ASTM E3151-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Antimicrobial Activity and Biofilm Resistance Properties of Tube, Yarn, or Fiber Specimens
Standard Test Method for Determining Antimicrobial Activity and Biofilm Resistance Properties of Tube, Yarn, or Fiber Specimens
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Although a number of standardized tests currently exist for assessing the antimicrobial activity of treated polymers and textiles, these are optimized for specimens that readily absorb the test inoculum or that have a flat surface on which the inoculum can be placed, and their use for specimens with tubular geometries or for small quantities (less than 0.5 g) of yarns or fibers requires significant manipulation of the specimen.
5.2 To adapt these methods for evaluating tubes, fiber, and yarn specimens requires distorting tubular specimens to create a flat surface or using unacceptably large quantities of fiber or yarn specimens. Rendering a test specimen having tubular geometry to a flat surface will limit its surface area available for exposure during the test and may require dissection of the specimen, which unacceptably alters it from its original state. Testing of treated fiber and yarn specimens using available standardized methods typically requires large quantities of material (greater than 0.5 g) that may not be available. In both cases, such manipulations may result in misleading results that do not reflect the antimicrobial efficacy of an unmodified specimen.
5.3 This method provides an environment in which the inoculum remains in intimate contact with the surfaces of these types of test specimens, exposing both the intra- and extraluminal surfaces of tubular specimens without significant modification, and requiring only small quantities of fibers or yarns to perform testing.
5.4 Classical antimicrobial test methods generally quantify the population or concentration of microorganisms that survive exposure to specimens treated with an antimicrobial agent without distinguishing whether the surviving microorganisms were in a planktonic or adhered/biofilm state.
5.4.1 The phenotypic behavior of bacteria in the biofilm state differs substantially from when they are in the planktonic state, especially with respect to susceptibility to disinfectan...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is designed as an in vitro, quantitative assay to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of specimens with tubular geometries or small segments of yarn or fibers that have been treated with an antimicrobial agent. Further, the method was designed to provide a quantitative assessment of a specimen’s ability to resist microbial colonization and subsequent biofilm formation relative to an untreated control specimen.
1.1.1 The difference in number between the planktonic microbial population recovered from the treated test specimen and the population recovered from the control test specimen is the measure of the antimicrobial activity.
1.1.2 The measure of the ability of the treated test specimen to resist biofilm development is the difference between the adherent microbial population recovered from the treated test specimen and the adherent microbial population recovered from the control test specimen.
1.2 Testing is to be performed by individuals trained in microbiological techniques under appropriately controlled conditions to ensure the integrity of results and personnel safety.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:E3151 −18
Standard Test Method for
Determining Antimicrobial Activity and Biofilm Resistance
1
Properties of Tube, Yarn, or Fiber Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3151; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This test method is designed as an in vitro, quantitative 2.1 ASTM Standards:
assay to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of specimens with E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
tubulargeometriesorsmallsegmentsofyarnorfibersthathave ASTM Test Methods
been treated with an antimicrobial agent. Further, the method E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
was designed to provide a quantitative assessment of a speci- Determine the Precision of a Test Method
men’s ability to resist microbial colonization and subsequent E1054Test Methods for Evaluation of Inactivators of Anti-
biofilm formation relative to an untreated control specimen. microbial Agents
1.1.1 The difference in number between the planktonic E2756Terminology Relating toAntimicrobial andAntiviral
microbial population recovered from the treated test specimen Agents
and the population recovered from the control test specimen is
3. Terminology
the measure of the antimicrobial activity.
1.1.2 Themeasureoftheabilityofthetreatedtestspecimen 3.1 Fordefinitionsoftermsusedinthistestmethod,referto
to resist biofilm development is the difference between the Terminology E2756.
adherent microbial population recovered from the treated test
4. Summary of Test Method
specimen and the adherent microbial population recovered
from the control test specimen. 4.1 The control and treated test specimens are placed into
individual6×50mm culture tubes containing suspensions of
1.2 Testing is to be performed by individuals trained in
a known biofilm-producing strain of Staphylococcus epider-
microbiologicaltechniquesunderappropriatelycontrolledcon-
3
midis (ATCC 35984 ) at a specific titer and incubated at 35 6
ditions to ensure the integrity of results and personnel safety.
2°C with mild agitation for 24 62h.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.2 After the contact time, each specimen is transferred to
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
an individual centrifuge tube containing a sterile buffered
standard.
saline rinse solution, and the tube is sealed and carefully
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials,
inverted several times to remove any non-adhered or loosely
operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
adhered bacteria.
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
4.3 The specimens are then transferred to new centrifuge
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
tubescontaininglowconcentrationsofasurfactantdispersedin
establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental prac-
a neutralizing agent demonstrated to deactivate the antimicro-
tices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
bial agent with which the test specimen is treated.
prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.4 These tubes are sealed, vortexed, and sonicated to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
suspend any bacteria adhered to the surface of the specimens
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
and to disaggregate any biofilm clumps present.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.5 The population of planktonic bacteria within the test
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
inoculum exposed to each test specimen and the re-suspended
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
responsibility of Subcommittee E35.15 on Antimicrobial Agents. the ASTM website.
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Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2018. Published May 2018. DOI: 10.1520/ ATCC is a registered trademark andATCC 35984 is a trademark ofAmerican
E3151-18. Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA.
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