or between re-
the gradations of a quantitative measuring signal.
peated measurements of the same property.
certificate—a formal document testifying to the truth of a
quantitation limit—the minimum amount that can be quanti-
matter (see also certification).
fied with acceptable accuracy and precision.
certification—process of issuing a formal document testifying
reference material—a material or substance, the property for
to the truth of a matter.
whichissufficientlyhomogeneousandwellestablishedtobe
NOTE 1—– Includes conditions (such as accreditation), materials (such
used for the calibration of apparatus, or the assessment of a
as reference materials), processes (such as calibration), and the like.
measurement method.
coefficient or variation—thestandarddeviationdividedbythe relative standard deviation—the coefficient of variation ex-
pressed as a percentage.
repeatability—a quantitative measure of the precision of the
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E37 on
results by a single analyst in a given laboratory using a given
Thermal Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.03 on
apparatus.
Nomenclature and Definitions.
Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originally
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E 2161–06a
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
E2161–07
reproducibility—
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.