ASTM C71-01

Standard Terminology Relating to Refractories

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers terms particularly related to refractories and encompasses raw materials, manufacture, finished products, applications, and testing procedures.
1.2 When any of the definitions in this terminology are quoted or published out of context, editorially insert the limiting phrase "in refractories" after the dash following the term to properly limit the field of application of the term and definition.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-2001
• ICS: 01.040.81 - Glass and ceramics industries (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 81.080 - Refractories
• Technical Committee: C08 - Refractories
• Drafting Committee: C08.92 - The Joseph E. Kopanda Subcommittee for Editorial, Terminology and Classification

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C71-00a - Standard Terminology Relating to Refractories
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Replaced By: ASTM C71-01a - Standard Terminology Relating to Refractories
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1548-02(2020) - Standard Test Method for Dynamic Young’s Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson’s Ratio of Refractory Materials by Impulse Excitation of Vibration
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1547-02(2022) - Standard Classification for Fusion-Cast Refractory Blocks and Shapes
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1685-15(2021) - Standard Specification for Pneumatically Applied High-Temperature Fiber Thermal Insulation for Industrial Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C24-09(2022) - Standard Test Method for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE) of Fireclay and High-Alumina Refractory Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C455-07(2022) - Standard Classification of Chrome, Chrome-Magnesia, Magnesia-Chrome, and Magnesia Brick
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E1602-03(2017) - Standard Guide for Construction of Solid Fuel Burning Masonry Heaters
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1445-13(2018) - Standard Test Method for Measuring Consistency of Castable Refractory Using a Flow Table
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C892-19 - Standard Specification for High-Temperature Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1656-13(2023) - Standard Guide for Measuring the Reactivity of Hydraulic Refractory Castables Using Exothermic Profile
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 71 – 01
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Refractories
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 71; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope formity in the usage of terms related to refractories, it can
never be complete because new terms are constantly arising.
1.1 This terminology covers terms particularly related to
The existence of this terminology does not preclude the use or
refractories and encompasses raw materials, manufacture,
misuse of any term in another context.
finished products, applications, and testing procedures.
1.2 When any of the definitions in this terminology are
4. Terminology
quoted or published out of context, editorially insert the
4.1 Definitions:
limiting phrase “in refractories” after the dash following the
term to properly limit the field of application of the term and
abrasion of refractories, n—wearing away of refractory
definition.
surfaces by the scouring action of moving solids.
acid refractories, n— see refractories, acid.
2. Referenced Documents
alumina-chromia brick, n—a refractory brick, which may be
2.1 ASTM Standards:
burned or unburned, manufactured predominantly of a mix-
C 24 Test Method for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE) of
ture of a high-alumina raw material and chromic oxide
2
Fireclay and High-Alumina Refractory Materials
(Cr O ), with the alumina (Al O ) content being 50 % or
2 3 2 3
C 181 Test Method for Workability Index of Fireclay and
greater by weight and with chromic oxide (Cr O ) predomi-
2 3
2
High-Alumina Plastic Refractories
nating by weight among the other constituent oxides.
C 401 Classification of Alumina and Alumina-Silicate
angle of repose, n—the acute angle measured from the
2
Castable Refractories
horizontal to the slope of a cone-shaped pile of free-flowing
2
C 416 Classification of Silica Refractory Brick
material.
C 456 Test Method for Hydration Resistance of Basic
anthracite-coal-base carbon refractory, n—see carbon refrac-
2
Bricks and Shapes
tory, anthracite-coal-base.
C 492 Test Method for Hydration of Granular Dead-Burned
basic refractories, n— see refractories, basic.
2
Refractory Dolomite
bat, v—to reject or discard a brick or shape.
C 860 Practices for Determining and Measuring Consis-
binder, n—a substance added to a granular material to give it
2
tency of Refractory Concretes
workability and green or dry strength.
C 909 Practice for Dimensions of a Modular Series of
bloating of refractories, v—substantial swelling produced by
2
Refractory Brick and Shapes
a heat treatment that causes the formation of a vesicular
structure.
3. Significance and Use
bond fireclay, n—see fireclay, plastic or bond.
3.1 This terminology ensures that terms peculiar to refrac-
burn, v—the heat treatment to which refractory materials are
tories are adequately defined so that other standards in which
subjected in the firing process.
such terms are used can be understood and interpreted prop-
burning (firing) of refractories, v—the final heat treatment in
erly.
a kiln to which refractory brick and shapes are subjected in
3.2 This terminology is useful to those who are not conver-
the process of manufacture for the purpose of developing
sant with the terms related to refractories. However, it is also a
bond and other necessary physical and chemical properties.
ready reference for those directly associated with refractories
calcine, calcines, n—refractory material, often fireclay, that
to resolve differences and ensure commonality of usage,
has been heated to eliminate volatile constituents and to
particularly in the preparation of ASTM standards.
produce desired physical changes.
3.3 Although this terminology is intended to promote uni-
calcined refractory dolomite, n—see dolomite, calcined re-
fractory.
1
calcining of refractory materials, v—the heat treatment to
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.92, The Joseph E. which raw refractory materials are subjected, preparatory to
Kopanda Subcommittee for Editorial and Terminology.
further processing or use, for the purpose of eliminating
Current edition approved April 10, 2001. Published June 2001. Originally
volatile chemically combined constituents and producing
published as C 71 – 27. Last previous edition C 71 – 00a.
2
volume changes.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.01.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C71
carbon-ceramic refractory, n—a manufactu
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