ASTM E1255-09

Standard Practice for Radioscopy

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
As with conventional radiography, radioscopic examination is broadly applicable to any material or examination object through which a beam of penetrating radiation may be passed and detected including metals, plastics, ceramics, composites, and other nonmetallic materials. In addition to the benefits normally associated with radiography, radioscopic examination may be either a dynamic, filmless technique allowing the examination part to be manipulated and imaging parameters optimized while the object is undergoing examination, or a static, filmless technique wherein the examination part is stationary with respect to the X-ray beam. The differentiation to systems with digital detector arrays (DDAs) is the use of an analog component such as an electro-optic device or an analog camera. Recent technology advances in the area of projection imaging, camera techniques, and digital image processing provide acceptable sensitivity for a wide range of applications. If normal video rates are not adequate to detect features of interest then averaging techniques with no movement of the test object shall be used.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides application details for radioscopic examination using penetrating radiation. This includes dynamic radioscopy and for the purposes of this practice, radioscopy where there is no motion of the object during exposure (referred to as static radioscopic imaging) both using an analog component such as an electro-optic device or analog camera. Since the techniques involved and the applications for radioscopic examination are diverse, this practice is not intended to be limiting or restrictive, but rather to address the general applications of the technology and thereby facilitate its use. Refer to Guides E 94 and E 1000, Terminology E 1316, Practice E 747, Practice E 1025, Test Method E 2597, and Fed. Std. Nos. 21 CFR 1020.40 and 29 CFR 1910.96 for a list of documents that provide additional information and guidance.
1.2 The general principles discussed in this practice apply broadly to penetrating radiation radioscopic systems. However, this document is written specifically for use with X-ray and gamma-ray systems. Other radioscopic systems, such as those employing neutrons, will involve equipment and application details unique to such systems.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety statements, see Section 8 and Fed. Std. Nos. 21 CFR 1020.40 and 29 CFR 1910.96.  
A1.1.1 Purpose—This annex is to be used in conjunction with Practices E 1255 and E 1742. It permits the use of and gives guidance on the implementation of radioscopic examination for materials, components, and assemblies, when specified in the contract documents. The radioscopic requirements described herein allow the use of radioscopy for new applications as well as to replace radiography when examination coverage, greater throughput, or improved examination economics can be obtained, provided a satisfactory level of image quality can be demonstrated.
A1.1.2 Application— This annex provides guidelines for a written practice as required in 3.2 and 5.2.1 of Practice E 1255. Should the requirements in this annex conflict with any other requirements of Practice E 1255, then Annex A1 takes precedence. The requirements of this annex are intended to control the quality of the radioscopic examination and not to specify the accept/reject criteria for the object. Accept/reject criteria are provided in other contract documents.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2009
• ICS: 77.040.20 - Non-destructive testing of metals
• Technical Committee: E07 - Nondestructive Testing
• Drafting Committee: E07.01 - Radiology (X and Gamma) Method

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E1255-96(2002) - Standard Practice for Radioscopy
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E2903-18 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of the Effective Focal Spot Size of Mini and Micro Focus X-ray Tubes
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E1475-13(2023) - Standard Guide for Data Fields for Computerized Transfer of Digital Radiological Examination Data
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E1411-16 - Standard Practice for Qualification of Radioscopic Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E431-96(2022) - Standard Guide to Interpretation of Radiographs of Semiconductors and Related Devices
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E1416-23 - Standard Practice for Radioscopic Examination of Weldments
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E1742/E1742M-18 - Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E1647-16(2022) - Standard Practice for Determining Contrast Sensitivity in Radiology
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E2662-15(2022) - Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination of Flat Panel Composites and Sandwich Core Materials Used in Aerospace Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E1165-20 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Focal Spots of Industrial X-Ray Tubes by Pinhole Imaging
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E1931-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Non-computed X-Ray Compton Scatter Tomography
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E1161-21 - Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination of Semiconductors and Electronic Components
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E543-21 - Standard Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E2533-21 - Standard Guide for Nondestructive Examination of Polymer Matrix Composites Used in Aerospace Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E1734-23 - Standard Practice for Radioscopic Examination of Castings
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1255 − 09
StandardPractice for
1
Radioscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1255; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E543Specification forAgencies Performing Nondestructive
2
Testing
1.1 This practice provides application details for radio-
E747Practice for Design, Manufacture and Material Group-
scopic examination using penetrating radiation. This includes
ing Classification of Wire Image Quality Indicators (IQI)
dynamic radioscopy and for the purposes of this practice,
Used for Radiology
radioscopy where there is no motion of the object during
E1000Guide for Radioscopy
exposure (referred to as static radioscopic imaging) both using
E1025 Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material
an analog component such as an electro-optic device or analog
Grouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality In-
camera. Since the techniques involved and the applications for
dicators (IQI) Used for Radiology
radioscopic examination are diverse, this practice is not in-
E1316Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
tended to be limiting or restrictive, but rather to address the
E1411Practice for Qualification of Radioscopic Systems
generalapplicationsofthetechnologyandtherebyfacilitateits
E1742Practice for Radiographic Examination
use. Refer to Guides E94 and E1000, Terminology E1316,
E2002PracticeforDeterminingTotalImageUnsharpnessin
Practice E747, Practice E1025, Test Method E2597, and Fed.
Radiology
Std. Nos. 21 CFR 1020.40 and 29 CFR 1910.96 for a list of
E2597Practice for Manufacturing Characterization of Digi-
documents that provide additional information and guidance.
tal Detector Arrays
1.2 The general principles discussed in this practice apply
4
2.2 ASNT Standard:
broadlytopenetratingradiationradioscopicsystems.However,
SNT-TC-1ARecommended Practice for Personnel Qualifi-
this document is written specifically for use with X-ray and
cation and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
gamma-ray systems. Other radioscopic systems, such as those
ANSI/ASNT CP-189Standard for Qualification and Certifi-
employing neutrons, will involve equipment and application
cation of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
details unique to such systems.
5
2.3 Federal Standards:
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
21 CFR 1020.40Safety Requirements of Cabinet X-Ray
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Systems
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
29 CFR 1910.96Ionizing Radiation
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
2.4 National Council on Radiation Protection and Measure-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety
ment (NCRP) Standard:
statements, see Section 8 and Fed. Std. Nos. 21 CFR 1020.40
NCRP 49 Structural Shielding Design and Evaluation for
and 29 CFR 1910.96.
Medical Use of X Rays and Gamma Rays of Energies Up
6
2. Referenced Documents
to 10 MeV
3
2.1 ASTM Standards: 2.5 AIA Standard:
E94Guide for Radiographic Examination NAS-410NAS Certification and Qualification of Nonde-
7
structive Test Personnel
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.01 on
4
Radiology (X and Gamma) Method. AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforNondestructiveTesting(ASNT),P.O.Box
Current edition approved July 1, 2009. Published August 2009. Originally 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
5
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E1255-96(2002). Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
DOI: 10.1520/E1255-09. Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Practice www.dodssp.daps.mil.
6
SE-1255 in Section II of that code. Available from NCRP Publications, 7010 Woodmont Ave., Suite 1016,
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Bethesda, MD 20814.
7
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Available fromAerospace IndustriesAssociation ofAmerica, Inc. (AIA), 1000
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on WilsonBlvd.,Suite1700,Arlington,VA22209-3928,http://www.aia-aerospace.org.
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1255 − 09
3. Summary of Practice examinationservicesshalla
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately,ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E 1255–96 (Reapproved 2002) Designation: E1255 – 09
Standard Practice for
1
Radioscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1255; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
2
1.1 This practice provides application details for radioscopic examination using penetrating radiation. This includes dynamic
radioscopy and for the purposes of this practice, radioscopy where there is no motion of the object during exposure (referred to
as static radioscopic imaging) both using an analog component such as an electro-optic device or analog camera. Since the
techniques involved and the applications for radioscopic examination are diverse, this practice is not intended to be limiting or
restrictive, but rather to address the general applications of the technology and thereby facilitate it’sits use. Refer to Guides E 94
andE1000E94andE1000,TerminologyE1316E1316,PracticeE747E747,PracticeE1025E1025,TestMethodE2597,andFed.
Std. Nos. 21 CFR 1020.40 CFR 1020.40 and 29 CFR 1910.96 CFR 1910.96 for a list of documents that provide additional
information and guidance.
1.2 The general principles discussed in this practice apply broadly to penetrating radiation radioscopic systems. However, this
document is written specifically for use with X-ray and gamma-ray systems. Other radioscopic systems, such as those employing
neutrons, will involve equipment and application details unique to such systems.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.Forspecificsafetystatements,seeSection8andFed.Std.Nos.21CFR1020.40CFR1020.40and29CFR
1910.96 CFR 1910.96.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination Guide for Radiographic Examination
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
E747 Practice for Design, Manufacture and Material Grouping Classification of Wire Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used for
Radiology
E1000 Guide for Radioscopy
E1025 Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material Grouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality Indicators (IQI)
Used for Radiology
3
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
E1411 Practice for Qualification of Radioscopic Systems
E1742 Practice for Radiographic Examination
E2002 Practice for Determining Total Image Unsharpness in Radiology
E2597 Practice for Manufacturing Characterization of Digital Detector Arrays
4
2.2 ASNT Standard:
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
ANSI/ASNT CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
5
2.3 Federal Standards:21CFR1020.40Safety Requirements of Cabinet X-Ray Systems
21 CFR 1020.40 Safety Requirements of Cabinet X-Ray Systems
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE07onNondestructiveTestingandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE07.01onRadiology(Xand
Gamma) Method.
Current edition approved March 10, 1996. Published May 1996. Originally published as E 1255–88. Last previous edition E 1255–92b.
Current edition approved July 1, 2009. Published August 2009. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E1255-96(2002). DOI:
10.1520/E1255-09.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Practice SE-1255 in Section II of that code.
3
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 03.03.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from theAmerican Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box 28518, 1711Arlingate Lane,Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
5
Available from DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.
5
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://www.dodssp.daps.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Consh
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately,ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E1255–96 (Reapproved 2002) Designation: E 1255 – 09
Standard Practice for
1
Radioscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1255; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
2
1.1 This practice provides application details for radioscopic examination using penetrating radiation. This includes dynamic
radioscopy and for the purposes of this practice, radioscopy where there is no motion of the object during exposure (referred to
as static radioscopic imaging) both using an analog component such as an electro-optic device or analog camera. Since the
techniques involved and the applications for radioscopic examination are diverse, this practice is not intended to be limiting or
restrictive, but rather to address the general applications of the technology and thereby facilitate it’sits use. Refer to Guides E94
and E1000 and E1000, Terminology E1316, Practice E747, Practice E1025, Test Method E2597, and Fed. Std. Nos. 21 CFR
1020.40CFR1020.40and29CFR1910.96CFR1910.96foralistofdocumentsthatprovideadditionalinformationandguidance.
1.2 The general principles discussed in this practice apply broadly to penetrating radiation radioscopic systems. However, this
document is written specifically for use with X-ray and gamma-ray systems. Other radioscopic systems, such as those employing
neutrons, will involve equipment and application details unique to such systems.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.Forspecificsafetystatements,seeSection8andFed.Std.Nos.21CFR1020.40CFR1020.40and29CFR
1910.96 CFR 1910.96.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination Guide for Radiographic Examination
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
E747 Practice for Design, Manufacture and Material Grouping Classification ofWire Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used for
Radiology
E1000 Guide for Radioscopy
E1025 Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material Grouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality Indicators (IQI)
Used for Radiology
3
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
E1411 Practice for Qualification of Radioscopic Systems
E1742 Practice for Radiographic Examination
E2002 Practice for Determining Total Image Unsharpness in Radiology
E2597 Practice for Manufacturing Characterization of Digital Detector Arrays
4
2.2 ASNT Standard:
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
ANSI/ASNT CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
5
2.3 Federal Standards:21CFR1020.40Safety Requirements of Cabinet X-Ray Systems
21 CFR 1020.40 Safety Requirements of Cabinet X-Ray Systems
5
29CFR1910.96Ionizing Radiation 29 CFR 1910.96 Ionizing Radiation
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE07onNondestructiveTestingandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE07.01onRadiology(Xand
Gamma) Method.
Current edition approved March 10, 1996. Published May 1996. Originally published as E1255–88. Last previous edition E1255–92b.
Current edition approved July 1, 2009. Published August 2009. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E1255-96(2002).
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Practice SE-1255 in Section II of that code.
3
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 03.03.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from theAmerican Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box 28518, 1711Arlingate Lane,Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
5
Available from DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.
5
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://www.dodssp.daps.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Bo
...