ASTM D6440-10

Standard Terminology Relating to Hydrocarbon Resins

SCOPE
1.1 The hydrocarbon resin industry continues to evolve from a source of replacement products for naturally-derived materials to industrial materials that have no naturally-derived counterparts. Along with this changing character of the industry, various manufacturing participants have introduced terms that have led to confusion among both manufacturers and consumers. This terminology standard is intended to alleviate that confusion and promote standard usage of terms in the hydrocarbon resin industry.
1.2 Resins derived principally from natural terpene fractions are under the jurisdiction of D01.34.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2010
• ICS: 01.040.01 - Generalities. Terminology. Standardization. Documentation (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.16 - Terminology

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D6440-05 - Standard Terminology Relating to Hydrocarbon Resins
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Replaced By: ASTM D6440-10(2018) - Standard Terminology Relating to Hydrocarbon Resins
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2018
• Referred By: ASTM D1725-12(2019) - Standard Practice for Preparing Resin Solutions for Viscosity Measurement by Bubble Time Method
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D1726-11(2019) - Standard Test Methods for Hydrolyzable Chloride Content of Liquid Epoxy Resins
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D6579-11(2020) - Standard Practice for Molecular Weight Averages and Molecular Weight Distribution of Hydrocarbon, Rosin and Terpene Resins by Size-Exclusion Chromatography
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D6267/D6267M-13(2022) - Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Hydrocarbon Resins at Elevated Temperatures
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D16-23 - Standard Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D6605-06(2020) - Standard Practice for Determining the Color Stability of Hydrocarbon Resins After Heating
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D4301-05(2019) - Standard Test Method for Total Chlorine in Epoxy Resins and Compounds
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6440 − 10
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Hydrocarbon Resins
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6440; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope weight, amorphous polymer that is either mined, or made by
polymerization primarily from one or more of the following:
1.1 The hydrocarbon resin industry continues to evolve
certain steam-cracked petroleum fractions, coal-tar fractions,
from a source of replacement products for naturally-derived
terpene fractions, and streams rich in unsaturated monomers
materials to industrial materials that have no naturally-derived
that typically have five or more carbon atoms.
counterparts. Along with this changing character of the
DISCUSSION—Typical hydrocarbon resins are brittle solids at room
industry, various manufacturing participants have introduced
temperature, chemically similar semi-solid and liquid materials are
termsthathaveledtoconfusionamongbothmanufacturersand
included by association. This term also covers derivatives of hydrocar-
consumers. This terminology standard is intended to alleviate
bon resins.
that confusion and promote standard usage of terms in the
hydrogenated resin, n—a resin that has been subjected to
hydrocarbon resin industry.
some degree of reaction with hydrogen to decrease the level
1.2 Resins derived principally from natural terpene fractions
of residual unsaturation.
are under the jurisdiction of D01.34.
natural resin, n—a resin of vegetable or animal origin.
2. Terminology DISCUSSION—This term includes rosins, wood extracts or paper
manufacturing by-products, fossil resins, mined resin, secretion prod-
2.1 Definitions:
ucts from insects, and their main derivatives. In the context of
C aliphatic resin, n—a resin produced by the cationic
5 hydrocarbon resins, this refers to mined bituminous resins.
polymerization of a low-boiling aliphatic steam-cracker
polyterpene resin, n—a resin produced by the polymerization
fraction.
of terpene fractions or mixtures of terpenes obtained from
DISCUSSION—The principal monomers are typically cis- and trans-
naval stores, or paper pulp production, or citrus juice
piperylene (1,3–pentadiene).
production, or combinations thereof.
C aromatic resin, n—a resin produced by the cationic
9
DISCUSSION—Terpene fractions can be derived from gum turpentine,
polymerization of heavy aromatic steam-cracker or coal-tar
wood turpentine, or sulfate turpentine; citrus juice production yields a
fractions.
d-limonene fraction as an extract of the peel.
DISCUSSION—The C designation is broad and may include styrene,
9
pure monomer resin, n—a resin produced by the polymeriza-
indene, methylstyrenes, and methylindenes. Depending on
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6440–05 Designation:D6440–10
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Hydrocarbon Resins
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6440; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 The hydrocarbon resin industry continues to evolve from a source of replacement products for naturally-derived materials
to industrial materials that have no naturally-derived counterparts. Along with this changing character of the industry, various
manufacturing participants have introduced terms that have led to confusion among both manufacturers and consumers. This
terminology standard is intended to alleviate that confusion and promote standard usage of terms in the hydrocarbon resin industry.
1.2 Resins derived principally from natural terpene fractions are under the jurisdiction of D01.34.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions:
C aliphatic resin, n—a resin produced by the cationic polymerization of a low-boiling aliphatic steam-cracker fraction.
5
DISCUSSION—The principal monomers are typically cis- and trans-piperylene (1,3–pentadiene).
C aromatic resin, n—a resin produced by the cationic polymerization of heavy aromatic steam-cracker or coal-tar fractions.
9
DISCUSSION—The C designation is broad and may include styrene, indene, methylstyrenes, and methylindenes. Depending on the source of the C
9 9
fraction, it may also include coumarone and dicyclopentadiene.
cloud point, n—the temperature at which a defined liquid mixture, under controlled cooling, produces perceptible haze or
cloudiness due to the formation of fine particles of an incompatible material.
dicyclopentadiene resin, n—a resin produced by the thermal polymerization of a concentrated dicyclopentadiene stream.
hydrocarbon resin, n—in the context of such applications as adhesives, inks, coatings, flooring and roofing formulations, and
rubber processing aids, a thermoplastic, low-molecular-weight, amorphous polymer that is either mined, or made by
polymerization primarily from one or more of the following: certain steam-cracked petroleum fractions, coal-tar fractions,
terpene fractions, and streams rich in unsaturated monomers that typically have five or more carbon atoms.
DISCUSSION—Typical hydrocarbon resins are brittle solids at room temperature, chemically similar semi-solid and liquid materials are included by
association. This term also covers derivatives of hydrocarbon resins.
hydrogenated resin, n—a resin that has been subjected to some degree of reaction with hydrogen to decrease the level of residual
unsaturation.
natural resin, n—a resin of vegetable or animal origin.
...