ASTM D6227-24
(Specification)Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Containing a Non-hydrocarbon Component
Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Containing a Non-hydrocarbon Component
ABSTRACT
This specification covers Grade 82 unleaded aviation gasoline for use only in engines and associated aircraft that are specifically approved by the engine and aircraft manufacturers, and certified by the National Certifying Agencies to use this fuel. Aviation gasoline shall consist of blends of refined hydrocarbons derived from crude petroleum, natural gasoline or blends thereof, with specific aliphatic ethers, synthetic hydrocarbons, or aromatic hydrocarbons, and when applicable, methyl tertiarybutyl ether (MTBE). They may also contain antioxidants (oxidation inhibitors), metal deactivators, corrosion inhibitors, and fuel system icing inhibitors. The gasoline shall be tested and conform accordingly to the following property requirements: lean mixture knock value and motor method octane number; color; blue and red dye content; distillation temperature at % evaporated, end point, and residue content; distillation recovery; distillation loss; net heat of combustion; freezing point; vapor pressure; lead content; copper strip corrosion; sulfur content; potential gum; and alcohols and ether content (aliphatic ethers, methanol, and ethanol).
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers Grades UL82 and UL87 unleaded aviation gasolines, which are defined by this specification and are only for use in engines and associated aircraft that are specifically approved by the engine and aircraft manufacturers, and certified by the National Certifying Agencies to use these fuels. Components containing hetro-atoms (oxygenates) may be present within the limits specified.
1.2 A fuel may be certified to meet this specification by a producer as Grade UL82 or UL87 aviation gasoline only if blended from component(s) approved for use in these grades of aviation gasoline by the refiner(s) of such components, because only the refiner(s) can attest to the component source and processing, absence of contamination, and the additives used and their concentrations. Consequently, reclassifying of any other product to Grade UL82 or Grade UL87 aviation gasoline does not meet this specification.
1.3 Appendix X1 contains an explanation for the rationale of the specification. Appendix X2 details the reasons for the individual specification requirements.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6227 − 24
Standard Specification for
Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Containing a Non-hydrocarbon
1
Component
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6227; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This specification covers Grades UL82 and UL87 un- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
leaded aviation gasolines, which are defined by this specifica-
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
tion and are only for use in engines and associated aircraft that
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
are specifically approved by the engine and aircraft
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
manufacturers, and certified by the National Certifying Agen-
D357 Method of Test for Knock Characteristics of Motor
cies to use these fuels. Components containing hetro-atoms
Fuels Below 100 Octane Number by the Motor Method;
(oxygenates) may be present within the limits specified.
3
Replaced by D 2700 (Withdrawn 1969)
1.2 A fuel may be certified to meet this specification by a
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
producer as Grade UL82 or UL87 aviation gasoline only if
ration
blended from component(s) approved for use in these grades of
D873 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels
aviation gasoline by the refiner(s) of such components, because
(Potential Residue Method)
only the refiner(s) can attest to the component source and
D909 Test Method for Supercharge Rating of Spark-Ignition
processing, absence of contamination, and the additives used
Aviation Gasoline
and their concentrations. Consequently, reclassifying of any
D910 Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
other product to Grade UL82 or Grade UL87 aviation gasoline
D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp
does not meet this specification. Method)
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
1.3 Appendix X1 contains an explanation for the rationale
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
of the specification. Appendix X2 details the reasons for the
ucts by Hydrometer Method
individual specification requirements.
D2386 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
D2392 Test Method for Color of Dyed Aviation Gasolines
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
D2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
Ignition Engine Fuel
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Ignition Engine Fuel
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
D3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in Light
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Microcou-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
lometry
D3231 Test Method for Phosphorus in Gasoline
D3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorp-
tion Spectroscopy
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.J0.02 on Aviation Piston Engine Fuels. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved March 1, 2024. Published March 2024. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as D6227 – 18 (2023). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D6227-24. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6227 − 24
D3338 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combus- 3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this specification, refer
tion of Aviation Fuels to Terminology D4175.
D4052 T
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6227 − 18 (Reapproved 2023) D6227 − 24
Standard Specification for
Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Containing a Non-hydrocarbon
1
Component
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6227; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This specification covers Grades UL82 and UL87 unleaded aviation gasolines, which are defined by this specification and are
only for use in engines and associated aircraft that are specifically approved by the engine and aircraft manufacturers, and certified
by the National Certifying Agencies to use these fuels. Components containing hetro-atoms (oxygenates) may be present within
the limits specified.
1.2 A fuel may be certified to meet this specification by a producer as Grade UL82 or UL87 aviation gasoline only if blended from
component(s) approved for use in these grades of aviation gasoline by the refiner(s) of such components, because only the refiner(s)
can attest to the component source and processing, absence of contamination, and the additives used and their concentrations.
Consequently, reclassifying of any other product to Grade UL82 or Grade UL87 aviation gasoline does not meet this specification.
1.3 Appendix X1 contains an explanation for the rationale of the specification. Appendix X2 details the reasons for the individual
specification requirements.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for
information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D357 Method of Test for Knock Characteristics of Motor Fuels Below 100 Octane Number by the Motor Method; Replaced by
3
D 2700 (Withdrawn 1969)
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
D873 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels (Potential Residue Method)
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.J0.02 on Aviation Piston Engine Fuels.
Current edition approved July 1, 2023March 1, 2024. Published July 2023March 2024. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20182023 as
D6227 – 18.D6227 – 18 (2023). DOI: 10.1520/D6227-18R23.10.1520/D6227-24.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6227 − 24
D909 Test Method for Supercharge Rating of Spark-Ignition Aviation Gasoline
D910 Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method)
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D2386 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
D2392 Test Method for Color of Dyed Aviation Gasolines
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
D2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in Light Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Microcoulometry
D3231 Test Method for Phosphorus in Gasoline
D3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorp
...
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